LeadSoc Technologies India Firmware Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Toggle the bits of given input
Ans. 
Toggle the bits of given input
• Create a mask with all bits set to 1

• XOR the input with the mask to toggle the bits

• Repeat the process for each bit position
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Q2. Clear the set bit
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Q1. Print the star pattern
Ans. 
Print a star pattern using loops
• Use nested loops to print the desired pattern

• Increment the number of stars in each row to create the pattern

• Example: for a pattern with 5 rows - * , ** , *** , **** , *****
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Q2. Microprocessor microcontroller topics are asked
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Q1. WAP based on array question
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Q2. Technical questions based on CV
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40 aptitude qns and some mcqs on basic programming

Q1. I was asked to write two sum, palindrome function and merge sort code in whatever language I'm comfortable in
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Q2. Two sum- return true or false
Ans. 
Given an array of integers, determine if there are two numbers that add up to a specific target.
• Iterate through the array and store each element in a hash set.

• For each element, check if the difference between the target and the element exists in the hash set.

• If the difference exists, return true; otherwise, continue iterating.

• Example: nums = [2, 7, 11, 15], target = 9. The function should return true as 2 + 7 = 9.
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Q3. Merge sort function code
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Q4. Palindromic string or not
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All basic programs on c and linux

Q1. Based on c microprocessor microcontroller and linux
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Q2. Based on networking
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Q3. Based communication protocols
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Q1. How to integrate and differentiate signals through software embedded c for 8 bit , 16 bit architecture
Ans. 
Integrating and differentiating signals through software embedded C for 8-bit and 16-bit architecture involves utilizing appropriate data types and algorithms.
• Use fixed-point arithmetic for 8-bit architecture to maintain precision

• Leverage floating-point arithmetic for 16-bit architecture for higher precision

• Implement algorithms like finite difference method for differentiation

• Utilize digital signal processing technique...read more
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Q2. How to implement digital filter through software
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Digital filters can be implemented through software by using algorithms such as Finite Impulse Response (FIR) or Infinite Impulse Response (IIR).
• Choose the appropriate filter type based on the desired frequency response and computational complexity

• Implement the filter algorithm in the firmware code using programming languages like C or assembly

• Optimize the filter design for efficient memory usage and processing speed

• Te...read more
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Q1. Explain the Masters Thesis Project in detail. What is CNF and DNF ? How project is relevant to Binarized Neural Network ? Other questions were C language related.
Ans. 
Master's thesis project focused on CNF and DNF in relation to Binarized Neural Networks.
• CNF stands for Conjunctive Normal Form and DNF stands for Disjunctive Normal Form.

• CNF is a conjunction of clauses, while DNF is a disjunction of clauses.

• Binarized Neural Networks use binary values (0 or 1) for weights and activations to reduce memory and computation requirements.

• The project likely explored how CNF and DNF can be use...read more
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Q1. Are you comfortable relocating to Bangalore / Hyderabad ?
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Q2. What does Micron do ?
Ans. 
Micron is a global leader in memory and storage solutions, providing innovative products for a wide range of applications.
• Micron manufactures memory and storage products such as DRAM, NAND, and SSDs.

• They cater to various industries including data centers, automotive, consumer electronics, and more.

• Micron focuses on developing cutting-edge technologies to meet the growing demands of the digital world.
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Q1. Asked questions more related to c/c++
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Q1. Why we should use auto keyword in local scope only
Ans. 
Using auto keyword in local scope only ensures type safety and avoids unintended side effects.
• Auto keyword deduces the type of the variable from its initializer expression.

• Using auto in local scope avoids unintended type conversions and promotes type safety.

• Auto keyword should not be used for function parameters or class members.

• Example: auto x = 10; // x is deduced as int

• Example: auto y = 3.14; // y is deduced as doub
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Q2. Why the default value of reg keyword is garbage value only
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The default value of reg keyword is garbage value due to performance optimization.
• Garbage value is faster to assign than initializing to a specific value.

• Initializing to a specific value would require additional instructions and memory access.

• The value of reg keyword is expected to be overwritten before use.

• Garbage value can help in detecting uninitialized variables during testing.

• Example: int x; // x will have a garba
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