Merative Automation Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Difference between absolute and relative Xpath
Ans. 
Absolute Xpath starts from the root element, while relative Xpath starts from any node in the DOM structure.
• Absolute Xpath starts with a single forward slash (/) and starts selection from the root node.

• Relative Xpath starts with a double forward slash (//) and starts selection from the current node or any node in the DOM structure.

• Absolute Xpath is more brittle and prone to breaking if the structure of the page changes...read more
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Q2. What would be return if multiple tabs are open
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The return would be the number of tabs open in the browser.
• The return value would be an integer representing the count of open tabs.

• For example, if there are 5 tabs open, the return value would be 5.
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Q3. What are the waits in selenium
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Types of waits in Selenium include Implicit Wait, Explicit Wait, and Fluent Wait.
• Implicit Wait: Waits for a certain amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException.

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code.

• Fluent Wait: Waits for a condition to be true with a defined polling frequency.

• Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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Q4. Exceptions in selenium
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Exceptions in Selenium are errors that occur during test execution, disrupting the flow of the test script.
• Exceptions are thrown when there is an unexpected behavior in the application under test or in the test script itself.

• Common exceptions in Selenium include NoSuchElementException, ElementNotVisibleException, TimeoutException, and StaleElementReferenceException.

• Handling exceptions in Selenium can be done using try-...read more
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Q5. What is feature and step definitions in cucumber BDD
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Feature files contain high-level description of the functionality to be tested, while step definitions are the implementation of the steps in the feature file using code.
• Feature files are written in Gherkin syntax and describe the behavior of the application in plain text.

• Step definitions are written in programming languages like Java, Ruby, etc., and map the steps in the feature file to automation code.

• Feature files a...read more
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Q6. How to input data in cucumber
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Data can be input in Cucumber using feature files and step definitions.
• Data can be input in feature files using scenarios and scenario outlines

• Step definitions can be used to define the actions to be taken with the input data

• Data tables can be used in feature files to input structured data

• Examples keyword can be used in scenario outlines to provide multiple sets of input data
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Q7. Basic Java questions like access modifiers, method overloading and overriding
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Q8. What is Test case, Test plan and Test Secenarios
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Test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether a system under test satisfies requirements. Test plan is a document outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of testing activities. Test scenarios are detailed descriptions of possible interactions with the system.
• Test case: specific conditions to be tested, expected results, steps to execute

• Test plan: overall strate...read more
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Q9. Hooks in Java
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Hooks in Java are methods that allow subclasses to override or extend the behavior of a superclass.
• Hooks are commonly used in frameworks like JUnit and TestNG for test automation.

• They are often used for setup and teardown operations before and after test methods.

• Examples include @Before, @After, @BeforeClass, and @AfterClass annotations in JUnit.
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Q1. What is a constructor and it's purpose?
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A constructor is a special type of method in a class that is automatically called when an object of that class is created.
• Constructors have the same name as the class they belong to

• They are used to initialize the object's state or perform any necessary setup

• Constructors can have parameters to customize the initialization process

• Example: public class Car { public Car(String color) { this.color = color; } }
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Q2. Can you override a Static Method?
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Yes, a static method can be overridden in Java using the concept of method hiding.
• In Java, static methods cannot be overridden in the traditional sense like instance methods.

• When a subclass defines a static method with the same signature as a static method in the superclass, it is called method hiding.

• Method hiding does not follow polymorphism and is resolved at compile time based on the reference type.

• Example: class...read more
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Q3. Can you create a Static local variable inside a Static method
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Yes, a static local variable can be created inside a static method.
• Yes, a static local variable can be declared inside a static method in programming languages like C++.

• Static local variables retain their values between function calls.

• Example: static void myStaticMethod() { static int count = 0; count++; }
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Q4. What is the memory allocation for a String?
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String memory allocation is dynamic and depends on the length of the string.
• String memory allocation is dynamic and can change based on the length of the string.

• In Java, a String object is stored in the heap memory.

• Each character in a String typically takes up 2 bytes of memory.

• String objects in Java are immutable, meaning once a String object is created, it cannot be changed.
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Q5. Can you create a Static method inside an Abstract class or Interface?
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Yes, you can create a static method inside an abstract class or interface.
• Static methods can be defined in interfaces since Java 8.

• Static methods in interfaces are used for providing utility methods that are not tied to any specific instance of the interface.

• Static methods in abstract classes can be used for common functionality that does not require an instance of the class.
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Q6. What is the Parent class of Java?
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The parent class of Java is the Object class.
• All classes in Java are directly or indirectly derived from the Object class.

• The Object class is the root class in Java's class hierarchy.

• It provides methods that are common to all objects in Java, such as toString(), equals(), and hashCode().
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Q7. What is Window Handles in Selenium?
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Window Handles in Selenium are unique identifiers used to handle multiple browser windows in a Selenium test script.
• Window Handles are unique alphanumeric strings assigned to each browser window opened by Selenium.

• They are used to switch between different browser windows during a test script execution.

• Window Handles can be obtained using getWindowHandles() method in Selenium.

• Example: Set handles = driver.getWindowHandl
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Q1. Appium architecture
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Q2. Java oops concepts n where did u apply that in automation framework
Ans. 
Java OOPs concepts are used in automation framework design for better code organization and reusability.
• Encapsulation: Used to hide the internal implementation details of classes and provide access through methods.

• Inheritance: Allows for code reuse by creating parent-child relationships between classes.

• Polymorphism: Enables methods to behave differently based on the object they are called on.

• Abstraction: Helps in defin...read more
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Q3. How to handle otp
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OTP can be handled by generating, sending, and verifying it in automated tests.
• Generate OTP using a random number generator

• Send OTP to the user via email, SMS, or any other communication channel

• Verify OTP entered by the user against the generated OTP
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Q4. How start appium in automation
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To start Appium in automation, you need to install Appium server, set up desired capabilities, and run the server.
• Install Appium server using npm install -g appium

• Set up desired capabilities in your test script

• Start the Appium server using the command appium
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Q5. What are the types of mobile apps
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Types of mobile apps include native apps, web apps, and hybrid apps.
• Native apps are developed for specific platforms like iOS or Android

• Web apps are accessed through a web browser and do not need to be downloaded from an app store

• Hybrid apps combine elements of both native and web apps

• Examples include Instagram (native), Twitter (web), and Uber (hybrid)
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Q6. Program to remove duplicate letters in a string
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Program to remove duplicate letters in a string
• Iterate through the string and keep track of seen characters in a set

• Append characters to a new string only if they are not already in the set

• Return the new string without duplicate letters
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Q7. How to perform swipe action in mobile devices
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Swipe action in mobile devices can be performed using swipe() method in Appium or TouchAction class in Selenium.
• Use swipe() method in Appium to perform swipe action in mobile devices

• Alternatively, use TouchAction class in Selenium for swipe action

• Specify the start and end coordinates for the swipe action

• Adjust the duration and speed of the swipe as needed
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Q1. Write java program to print sum of digits from a given string eg: "abcd23"
Ans. 
Java program to print sum of digits from a given string
• Iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character is a digit using Character.isDigit() method

• Convert the digit character to integer using Character.getNumericValue() method

• Sum up all the digits found in the string
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Q2. Explain oops concepts used in your framework with example?
Ans. 
OOPs concepts used in the framework include inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.
• Inheritance is used to create a parent-child relationship between classes. For example, a base class 'Page' can be inherited by 'HomePage' and 'LoginPage' classes.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. For instance, a 'click' method can be implemented different...read more
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Q3. Explain polymorphism
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Polymorphism is the ability of a single function or method to operate on different types of data.
• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• There are two types of polymorphism: compile-time (method overloading) and runtime (method overriding).

• Example of compile-time polymorphism: function overloading in Java.

• Example of runtime polymorphism: method overriding in Java
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Q4. Java program to print the sum of elements in string array eg: String[] arr = {"1","2","3"}
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Java program to print the sum of elements in a string array.
• Convert each element in the string array to an integer using Integer.parseInt()

• Sum up all the integers to get the total sum
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Java related coding and questions related to selenium

Q1. Selenium,java,testng,cucumber related questions
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Q1. Framework Related Questions
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Q1. Scenario based on table steering
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Q2. Various concepts like buffering the values, errors found during your automation, TCP,SP,
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Q1. List, lambda function, reverse string program
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Q2. Sort the list, dictionary
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Q1. OOP concept, Decorator, list to dictionary, Linux
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Q1. Write a program to print how many integer and character from a given string. Input:"nAJh4837sj"
Ans. 
A program to count the number of integers and characters in a given string.
• Iterate through each character in the string and check if it is an integer or a character.

• Use isdigit() function to check if a character is an integer.

• Keep separate counters for integers and characters.

• Return the counts of integers and characters at the end.
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Q2. Diff btw Final vs finally vs finalize
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Final is a keyword in Java used to restrict inheritance, finally is a block used in exception handling, and finalize is a method used for cleanup.
• Final is a keyword in Java used to restrict inheritance or prevent method overriding.

• Finally is a block used in exception handling to ensure a piece of code is always executed, whether an exception is thrown or not.

• Finalize is a method in Java used for cleanup operations befo
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Q3. Diff btw assertion vs validation/verification
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Assertion is a statement that checks if a condition is true, while validation/verification is the process of confirming that a product meets specified requirements.
• Assertion is used to validate the expected outcome of a test case.

• Validation/verification is the process of checking if the product meets the specified requirements.

• Assertions are typically used within test scripts to verify the expected behavior of the syst...read more
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