Infinite Computer Solutions Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol.

• STP is a network protocol used to prevent loops in Ethernet networks.

• It works by creating a loop-free logical topology by blocking redundant paths.

• STP elects a root bridge and calculates the shortest path to it for each network segment.

• It uses Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) to exchange information between switches.

• STP is defined by the IEEE 802.1D standard.

The main function of the Root bridge switch is to control the flow of data traffic in a spanning tree network.

• The Root bridge switch is elected as the central point of the spanning tree network.

• It determines the shortest path for data traffic to reach all other switches in the network.

• The Root bridge switch sends Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) to other switches to exchange information and maintain the spanning tree...read more

The IP address works at Layer 3 of the OSI model. Assigning an IP address on a Layer 2 switch is not possible.

• IP addresses are used for network layer communication (Layer 3)

• Layer 2 switches operate at the data link layer (Layer 2)

• Layer 2 switches use MAC addresses for communication within a local network

• IP addresses are assigned to devices connected to Layer 2 switches, not to the switch itself

DNS uses port number 53. It works by translating domain names into IP addresses and vice versa.

• DNS stands for Domain Name System.

• Port number 53 is used for both TCP and UDP protocols.

• DNS works by resolving domain names to their corresponding IP addresses.

• It uses a hierarchical distributed database system.

• DNS queries and responses are sent over port 53.

• DNS operates through a client-server model.

• Example: When you type a ...read more

DHCP DORA process is the sequence of steps followed by a client to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.

• DORA stands for Discover, Offer, Request, and Acknowledge.

• Discover: Client broadcasts a DHCP Discover message to find available DHCP servers.

• Offer: DHCP servers respond with DHCP Offer messages containing IP address lease information.

• Request: Client selects one DHCP Offer and sends a DHCP Request message to reques...read more

2G, 3G, and 5G are different generations of mobile network technology.

• 2G refers to second-generation mobile network technology, which primarily provided voice and basic data services.

• 3G refers to third-generation mobile network technology, which introduced faster data speeds and enabled mobile internet access.

• 5G refers to fifth-generation mobile network technology, which offers significantly faster data speeds, lower l...read more

The HTTPS port number is 443.

• HTTPS uses port 443 for secure communication.

• It is the default port for secure HTTP connections.

• HTTPS encrypts data using SSL/TLS protocols.

• Examples: https://www.example.com:443 or https://192.168.0.1:443

The HTTP port number is 80.

• The default port number for HTTP is 80.

• It is used for communication between web servers and clients.

• Other common port numbers for HTTP include 8080 and 8888.

SSH port number is 22. SSH service is used for secure remote access and secure file transfer.

• SSH port number is 22 by default

• SSH stands for Secure Shell

• SSH service provides secure remote access to servers

• It encrypts the data transmitted over the network

• SSH service is used for secure file transfer (SFTP) and remote command execution

• It provides authentication and encryption for secure communication

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven layers.

• Layer 1 (Physical): Deals with the physical transmission of data over the network.

• Layer 2 (Data Link): Provides error-free transmission of data frames between nodes on the same network.

• Layer 3 (Network): Handles routing and logical addressing to enable data transfer between different networks.

• Layer 4 (Tra...read more

The TCP/IP model is a network protocol suite that defines how data is transmitted over the internet.

• The TCP/IP model consists of four layers: Network Interface, Internet, Transport, and Application.

• It is used in the current scenario because it provides a standardized framework for communication between devices on a network.

• The TCP/IP model allows for reliable and efficient data transmission, ensuring that data packets ...read more

DTP (Dynamic Trunking Protocol) is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to negotiate trunking between switches.

• DTP is used to automatically negotiate trunking on a link between Cisco switches.

• It allows switches to dynamically form trunk links without manual configuration.

• DTP operates in three modes: dynamic auto, dynamic desirable, and trunk.

• Dynamic auto mode waits for the other end to initiate trunking.

• Dynamic desirable ...read more

I have worked on various router devices and vendors.

• Cisco routers (e.g. Cisco 2900 series)

• Juniper routers (e.g. Juniper MX series)

• Huawei routers (e.g. Huawei NE series)

• MikroTik routers (e.g. MikroTik RB series)