L&T Technology Services Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Side member and cross member are structural components in the Body in White (BIW) of a vehicle, providing support and rigidity.

• Side members are longitudinal structural components that run along the sides of the vehicle, providing support and connecting various components.

• Cross members are structural components that run across the width of the vehicle, connecting the side members and providing additional rigidity.

• These ...read more

Annotations, PMI stands for Product Manufacturing Information, which includes dimensions, tolerances, materials, and other specifications on a technical drawing.

• PMI is used to communicate important information about a product's design and manufacturing requirements.

• Annotations are typically added to CAD drawings to provide clarity and guidance to manufacturers.

• Examples of PMI include geometric dimensioning and toleranc...read more

Beads and darts are decided based on design requirements, manufacturing constraints, and structural considerations in BIW members.

• Consider design requirements such as stiffness, strength, and crashworthiness.

• Take into account manufacturing constraints like tooling limitations and cost.

• Evaluate structural considerations such as load distribution and stress concentrations.

• Examples: Beads are often used to increase stiffn...read more

Various methods such as stamping, welding, and bonding are used for making BIW in manufacturing processes.

• Stamping: involves pressing a sheet of metal into a die to create the desired shape

• Welding: joining metal pieces together using heat or pressure

• Bonding: using adhesives to attach metal components

• Riveting: joining metal parts using rivets

• Hydroforming: shaping metal using fluid pressure

Hydroforming uses fluid pressure to shape metal, while forming involves shaping metal using mechanical force.

• Hydroforming uses fluid pressure to shape metal into complex shapes

• Forming involves shaping metal using mechanical force such as bending, stretching, or compressing

• Hydroforming is often used in automotive industry for creating lightweight and strong components

• Forming can be done through processes like stamping,

Yes, GD&T (Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing) is used in engineering to communicate design specifications.

• GD&T is a symbolic language used on engineering drawings to specify the allowable variations in form, size, and orientation of features.

• It helps ensure that parts fit together correctly and function properly.

• GD&T can improve quality, reduce costs, and lead to more efficient manufacturing processes.

• Examples of ...read more

Benchmarking and master section are important in design for setting standards and improving performance.

• Benchmarking involves comparing design processes, products, or performance against industry standards or competitors.

• Master section refers to a standardized section of a design that serves as a reference point for consistency and quality.

• Both benchmarking and master section help in setting benchmarks, identifying are...read more

LMC & MMC are GD&T concepts used to define the extreme sizes of a part. LMC is the smallest size while MMC is the largest size.

• LMC (Least Material Condition) is the condition where a part has the least amount of material, ensuring the smallest size possible.

• MMC (Max Material Condition) is the condition where a part has the most amount of material, ensuring the largest size possible.

• GD&T uses LMC and MMC to establish th...read more

FMEA is a systematic method for identifying and prioritizing potential failure modes in a process or product.

• FMEA involves identifying potential failure modes, their causes, and the effects of these failures.

• It assigns a severity, occurrence, and detection rating to each failure mode to prioritize them for mitigation.

• FMEA helps in proactively addressing potential issues to improve quality and reliability.

• Example: In au...read more

SPC stands for Statistical Process Control. It is a method of quality control that uses statistical methods to monitor and control a process.

• SPC helps in identifying and reducing variation in a process, leading to improved quality and consistency of products or services.

• It involves collecting and analyzing data to understand the performance of a process over time.

• If SPC is not implemented, there is a higher risk of pro...read more

Yes, I have experience in Supplier Quality Management.

• Managed supplier audits and evaluations

• Implemented supplier corrective action plans

• Developed supplier quality agreements

• Collaborated with suppliers to improve quality processes

Some quality standards include ISO 9001, Six Sigma, Lean Manufacturing, and Total Quality Management.

• ISO 9001: a set of international standards for quality management systems

• Six Sigma: a methodology aimed at improving processes by reducing defects

• Lean Manufacturing: focuses on minimizing waste and maximizing value

• Total Quality Management: an approach that involves all employees in continuous improvement

The 7 QC tools are a set of basic statistical tools used for quality control and improvement in manufacturing processes.

• Check sheet: Used to collect and analyze data in a systematic manner.

• Histogram: Represents data distribution visually to identify patterns and trends.

• Pareto chart: Helps prioritize issues by showing the most significant factors affecting quality.

• Cause-and-effect diagram (Ishikawa or fishbone diagram):...read more

Poka Yoke is a mistake-proofing technique used in manufacturing to prevent errors before they occur.

• Poka Yoke involves designing processes or products in a way that prevents mistakes or defects.

• Examples include using color coding for different parts to avoid mix-ups, or designing a shape that only fits in one way to prevent assembly errors.

• The goal of Poka Yoke is to eliminate defects by preventing human errors.

8D analysis is a problem-solving method used to identify, correct, and prevent recurring problems in manufacturing or service industries.

• 8D stands for Eight Disciplines, which are a set of steps to address quality issues.

• It involves forming a team, defining the problem, implementing temporary containment actions, identifying root causes, implementing permanent corrective actions, and preventing recurrence.

• Examples of t...read more

PPAP stands for Production Part Approval Process. It is a standardized process in the automotive industry to ensure suppliers meet quality requirements.

• PPAP is a set of guidelines developed by the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) to establish a common understanding between suppliers and manufacturers.

• It involves submitting documentation such as design records, process flow diagrams, control plans, and measuremen...read more

Not doing PPAP can lead to delays in production, quality issues, and potential customer dissatisfaction.

• PPAP (Production Part Approval Process) is a necessary step in ensuring that all parts meet quality standards before production begins.

• Not doing PPAP can result in delays in production as parts may need to be reworked or replaced if they do not meet requirements.

• Skipping PPAP can lead to quality issues in the final p...read more

I expect to utilize my skills and experience to improve quality processes, drive continuous improvement, and contribute to the success of the organization.

• Opportunity to lead quality improvement initiatives

• Collaboration with cross-functional teams to ensure quality standards are met

• Opportunities for professional growth and development

• Contribution to the overall success of the organization

SPC stands for Statistical Process Control, a method used to monitor and control processes to ensure they are stable and in control.

• SPC involves collecting and analyzing data to understand variation in a process

• It helps identify when a process is out of control and in need of adjustment

• Common tools used in SPC include control charts, histograms, and Pareto charts

MSA stands for Measurement System Analysis. It is a method used to assess the measurement system's capability to provide accurate and reliable data.

• MSA helps in identifying sources of variation in measurement systems.

• It includes studies like Gage R&R (Repeatability and Reproducibility) to evaluate measurement system precision.

• MSA ensures that the measurement system is capable of providing accurate and reliable data...read more

Quality Engineers are responsible for ensuring products meet quality standards through testing and analysis.

• Develop and implement quality control systems

• Conduct tests and inspections to identify defects

• Analyze data to improve processes and reduce errors

• Collaborate with production teams to address quality issues

• Document findings and recommend improvements

I manage my daily work management by prioritizing tasks, creating to-do lists, setting deadlines, and utilizing time management techniques.

• Prioritize tasks based on urgency and importance

• Create to-do lists to keep track of tasks

• Set deadlines to ensure timely completion

• Utilize time management techniques such as Pomodoro technique or Eisenhower matrix

• Regularly review and adjust the plan as needed

Ppk and Cpk are process capability indices used in Six Sigma to measure the ability of a process to produce output within specification limits.

• Ppk and Cpk are statistical measurements that assess how well a process is performing in relation to its specification limits.

• Ppk measures the potential capability of a process to produce output within specification limits, while Cpk measures the actual capability of a process t...read more

Different types of risks include financial, operational, strategic, compliance, and reputational risks.

• Financial risk: related to the potential loss of financial resources, such as market risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk.

• Operational risk: arises from internal processes, systems, or people, leading to errors, fraud, or disruptions.

• Strategic risk: involves the impact of business decisions on the organization's long-...read more

Probability plot curves denote the distribution of data points compared to a theoretical distribution.

• Probability plot curves help visualize how well a dataset fits a particular distribution.

• The curves can indicate if the data is normally distributed or follows a different distribution.

• Examples of probability plots include Q-Q plots and P-P plots.

Yield keyword is used in Python to pause and resume a generator function.

• Yield keyword is used to return a value from a generator function and pause its execution.

• When the generator function is called again, it resumes from where it was paused.

• Yield can be used in a loop to generate a sequence of values without storing them all in memory.

• Example: def my_generator(): yield 1 yield 2 yield 3

Use variadic arguments in C++ to handle variable number of parameters in a function

• Use variadic arguments in C++ to create a function that can accept any number of parameters

• Example: void myFunction(int firstParam, ...)

• Access the parameters using va_list and va_start macros

• Example: va_list args; va_start(args, firstParam); int nextParam = va_arg(args, int);

• End the argument list with va_end macro

SQL join query combines data from multiple tables based on a related column, and aggregate functions perform calculations on grouped data.

• Use JOIN keyword to combine data from multiple tables based on a related column

• Use aggregate functions like SUM, AVG, COUNT, etc. to perform calculations on grouped data

• Example: SELECT orders.order_id, SUM(order_details.quantity) FROM orders JOIN order_details ON orders.order_id = or

I follow the Agile software management framework and am familiar with various Scrum terminologies.

• Agile software management framework focuses on iterative development and collaboration.

• Scrum is a specific Agile framework that includes roles like Scrum Master and Product Owner.

• Some Scrum terminologies include Sprint, Daily Standup, Backlog, and User Stories.

P2P process stands for Procure-to-Pay process, which involves all steps from requisition to payment for goods or services.

• P2P process starts with a purchase requisition being created by the requester.

• The requisition is then approved by the appropriate authority.

• A purchase order is generated and sent to the supplier.

• Goods or services are received and inspected.

• An invoice is received from the supplier.

• The invoice is matc...read more