90+ Shiv Shakti Vegitable Products Interview Questions and Answers

Initiating a test with less knowledge in requirement

• Start by analyzing the available information and identifying the critical areas to be tested

• Collaborate with the development team to gain a better understanding of the system

• Use exploratory testing techniques to uncover potential issues

• Create test cases based on the information gathered and execute them

• Continuously learn and update your knowledge as you test

Some techniques I will follow while testing include black box testing, white box testing, regression testing, and exploratory testing.

• Black box testing - testing the functionality of the software without knowing its internal code

• White box testing - testing the internal code and structure of the software

• Regression testing - retesting the software after changes to ensure that existing functionalities still work

• Exploratory testing - exploring the software without predefined test...read more

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application to ensure it meets specified requirements. Regression testing is retesting software after changes to ensure no new bugs are introduced. Functionality testing is testing the functionality of the software. Defect tracking is the process of identifying, reporting, and managing defects found during testing.

• Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application to ensure it meets specified requireme...read more

To switch between tabs in a browser using Selenium, we can use the getWindowHandles() method and switchTo() method.

• Use getWindowHandles() method to get the handles of all open tabs

• Store the handles in a Set

• Use switchTo() method to switch to a specific tab by passing the handle as an argument

The main thing a test engineer should have is attention to detail.

• Attention to detail is crucial for identifying and fixing bugs in software.

• Strong analytical skills are necessary for understanding complex systems.

• Good communication skills are important for collaborating with developers and other team members.

• Knowledge of testing tools and techniques is essential for efficient testing.

• Ability to prioritize tasks and manage time effectively is key for meeting deadlines.

I would analyze the defect, prioritize it based on severity, communicate with the development team, and work on fixing it promptly.

• Analyze the defect to understand the root cause

• Prioritize the defect based on severity and impact on the customer

• Communicate with the development team to discuss the defect and potential solutions

• Work on fixing the defect promptly to ensure customer satisfaction

Regression testing is done to ensure new code changes do not adversely affect existing functionality, while retesting is done to verify that a specific bug has been fixed.

• Regression testing is performed on previously tested software to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.

• Retesting is done to verify that a specific bug has been fixed after it has been reported and resolved.

• Bug is a flaw or error in a software system that causes it to...read more

White box testing is a testing technique where the internal structure, design, and code of the software being tested is known to the tester.

• White box testing is also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, or structural testing.

• It involves testing the internal logic and structure of the code.

• Testers need to have knowledge of the code to perform white box testing effectively.

• Examples of white box testing techniques include statement coverage, branch coverage, and path c...read more

Bug life cycle is the process of a bug from identification to resolution. Sanity and smoke testing are initial tests to check basic functionality. Regression testing ensures new code doesn't break existing features. Re-testing is testing a bug fix.

• Bug life cycle involves identification, reporting, prioritization, fixing, retesting, and closing of a bug.

• Sanity testing is a narrow regression test to ensure basic functionality works after changes.

• Smoke testing is a broader test ...read more

Test cases for phone pay login page

• Verify valid login credentials successfully log in

• Verify invalid login credentials display error message

• Verify forgot password link redirects to password reset page

Discuss with the developer to understand their perspective and provide additional information or evidence to support the bug report.

• Initiate a discussion with the developer to understand their reasoning for not accepting the bug.

• Provide additional information or evidence to support the bug report, such as screenshots, logs, or test cases.

• Collaborate with the developer to reproduce the issue and demonstrate the bug in action.

• Seek input from other team members or stakeholders t...read more

I would gather information from stakeholders, previous test cases, and the application itself to write test cases without documents.

• Consult with stakeholders to gather requirements and functionality details

• Review previous test cases and test plans for similar features

• Explore the application to understand its functionality and potential areas for testing

• Use experience and knowledge of testing best practices to create comprehensive test cases

Pandas and Numpy are Python libraries used for data manipulation and analysis. Gaussian distribution is a probability distribution.

• Pandas is used for data manipulation and analysis, including data cleaning, merging, and reshaping.

• Numpy is used for numerical operations on arrays and matrices.

• Gaussian distribution is a probability distribution that is commonly used in statistics and data analysis.

• Numpy provides functions for generating random numbers that follow a Gaussian dist...read more

Designing test cases using pen involves outlining steps, expected results, and input data.

• Start by identifying the functionality to be tested

• Outline steps to test the functionality

• Define expected results for each step

• Include input data and conditions for each test case

• Document test cases clearly for easy reference

I generally use tools like Selenium, JIRA, Jenkins, and Git for test automation and management.

• Selenium for test automation

• JIRA for issue tracking

• Jenkins for continuous integration

• Git for version control

Count the number of repeated integers in an array

• Iterate through the array and use a hash table to keep track of the count of each number

• Return the count of numbers with a count greater than 1

Regression testing is the process of retesting modified software to ensure that the existing functionalities are not affected.

• Regression testing is performed after making changes to the software to ensure that the modifications have not introduced new bugs or issues.

• It involves re-executing previously executed test cases to verify that the existing functionalities still work as expected.

• Regression testing helps in identifying any unintended side effects of code changes.

• It ens...read more

Yes, I am okay with rotational shifts as I understand the nature of the job requires flexibility.

• I am comfortable with working different shifts as needed

• I understand the importance of being flexible in a testing role

• I have previous experience working in rotational shifts in a similar position

Code to give rating in webtable for given applicant name and rating as input.

• Create a function that takes applicant name and rating as input.

• Search for the applicant name in the webtable.

• Update the rating for the applicant in the webtable.

• Return the updated webtable.

Defect tracking tools are software applications used to track, manage, and prioritize software defects found during testing.

• Defect tracking tools help testers log, monitor, and communicate about defects in a systematic way

• They allow for assigning, tracking, and resolving defects efficiently

• Common defect tracking tools include Jira, Bugzilla, HP ALM, and Trello

I will cover various types of testing including functional, non-functional, manual, automated, regression, performance, security, and usability testing.

• Functional testing - ensuring the software functions correctly according to requirements

• Non-functional testing - testing aspects like performance, security, and usability

• Manual testing - testing performed manually by testers

• Automated testing - using tools to automate test cases

• Regression testing - testing to ensure new code ch...read more

SQL code to generate tournament schedule for 4 countries each having 1 match with an opponent

• Create a table with country names and match opponents

• Use a SELECT statement to display the tournament schedule for each country

Key data points to consider for opening restaurants

• Location demographics and foot traffic

• Competitor analysis and market saturation

• Consumer preferences and trends

• Economic factors and disposable income levels

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software product to find defects and ensure it meets requirements.

• SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is the process of developing software, while STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) is the process of testing software.

• Basic Java knowledge is important for software testing as many testing tools are written in Java.

• Software testing includes functional testing, performance testing, security testing, and more.

• Testing can be done m...read more

Sign off is the approval given by stakeholders to release the product. Conditional sign off is given with some conditions.

• Sign off is the final approval given by stakeholders to release the product.

• It indicates that the product has met all the requirements and is ready for release.

• Conditional sign off is given when there are some minor issues that need to be fixed before release.

• It means that the stakeholders approve the product with some conditions that need to be met before...read more

I faced a technical challenge while implementing a complex algorithm for real-time data processing.

• Identified the bottleneck in the algorithm by profiling the code

• Optimized the algorithm by implementing data structures and algorithms with lower time complexity

• Tested the optimized solution thoroughly to ensure correctness and performance

• Collaborated with team members to brainstorm alternative approaches

Ad hoc testing is an informal and unplanned testing approach without any specific test cases or plans.

• It is performed without any formal documentation or planning

• It is usually done to find defects that are not found in normal test cases

• It is an exploratory testing approach

• It is not repeatable or consistent

• It is useful for testing user interfaces and usability

• Example: Clicking on random buttons on a website to see if they work

• Example: Trying different inputs in a search bar to...read more

Regression testing is the process of retesting modified software to ensure that the existing functionalities are not affected.

• Regression testing is performed after making changes to the software to ensure that the changes do not introduce new bugs or break existing functionality.

• It helps in identifying any unintended side effects of the changes made.

• Regression testing can be done manually or using automated testing tools.

• Examples of regression testing tools include Selenium, ...read more

SQL code to retrieve 2nd order for each customer for each day

• Use a subquery to rank orders for each customer by date

• Filter the results to only include the 2nd order for each customer for each day

I communicate with stakeholders, analyze root causes, adjust timelines/resources, and implement process improvements.

• Communicate with stakeholders to manage expectations and discuss potential solutions

• Analyze root causes of the delivery not meeting expectations

• Adjust timelines or allocate additional resources if necessary

• Implement process improvements to prevent similar issues in the future

Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects. SDLC is the software development life cycle, while STLC is the software testing life cycle.

• Manual testing involves executing test cases manually without using any automation tools.

• SDLC is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test software.

• STLC is a subset of SDLC focused on activities related to testing, such as test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

Requirement Traceability Matrix is a document that links requirements throughout the validation process.

• It is used to ensure that all requirements are met during testing.

• It helps in tracking the progress of requirements from inception to implementation.

• It provides a way to trace back to the source of each requirement.

• Example: If a specific requirement fails during testing, the matrix helps in identifying the source of that requirement.

Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects without the use of automation tools.

• Involves executing test cases manually without automation tools

• Requires human intervention to verify software functionality

• Helps in identifying defects that may be missed by automated testing

• Can be time-consuming but provides thorough testing coverage

Defect life cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, fixing, retesting, and closing defects in software testing.

• Defect identification: Defects are identified through testing or user feedback.

• Defect reporting: Defects are reported in a defect tracking tool with details like severity, priority, and steps to reproduce.

• Defect fixing: Developers address the reported defects by making necessary code changes.

• Defect retesting: Testers verify that the fixed defects are resolved...read more

I believe testing is crucial for ensuring the quality and reliability of software products.

• Testing helps identify bugs and issues early in the development process.

• It ensures that the software meets the requirements and functions as expected.

• Different types of testing, such as unit testing, integration testing, and regression testing, are important for comprehensive coverage.

• Automation testing can help improve efficiency and accuracy of testing processes.

SQL and Query Structured are essential for a Test Engineer.

• Test Engineers use SQL to query databases and validate data.

• They use Query Structured Language to create and execute test cases.

• SQL and Query Structured are used to verify data integrity and functionality.

• Test Engineers must have a strong understanding of SQL and Query Structured Language.

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle and STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle.

• SDLC is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• STLC is a subset of SDLC focused specifically on the activities related to testing the software.

• SDLC includes phases like planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance.

• STLC includes phases like test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

Testing is the process of evaluating a product or system to identify defects and ensure it meets requirements.

• Testing involves executing a product or system with the intent of finding defects.

• It is important to have a clear understanding of the requirements and expected behavior before testing.

• Testing can be done manually or with the use of automated tools.

• Types of testing include functional, performance, security, and usability testing.

• Defects found during testing should be ...read more

Testing is necessary to ensure that software meets requirements, functions correctly, and is reliable.

• Identify defects and bugs in the software

• Ensure software meets functional and non-functional requirements

• Verify that software works as expected in different scenarios

• Increase confidence in the quality of the software

• Reduce the risk of software failures in production

• Examples: testing a banking application to ensure transactions are processed accurately, testing a medical devic...read more

Severity priority is a way to classify and prioritize issues based on their impact and urgency.

• Severity refers to the impact of an issue on the system or users

• Priority refers to the urgency of fixing the issue

• Issues with high severity and high priority should be addressed first

• Examples: A critical bug that causes system crashes would have high severity and priority

• Examples: A minor cosmetic issue may have low severity and priority

Key performance indicators (KPIs) and metrics play a crucial role in measuring Zomato's success.

• Customer retention rate

• Order accuracy rate

• Average order value

• Number of active users

• Delivery time

• Customer satisfaction score

Testing is needed to ensure that software meets requirements, functions correctly, and is reliable.

• Identify defects and bugs in the software

• Ensure software meets functional and non-functional requirements

• Verify that software works as expected in different scenarios

• Increase confidence in the quality of the software

• Reduce the risk of software failures in production

• Improve user satisfaction and trust in the software

• Examples: Testing a banking application to ensure transactions a...read more

Java has four pillars: Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction, and Polymorphism.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Encapsulation is the practice of hiding data and methods within a class.

• Abstraction is the process of hiding implementation details while showing only the necessary information.

• Polymorphism allows objects to take on multiple forms or behaviors.

• Example: A car class can inherit properties from a vehicle class, encapsula...read more

Smoke testing is a quick check to verify if the build is stable enough for further testing, while regression testing is a comprehensive testing to ensure that changes made to the software did not affect the existing functionality.

• Smoke testing is done to check the basic functionality of the application after a new build is released

• Regression testing is done to ensure that the changes made to the software did not affect the existing functionality

• Smoke testing is a subset of re...read more

Explaining the functionality and purpose of a specific application

• Describe the main features of the application

• Explain how the application is used

• Discuss the benefits of using the application

Yes, I am willing to relocate for the right opportunity.

• I am open to relocating for a better career prospect

• I have relocated in the past for job opportunities

• I am flexible and willing to adapt to new environments

Smoke testing is a quick test to check if the build is stable, while sanity testing is a subset of regression testing to verify specific functionalities.

• Smoke testing is done to ensure the critical functionalities of the application are working fine after a new build.

• Sanity testing is performed to verify that the specific changes made in the code are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is a subset of acceptance testing, while sanity testing is a subset of regression testing.

• Smo...read more

Project metrics are tracked using tools like Jira and Excel, focusing on key performance indicators such as test coverage, defect density, and test execution progress.

• Utilize tools like Jira and Excel to track project metrics

• Focus on key performance indicators such as test coverage, defect density, and test execution progress

• Regularly update and analyze the metrics to identify trends and areas for improvement

useState is for managing state within a component, useContext is for sharing state between components, and redux is for managing global state across the application.

• useState is a React hook used to manage state within a functional component

• useContext is a React hook used to share state between components without prop drilling

• Redux is a state management library that allows for managing global state across the application

• useState is local to a component, useContext can be used ...read more

Dynamic xpath is a technique used in test automation to locate web elements based on changing attributes or properties.

• Dynamic xpath is useful when the attributes or properties of web elements are not static

• It allows testers to write flexible and robust test scripts

• Dynamic xpath can be used to handle scenarios where web elements have dynamic IDs, classes, or other attributes

• It helps in maintaining test scripts when the structure of the web page changes

Types of software testing include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

• Unit testing: Testing individual components or modules of the software.

• Integration testing: Testing how different modules work together.

• System testing: Testing the entire system as a whole.

• Acceptance testing: Testing to ensure the software meets the requirements of the end users.

I play a variety of games across different genres and platforms.

• I enjoy playing first-person shooters like Call of Duty and Battlefield.

• I also like playing open-world games like Grand Theft Auto and Red Dead Redemption.

• I am a fan of strategy games like Civilization and Age of Empires.

• I occasionally play sports games like FIFA and NBA 2K.

• I play games on both console and PC platforms.

Find the second largest element in a Python array

• Sort the array in descending order

• Return the element at index 1, which is the second largest element

Playwright is a Node.js library for browser automation that allows you to write reliable and maintainable tests.

• Playwright supports multiple browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, and WebKit.

• It provides a single API to automate web applications across different browsers.

• Playwright has built-in support for headless mode, network interception, and device emulation.

• It allows you to take screenshots, record videos, and trace network activity during test execution.

Config file in Playwright is used to store settings and configurations for the automation tests.

• Config file is typically a JSON or JavaScript file where you can define settings such as browser type, launch options, timeouts, etc.

• It helps in centralizing and managing configurations for multiple tests.

• Example: playwright.config.js file in Playwright project.

Testing types include functional, non-functional, manual, automated, regression, performance, and security testing.

• Functional testing ensures that the software functions correctly according to the requirements.

• Non-functional testing focuses on aspects like performance, usability, and security.

• Manual testing involves testers executing test cases manually without automation tools.

• Automated testing uses tools to automate the execution of test cases.

• Regression testing checks if n...read more

UAT testing stands for User Acceptance Testing, where end users validate the system before it goes live.

• UAT testing is the final phase of testing before the system is released to end users.

• It involves real users testing the system to ensure it meets their requirements.

• UAT testing helps identify any issues or bugs that were missed during earlier testing phases.

• It is crucial for ensuring the system is user-friendly and meets business needs.

• Examples: End users testing a new soft...read more

Event loop in Node.js manages asynchronous operations by executing callback functions when certain events occur.

• Node.js uses a single-threaded event loop architecture to handle multiple concurrent operations.

• Event loop continuously checks the call stack for any functions to execute, along with handling I/O operations asynchronously.

• Concurrency in Node.js is achieved through non-blocking I/O operations, allowing multiple tasks to be executed simultaneously.

• Example: When a file...read more

Window functions in SQL are used to perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row.

• Window functions are used to calculate values based on a set of rows related to the current row

• They can be used with aggregate functions like SUM, AVG, COUNT, etc.

• Common window functions include ROW_NUMBER, RANK, DENSE_RANK, LEAD, LAG, etc.

Agile methodology is a project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and iterative development.

• Agile focuses on delivering working software in short, iterative cycles called sprints.

• It values customer collaboration and responding to change over following a strict plan.

• Teams work closely together and adapt to feedback throughout the development process.

• Common Agile frameworks include Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP).

Bug life cycle involves identification, reporting, fixing, retesting, and closing of a software bug.

• Bug identification: Finding and documenting the bug.

• Bug reporting: Informing the development team about the bug.

• Bug fixing: Resolving the bug by developers.

• Bug retesting: Verifying if the bug is fixed.

• Bug closing: Marking the bug as resolved.

• Example: A tester finds a login issue, reports it to developers, they fix it, tester retests, and finally closes the bug.

Scenario: Testing the login functionality of a banking application

• Create test cases for valid username and password

• Create test cases for invalid username and password

• Test for maximum character limit for username and password fields

• Test for special characters in username and password fields

Types of testings include functional testing, non-functional testing, manual testing, automated testing, regression testing, and performance testing.

• Functional testing: Testing the functionality of the software against the requirements.

• Non-functional testing: Testing aspects like performance, usability, and security.

• Manual testing: Testing performed manually by testers.

• Automated testing: Testing using automated tools and scripts.

• Regression testing: Testing to ensure that new ...read more

My daily approach to testing involves thorough planning, executing test cases, documenting results, and collaborating with team members.

• I start by reviewing requirements and creating test cases

• I execute test cases manually or using automation tools

• I document test results and report any issues found

• I collaborate with developers and other team members to ensure quality standards are met

Developing a test strategy involves defining objectives, identifying test types, prioritizing tests, and creating a plan.

• Define objectives and goals of testing

• Identify types of tests to be conducted (e.g. functional, performance, security)

• Prioritize tests based on risk and criticality

• Create a detailed test plan outlining resources, timelines, and responsibilities

Scrum agile practices involve iterative development, self-organizing teams, and regular feedback.

• Scrum is an agile framework for managing work on complex projects.

• It emphasizes iterative development, with small, self-organizing teams working in short cycles called sprints.

• Regular feedback from stakeholders is crucial for adapting and improving the product.

• Key roles in Scrum include Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Development Team.

• Common Scrum events include Sprint Planning, ...read more

JavaScript frameworks provide pre-written code to simplify and speed up web development.

• Helps in organizing code and improving code quality

• Provides reusable components for faster development

• Offers built-in features like routing, state management, and data binding

• Examples: React, Angular, Vue

The difference between == and === in JavaScript

• == is the equality operator in JavaScript, which performs type coercion before comparing two values

• === is the strict equality operator, which does not perform type coercion and compares both value and type

• Using === is generally considered safer and more predictable than using ==

• Example: 1 == '1' will return true, but 1 === '1' will return false

Text extraction techniques in NLP involve methods to identify and extract relevant information from unstructured text data.

• Tokenization: Breaking text into smaller units such as words or sentences.

• Named Entity Recognition (NER): Identifying and classifying named entities like names, dates, and locations.

• Part-of-Speech (POS) Tagging: Assigning grammatical tags to words based on their role in a sentence.

• Dependency Parsing: Analyzing the grammatical structure of a sentence to id...read more

Parallel execution can be achieved by running multiple test cases simultaneously to save time and increase efficiency.

• Use test automation frameworks like TestNG or JUnit to run tests in parallel

• Configure test suites to run in parallel using tools like Selenium Grid

• Leverage cloud-based testing platforms for parallel execution

• Use tools like Jenkins to schedule and execute tests in parallel

To run playwright test, use the 'npx playwright test' command in the terminal.

• Open the terminal

• Navigate to the directory where your test files are located

• Run the command 'npx playwright test' to execute the tests

Calculating week on week change in SQL involves using functions like LAG and DATE functions.

• Use LAG function to get the previous week's data

• Calculate the difference between current week and previous week's data

• Use DATE functions to handle date calculations

• Consider using window functions for efficient calculations

Window functions in SQL are used to perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row.

• Use the RANK() function to assign a unique rank to each row within a partition of a result set.

• You can use the PARTITION BY clause to divide the result set into partitions to rank separately within each partition.

• Example: SELECT column1, column2, RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY column1 ORDER BY column2) AS rank_column FROM table_name;

Google search engine works by crawling and indexing web pages, and then ranking them based on relevance and authority.

• Google uses automated programs called spiders to crawl the web and discover new pages.

• The information from these pages is then indexed and stored in Google's database.

• When a user enters a search query, Google's algorithm determines the most relevant results based on factors like keywords, backlinks, and user experience.

• The search results are ranked based on re...read more

One business understanding problem is identifying customer churn reasons in a subscription-based service.

• Analyze customer data to identify patterns or trends leading to churn

• Utilize predictive modeling to forecast potential churn

• Implement targeted retention strategies based on findings

• Monitor and track the effectiveness of retention efforts

Reactjs is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.

• Developed by Facebook

• Uses a virtual DOM for efficient updates

• Component-based architecture

• Supports server-side rendering

• Can be used with other libraries and frameworks

Agile methodology is an iterative approach to software development that emphasizes flexibility and customer satisfaction.

• Scrum

• Kanban

• Extreme Programming (XP)

• Crystal

• Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM)

Angular is a popular open-source web application framework developed by Google.

• Developed by Google

• Used for building single-page web applications

• Uses TypeScript for building applications

• Supports two-way data binding

• Has a component-based architecture

Data binding is the process of connecting data sources to user interface elements in a software application.

• Data binding allows for automatic synchronization of data between the source and the target UI element.

• It eliminates the need for manual updating of UI elements when the data changes.

• Examples include binding a database query result to a table in a web application or binding a model property to a text box in a desktop application.

Test cases for AC

• Verify AC turns on when power button is pressed

• Check if AC cools the room to the desired temperature

• Test if AC shuts off automatically when the room is cool enough

• Ensure AC displays error message when filter needs cleaning

• Verify remote control works properly with AC

The candidate should be able to discuss their current salary and their expected salary for the new role.

• Discuss current salary and benefits package

• Explain expected salary based on market research and experience

• Negotiate if necessary to reach a mutually beneficial agreement

String pattern matching using Data Structures and Algorithms

• Use algorithms like KMP or Rabin-Karp for efficient string pattern matching

• Understand the concept of prefix function and how it helps in pattern matching

• Consider using dynamic programming for solving string pattern matching problems

Window function query on lead is used to retrieve the next row in a result set.

• Lead() function is used to access data from the next row in a result set.

• It is commonly used in scenarios where you need to compare data from the current row with data from the next row.

• Example: SELECT column_name, LEAD(column_name, 1) OVER (ORDER BY column_name) AS next_value FROM table_name;

Check if a given string is a palindrome in Python.

• Use string slicing to reverse the string and compare it with the original string.

• Remove any spaces and convert all characters to lowercase for accurate comparison.

• Example: 'radar' is a palindrome, 'hello' is not.

Move all 0's to the end of the list in an array of strings

• Iterate through the array and move all 0's to the end while maintaining the order of other elements

• Use two pointers approach to swap 0's with non-zero elements

SQL is a programming language used for managing and manipulating relational databases.

• SQL stands for Structured Query Language

• It is used to create, modify, and query databases

• Common SQL commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE

• SQL can be used with various database management systems such as MySQL, Oracle, and SQL Server

Manual testing of test involves executing test cases without the use of automation tools.

• Manual testing is done by human testers without the use of automation tools.

• Test cases are executed step by step to ensure the software functions as expected.

• Manual testing is time-consuming but can uncover user experience issues that automated tests may miss.

Customer retention in SQL involves analyzing data to understand customer behavior and improve strategies to retain customers.

• Use SQL queries to analyze customer retention rates over time

• Identify factors influencing customer churn and retention

• Segment customers based on behavior to tailor retention strategies

• Calculate metrics like retention rate, churn rate, and lifetime value of customers

API stands for Application Programming Interface, which allows different software applications to communicate with each other.

• APIs define the methods and data formats that applications can use to request and exchange information.

• They allow developers to access the functionality of a system or service without needing to understand its internal workings.

• Examples of APIs include Google Maps API for integrating maps into applications, Twitter API for accessing tweets and user dat...read more