L&T Technology Services Embedded Firmware Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is que in sv ?
Ans. 
Que in SystemVerilog (SV) is a built-in data type used for creating queues.
• Queues are dynamic arrays that can grow or shrink in size during simulation.

• Queues can store elements of any data type.

• Elements can be added to the end of the queue using the built-in methods like push_back().

• Elements can be removed from the front of the queue using the built-in methods like pop_front().
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Q2. What is mailbox
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A mailbox is a data structure used for communication between different processes or threads in a computer system.
• Mailboxes are typically used in multi-threaded or multi-processor systems to pass messages between different entities.

• They provide a way for processes to communicate without directly accessing each other's memory.

• Mailboxes can be implemented using queues, shared memory, or other mechanisms depending on the s
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Q3. What is delay inter and intera
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Delay inter and intra refer to delays within and between different components or systems.
• Delay inter refers to delays between different components or systems.

• Delay intra refers to delays within the same component or system.

• Example: Delay inter can occur when data is transferred between a CPU and memory.

• Example: Delay intra can occur within a CPU due to processing time.
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Q4. What is constraint
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Constraints in verification engineering are conditions or limitations imposed on the design or testbench to ensure certain properties are met.
• Constraints are used to restrict the possible values of variables or signals in a design or testbench.

• They help in verifying specific behaviors or scenarios within the design.

• Examples include setting timing constraints for signal propagation or limiting the range of input values
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Q5. What is oops related
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Object-oriented programming concepts such as classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism.
• Classes: Blueprint for creating objects with attributes and methods.

• Objects: Instances of classes that contain data and behavior.

• Inheritance: Ability for a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Polymorphism:...read more
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Q1. What are storage class
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Storage classes in C specify the scope and lifetime of variables.
• Storage classes include auto, register, static, and extern.

• Auto variables are local to a block and have automatic storage duration.

• Register variables are stored in CPU registers for faster access.

• Static variables retain their value between function calls.

• Extern variables are declared in one file and can be used in another file.
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Q2. Explain structure program
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A structure program is a program that uses structures to group related data together.
• Structures in C programming allow you to group related data together under one name.

• You can define a structure using the 'struct' keyword.

• Structures can contain different data types, including int, float, char, and even other structures.

• You can access the members of a structure using the dot operator.

• Example: struct employee { int id; ...read more
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Q1. The test had three sections: 10 - Aptitude questions 15 - C programming Mcq 3 - C programming coding questions
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Q1. Introduction. Difference between Embedded Systems and Embedded software. Difference between linux and windows. Why use microcontroller instead of microprocessor. C programming: structure and union, poi...read more
Ans. 
Interview questions for Embedded Software Engineer
• Embedded systems are hardware and software combined to perform a specific task

• Embedded software is the software component of an embedded system

• Linux is open-source, customizable, and widely used in embedded systems

• Windows is proprietary, less customizable, and not commonly used in embedded systems

• Microcontrollers have built-in memory and peripherals, making them more su...read more
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Q1. They generally asked about basic C question in pointers,function pointers,callback function
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Q2. Write a program on finding little or big endian,no of bits set in bit magic,
Ans. 
Program to find endianness and number of bits set in bit magic.
• Use bitwise operators to check endianness

• Count number of set bits using bitwise AND and right shift

• Use pre-defined functions for endianness in some programming languages

• Endianness can affect network communication and file formats
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Q3. Basic of rtos diff btw rtos and gpos core optimisation techniques used debug technique when fault occurs
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Q4. Basic IPC concepts used in operating system
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IPC stands for Inter-Process Communication and is used for communication between processes in an operating system.
• Shared memory

• Message passing

• Pipes

• Sockets

• Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)

• Semaphores

• Mutexes
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Q1. Mainly focused on basics of c language Stack program
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Q2. Compilation stages , function
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Coding Questions on REGEX, Dictionaries, Strings, Unit test coding.

Embedded c 15 question and c language programming

Q1. Basically focaus on c laguage
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After applying for drive through On Campus.From Hirepro Platform The mail was Triggered and in exam they conduct both Aptitude and Technical question from Embedded Systems,C,About 8051,8086 microcontrollers.After The next section Coding test Have Two Coding question Based Arrays Medium Level You Can do Coding In C or C++ or Phyton

Q1. At first Interviewer as asked me to Introduce my self and after he has asked My favourite subjects
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Q2. 1) which microcontroller you have used in Academics?
Ans. 
I have used STM32 microcontroller in my academics.
• I have worked on STM32F4 Discovery board for a project in my final year.

• I have also used STM32CubeMX software for code generation and debugging.

• I have experience in programming STM32 microcontrollers using C language.
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Q3. 2) About Linux Boot and How to Interface Raspberry pi
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Q4. 3) About Interrupt service Routine
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Q5. 4) About Real Operating Systems
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Q6. 5) About Deadlock, Priority Inversion
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Q7. 6) About Mutex and Semaphore
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Q8. 7) To write program for Toggle particular But in C?
Ans. 
To toggle a particular bit in C, use bitwise XOR operator with 1 at the desired bit position.
• Use bitwise XOR operator (^) with 1 at the desired bit position to toggle it.

• Example: To toggle the 3rd bit of a variable 'x', use x ^= (1 << 2);

• Make sure to use the correct bit position starting from 0 for the least significant bit.
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Q9. 8) To write program to iterate an array using pointer
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Program to iterate an array using pointer
• Declare a pointer variable and initialize it to the base address of the array

• Use a loop to iterate through the array using the pointer variable

• Increment the pointer variable in each iteration to point to the next element

• Stop the loop when the pointer variable reaches the end of the array
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Q10. 9) Then about my projects
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