MasterCard Lead Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Deep dive into java concepts. Max diameter of a tree in java.
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Q1. Lld of loan and borrower design. Design dbs schema. About connection pool, db isolation.
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Q1. Hiring manager round, more about previous experience and some hypothetical questions.
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Q1. What are the best and worst solutions for the coding problem "Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters," including a detailed explanation of each solution along with their time and space complexity?
Ans. 
The Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters problem involves finding the length of the longest substring without any repeating characters.
• Best solution: Sliding Window approach with HashSet to track unique characters. Time complexity O(n), space complexity O(min(n, m)) where n is the length of the string and m is the size of the character set.

• Worst solution: Brute force approach checking all substrings for uniqu...read more
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Q1. Questions regarding Redis and cache eviction policies, and how would you implement a low-level design for the Least Recently Used (LRU) cache algorithm?
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A test that covers all fundamental topics, including networking, object-oriented programming (OOP), and data structures and algorithms (DSA).

Q1. Write code for quick sort
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Q2. Puzzle
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Q1. Explain the react lifecycle functions and how they work
Ans. 
React lifecycle functions are methods that are automatically called at specific points in a component's life cycle.
• Mounting: constructor, render, componentDidMount

• Updating: render, componentDidUpdate

• Unmounting: componentWillUnmount
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Q2. Css box model, difference between padding and margin
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Padding is the space inside the border of an element, while margin is the space outside the border.
• Padding is used to create space between the content and the border of an element.

• Margin is used to create space between the border of an element and other elements.

• Padding affects the size of the content area, while margin affects the positioning of the element.

• Example: padding: 10px will create 10 pixels of space inside ...read more
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Q1. What are your salary expectations in CTC and variables?
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Q2. Will you relocate to the location required?
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Data structures and algo. 2 ques were asked in hackerrank

Q1. Questions related to System design
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Q1. Basic question related to Spring and Java
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Java coding questions, basic Java questions.

Q1. Java basics questions.
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Q2. Live coding.
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Q1. Discussion on previous experience and projects.
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Q2. System design question
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Q1. Questions on SQL, Java advanced, personal projects, Java frameworks, UI based questions, Agile methodologies.
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Q2. Interview discussion with the whole team.
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Q1. Benefits discussion.
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Q2. Salary discussion.
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The topic was -> "One nation one election"

Q1. What is a String pool in Java?
Ans. 
String pool in Java is a pool of unique strings stored in memory to optimize memory usage.
• String pool is a part of Java's memory where unique string literals are stored.

• When a new string is created, Java checks if it already exists in the pool to save memory.

• Strings created using double quotes are added to the pool, while those created using 'new' keyword are not.

• Example: String str1 = "hello"; String str2 = "hello"; /...read more
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Q2. Explain different types of exception in Java.
Ans. 
Java has checked and unchecked exceptions. Checked exceptions must be handled at compile time, while unchecked exceptions do not need to be handled explicitly.
• Checked exceptions: Must be caught or declared in the method signature. Example: IOException, SQLException

• Unchecked exceptions: Do not need to be caught or declared. Example: NullPointerException, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
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