20+ Senior QA Lead Interview Questions and Answers

I would prioritize the bug based on its severity and impact on the build release.

• Assess the severity and impact of the bug on the build release timeline.

• Communicate with the development team to understand the root cause of the bug.

• Determine if a quick fix can be implemented within the 2-hour timeframe.

• If a quick fix is not possible, evaluate the option of delaying the build release or releasing with the known bug.

• Document the bug and its impact on the build release for future...read more

Test cases are decided based on complexity, frequency, and stability of the feature. Automated tests are preferred for repetitive tasks.

• Complexity of the feature determines if manual or automated testing is required

• Frequency of execution is considered to decide if automation is needed

• Stability of the feature is also taken into account while deciding on manual or automated testing

• Automated tests are preferred for repetitive tasks to save time and effort

• Challenges faced in the ...read more

API estimation techniques involve breaking down the API testing tasks into smaller components and estimating the effort required for each.

• Break down API testing tasks into smaller components

• Estimate effort required for each component

• Consider factors like complexity, dependencies, and resources

• Use techniques like expert judgment, historical data, and analogy-based estimation

• Example: Function Point Analysis, Three-Point Estimation, Delphi Technique

We used the Selenium framework in our last project for test automation.

• Selenium WebDriver was used for automating web application testing

• TestNG was used for test case management and execution

• Page Object Model design pattern was implemented for better code maintenance

Reverse a string without using StringBuilder by converting it to char array and swapping characters.

• Convert the string to a char array

• Use two pointers, one at the beginning and one at the end, to swap characters until they meet in the middle

• Repeat the swapping process until the entire string is reversed

API automation codes for Authorization and Authentication

• Use libraries like RestAssured or Postman for API testing

• Implement OAuth2 for authorization and JWT for authentication

• Write test cases to validate successful and unsuccessful authorization/authentication scenarios

Framework dissection involves analyzing the structure, components, and functionality in detail.

• Identify the different layers of the framework (e.g. presentation, business logic, data access)

• Examine the design patterns used in the framework (e.g. MVC, MVVM)

• Analyze the dependencies between modules and components

• Evaluate the testability and maintainability of the framework

• Review the integration of third-party tools and libraries

Find length and reverse of a string

• Use the length() method to find the length of the string

• Use StringBuilder class to reverse the string

• Example: String str = 'hello'; int length = str.length(); StringBuilder reversed = new StringBuilder(str).reverse();

WAP to reverse a string while preserving spaces

• Iterate through the string and store characters in an array

• Reverse the array while keeping track of spaces

• Join the array back into a string and return

A simple program to delete the first and last characters of a string.

• Create a function that takes a string as input

• Use string slicing to remove the first and last characters

• Return the modified string

Experience with Rest Assured and BDD frameworks is essential for Senior QA Lead role.

• Strong background in Rest Assured for API testing

• Experience in implementing BDD frameworks like Cucumber for test automation

• Ability to write clear and concise test scenarios using Gherkin syntax

• Understanding of how to integrate Rest Assured with BDD frameworks for efficient testing

• Knowledge of best practices for API testing and test automation

QMS stands for Quality Management System.

• QMS is a set of policies, processes, and procedures that ensure quality in products or services.

• It helps in meeting customer requirements and regulatory standards.

• QMS includes activities like quality planning, quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvement.

• ISO 9001 is a popular QMS standard used by organizations worldwide.

Different types of machining processes and common defects

• Types of machining processes include turning, milling, drilling, grinding, etc.

• Common defects in machining include surface roughness, dimensional inaccuracies, tool wear, etc.

• Examples: Chip formation in turning, burrs in drilling, chatter marks in milling

Verification ensures that the product is built according to the requirements while validation ensures that the product meets the customer's needs.

• Verification checks if the product is built correctly while validation checks if the right product is built.

• Verification is a process of evaluating documents, plans, code, and specifications while validation is a process of evaluating the final product.

• Verification is done before validation.

• Example of verification: reviewing a softw...read more

Count the number of repetitive words in a string.

• Split the string into an array of words

• Create a dictionary to store the count of each word

• Iterate through the array and update the count in the dictionary

• Count the number of words with count greater than 1

A stale exception occurs when a test script tries to interact with an element that is no longer available or has changed.

• Occurs when an element referenced in a test script is no longer present on the webpage

• Commonly seen in automated testing when the DOM structure changes dynamically

• Can be resolved by updating the test script to handle the new element structure

• May also occur if the element's properties have changed, such as ID or class name

Automation framework setup is preferred for efficiency and scalability in QA processes.

• Automation framework setup is preferred for repetitive tasks and regression testing.

• Coding may be necessary for custom test cases or complex scenarios.

• Frameworks like Selenium, Appium, and TestNG are commonly used in automation testing.

• Automation frameworks help in reducing manual effort and increasing test coverage.

Code to swap two strings in an array

• Create a temporary variable to store one of the strings

• Assign the value of the first string to the second string

• Assign the value of the temporary variable to the first string

Implementing reports using code

• Use a reporting library like JasperReports or BIRT

• Design report templates with data sources and parameters

• Write SQL queries to fetch data for reports

• Generate reports in desired format (PDF, Excel, etc.)

ISO is a generic standard for quality management while IATF is a specific standard for automotive industry.

• ISO focuses on customer satisfaction and continuous improvement while IATF focuses on specific requirements for automotive industry

• IATF requires compliance with ISO 9001 and adds additional requirements specific to automotive industry

• IATF certification is required for automotive suppliers to do business with major automotive manufacturers

• ISO certification is applicable t...read more

Extensive experience in banking domain with expertise in testing various banking applications.

• Worked on testing core banking systems such as Finacle and Flexcube

• Experience in testing online banking platforms for retail and corporate customers

• Knowledge of regulatory compliance requirements in banking sector

• Familiarity with payment processing systems and security protocols

• Collaborated with business analysts and developers to ensure quality of banking software

Project framework is a structure that provides guidelines, best practices, and tools for managing a project.

• Project framework defines project scope, objectives, deliverables, timelines, and resources.

• It includes processes, methodologies, and tools used to plan, execute, monitor, and control the project.

• Examples of project frameworks include Agile, Waterfall, Scrum, and Kanban.

Defect age refers to the time elapsed between the identification of a defect and its resolution.

• Defect age is calculated by subtracting the date the defect was reported from the date it was fixed.

• It is important to track defect age to ensure timely resolution and prevent accumulation of old defects.

• Monitoring defect age helps in identifying trends and areas for improvement in the QA process.

Framework design is the process of creating a structured approach to software development and testing.

• Framework design involves defining the structure, components, and interactions of a software testing framework.

• It includes selecting the appropriate tools, technologies, and methodologies for the framework.

• Frameworks can be data-driven, keyword-driven, or hybrid, depending on the requirements of the project.

• Examples of testing frameworks include Selenium, TestNG, JUnit, and C...read more

FMEA scoring is a method to prioritize risks based on their severity, occurrence, and detection.

• FMEA scoring helps identify high-risk areas that require immediate attention.

• The scoring is based on three factors: severity, occurrence, and detection.

• Each factor is scored on a scale of 1-10, with 10 being the highest risk.

• The scores are multiplied to give a risk priority number (RPN).

• The higher the RPN, the higher the priority for risk mitigation.

• For example, if a failure mode h...read more

Parsing JSON data in an interview setting

• Understand the structure of the JSON data

• Identify key-value pairs

• Use a JSON parser or tool to parse the data