30+ Interview Questions and Answers

IPSEC VPN is a secure network connection that uses encryption and authentication protocols. Phase 1 establishes a secure channel, while Phase 2 sets up the actual VPN tunnel.

• IPSEC VPN provides secure communication over an untrusted network.

• Phase 1 negotiates the security parameters and establishes a secure channel.

• Phase 2 sets up the actual VPN tunnel for data transmission.

• Phase 1 uses the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol for authentication and key exchange.

• Phase 2 uses t...read more

VLAN is a logical grouping of network devices, Inter VLAN allows communication between VLANs, VTP manages VLAN configuration, STP/RSTP prevent network loops.

• VLAN separates a physical network into multiple logical networks

• Inter VLAN routing allows communication between VLANs

• VTP manages VLAN configuration across multiple switches

• STP/RSTP prevent network loops by disabling redundant links

• Example: VLAN 10 for finance, VLAN 20 for marketing

• Example: Inter VLAN routing allows a fina...read more

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven layers.

• The OSI model divides the communication process into seven layers, each with its own specific functions.

• The layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer provides services to the layer above it and uses services from the layer below it.

• The model helps in understanding how dif...read more

DNS is a system that translates domain names into IP addresses. DNS records contain information about a domain's IP address and other settings.

• DNS stands for Domain Name System

• DNS translates domain names into IP addresses

• DNS records contain information about a domain's IP address and other settings

• There are different types of DNS records such as A, CNAME, MX, etc.

• To resolve a query, the DNS server looks up the requested domain name in its database and returns the correspondin...read more

The pay offered is below market standards for a System Engineer.

• The pay offered is significantly lower than the industry average for a System Engineer.

• I would like to discuss the salary further to understand the compensation package and benefits.

• Considering my qualifications and experience, I believe I deserve a higher salary.

• I am open to negotiation and would like to explore the possibility of a higher pay.

• A fair and competitive salary is important for attracting and retaini...read more

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a reliable, connection-oriented protocol that provides error checking and flow control.

• TCP is responsible for breaking data into packets and reassembling them at the destination

• TCP header contains source and destination port numbers, sequence and acknowledgement numbers, and flags

• TCP uses a three-way handshake to establish a connection and a four-way handshake to terminate it

Yes, I am comfortable with rotational shifts and the offered package.

• I have prior experience working in rotational shifts and can manage my schedule accordingly.

• I am open to learning and adapting to new work environments.

• The offered package is acceptable to me based on my skills and experience.

• I am excited about the opportunity to work as a System Engineer and contribute to the company's success.

A computer network is a group of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and share resources.

• Computer network allows devices to share data, resources, and information.

• Examples of computer networks include LAN, WAN, and the Internet.

• Linux is an open-source operating system that is widely used in computer networks.

• OSI Layers are a set of protocols that define how data is transmitted over a network.

• There are seven OSI Layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Tra...read more

If the Zoom application does not open, I will troubleshoot the issue by checking for any error messages, restarting the computer, updating the application, and reinstalling if necessary.

• Check for any error messages or notifications

• Restart the computer to refresh the system

• Update the Zoom application to the latest version

• Reinstall the Zoom application if the issue persists

ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol. It is used to map a network address (such as an IP address) to a physical address (such as a MAC address).

• ARP is a protocol used in computer networking.

• It is used to translate network addresses to physical addresses.

• ARP operates at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model.

• ARP is used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses.

• ARP cache is used to store the mapping of IP addresses to MAC addresses.

OSPF has seven stages including DR and BDR election.

• OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used in IP networks.

• The seven stages of OSPF are Down, Init, Attempt, 2-Way, Exstart, Exchange, and Full.

• DR (Designated Router) and BDR (Backup Designated Router) are elected in multi-access networks to reduce the number of adjacencies.

• DR and BDR are elected based on priority, with the highest priority becoming DR and the second-highest becoming BDR.

• If there is a tie in p...read more

Digital marketing is essential for businesses to reach their target audience and increase brand awareness.

• Helps businesses reach a wider audience through various digital channels

• Allows for targeted advertising to specific demographics

• Provides measurable results and analytics to track success

• Increases brand awareness and customer engagement

• Examples include social media marketing, email marketing, SEO, PPC advertising

DNS (Domain Name System) is a system that translates domain names to IP addresses to locate resources on the internet.

• DNS works by translating human-readable domain names (like google.com) into IP addresses (like 172.217.3.206).

• Different types of DNS records include A records (for IPv4 addresses), AAAA records (for IPv6 addresses), CNAME records (for aliasing one domain to another), MX records (for mail servers), and TXT records (for arbitrary text data).

• DNS operates through ...read more

IPsec is a protocol suite used to secure internet protocol (IP) communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet of a communication session.

• IPsec stands for Internet Protocol Security.

• It provides security services at the IP layer by enabling secure communication over the Internet.

• Packet flow in IPsec involves encryption, authentication, and encapsulation of IP packets.

• IPsec operates in two modes: Transport mode and Tunnel mode.

• In Transport mode, only the payload...read more

Postman is a popular tool for API testing. It supports various types of requests, response codes, efficient coding in JavaScript, and testing in relevant frameworks.

• Postman supports GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, and other types of requests.

• Response codes in Postman include 200 for success, 404 for not found, 500 for server error, etc.

• Efficient coding in JavaScript involves using asynchronous functions, error handling, and modular code.

• API testing in relevant frameworks like ...read more

Digital marketing is the promotion of products or services using digital technologies.

• It involves various channels such as social media, email, search engines, and websites.

• It allows businesses to reach a wider audience and target specific demographics.

• Examples include Google Ads, Facebook Ads, email marketing campaigns, and influencer marketing.

• It requires a strong understanding of analytics and data to measure success and optimize campaigns.

Adops is short for advertising operations. It involves managing and optimizing digital advertising campaigns.

• Adops involves managing and optimizing digital advertising campaigns

• It includes tasks such as ad trafficking, campaign setup, and performance monitoring

• Adops professionals work closely with advertisers, publishers, and ad networks

• They use various tools and technologies to ensure ads are delivered to the right audience at the right time

• Examples of adops tools include ad...read more

DNS is a system that translates domain names to IP addresses, while DHCP is a protocol that assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

• DNS stands for Domain Name System and is used to translate domain names (like www.example.com) to IP addresses (like 192.168.1.1).

• DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol and is used to automatically assign IP addresses, subnet masks, and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network.

• DNS is essential for browsing ...read more

Data merging can be done using programming languages like Python, R, or SQL.

• Use Python libraries like pandas to merge datasets based on common columns.

• In R, use functions like merge() or dplyr package to combine datasets.

• In SQL, use JOIN operations to merge tables based on common keys.

• Consider data cleaning and preprocessing before merging to ensure data consistency.

A network is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, and other devices connected to one another for sharing data and resources.

• A network allows devices to communicate with each other, share resources, and access the internet.

• Types of networks include LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network).

• Networks can be wired or wireless, with Ethernet and Wi-Fi being common technologies used for connectivity.

• Network...read more

Packet flow in LAN to LAN and LAN to WAN

• LAN to LAN packet flow occurs within the same network segment

• LAN to WAN packet flow occurs between a local network and the internet

• In LAN to LAN, packets are sent directly between devices on the same network

• In LAN to WAN, packets are sent through a router or gateway to reach the internet

• Packet flow can be affected by network topology, routing protocols, and security measures

Handle customers with patience, empathy, and effective communication.

• Listen actively to understand the customer's issue

• Show empathy and understanding towards the customer's frustration

• Communicate clearly and effectively, avoiding technical jargon

• Provide timely updates on the progress of resolving the issue

• Follow up with the customer to ensure satisfaction

Brand safety refers to the measures taken to ensure that a brand's advertisements do not appear alongside inappropriate or harmful content.

• Brand safety involves protecting a brand's reputation by avoiding association with controversial or offensive content.

• It includes using tools and technology to monitor where ads are being displayed online.

• Examples of brand safety measures include keyword blocking, whitelisting websites, and working with trusted publishers.

• Ensuring brand sa...read more

ISO layer refers to the seven-layered model for network communication.

• ISO layer is a model for network communication.

• It consists of seven layers, each with a specific function.

• The layers are: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application.

• Each layer communicates with the layer above and below it.

• The model helps ensure compatibility and interoperability between different systems.

• For example, the HTTP protocol operates at the application layer, ...read more

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

• Routes data packets between different networks

• Uses IP addresses to determine where to send data

• Acts as a gateway for devices to connect to the internet

• Can be wired or wireless

• Examples: Cisco, Netgear, TP-Link routers

Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and servers that communicate with each other using standardized protocols.

• Internet is a network of networks

• Data is transmitted through packets

• Protocols like TCP/IP ensure reliable communication

• DNS translates domain names to IP addresses

• HTTP is used for web browsing

• Email uses SMTP and POP/IMAP protocols

• Encryption is used to secure data transmission

Agile is a project management methodology that focuses on iterative development, while Sprint retro is a meeting held at the end of a sprint to reflect on what went well and what could be improved.

• Agile is a project management methodology that emphasizes iterative development and collaboration between cross-functional teams.

• Sprint retro is a meeting held at the end of a sprint in Agile, where the team reflects on what went well, what could be improved, and how to make changes...read more

IPsec is a protocol suite used to secure internet protocol (IP) communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet of a communication session.

• IPsec provides security services at the IP layer by enabling secure communication over the Internet.

• It uses encryption algorithms to ensure data confidentiality and authentication protocols to verify the identity of communicating parties.

• IPsec operates in two modes: Transport mode, where only the payload of the IP packet is ...read more

Smoke testing is a preliminary testing to check if the basic functionalities of a software application are working fine.

• Performed early in the development cycle

• Focuses on basic functionality

• Not exhaustive testing

• Helps identify major issues early on

• Usually automated for efficiency

The very worst response in Iopex is when an employee fails to meet deadlines consistently and lacks communication skills.

• Consistently missing deadlines

• Lack of communication skills

• Poor quality of work

• Unprofessional behavior