Hira Technosoft Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is software
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Q2. What is hardware
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Q3. What are the Various Categories of Software?
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Q4. What are different SDLC Models Available?
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Q5. What is the Waterfall Method and What are its Use Cases?
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Q1. Tell me about yourself.
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I am a seasoned finance executive with over 10 years of experience in managing financial operations and driving business growth.
• I have a strong background in financial analysis and reporting

• I have successfully led budgeting and forecasting processes

• I have experience in implementing cost-saving initiatives

• I have a track record of improving financial performance and profitability

• I am skilled in developing and implementin...read more
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Q2. What is your family background?
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My family background is diverse and includes professionals in various fields.
• My parents are both doctors, specializing in cardiology and pediatrics.

• My siblings are in the fields of engineering and education.

• We come from a close-knit family that values education and hard work.
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Q1. Can you provide information about your background and experiences?
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I have over 10 years of experience in finance, including roles in budgeting, forecasting, and financial analysis.
• 10+ years of experience in finance

• Strong background in budgeting and forecasting

• Skilled in financial analysis

• Previous roles include financial controller and finance manager
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Q2. What interests you about this position and the company?
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I am interested in the challenging financial responsibilities and the company's reputation for innovation and growth.
• Challenging financial responsibilities excite me

• Company's reputation for innovation and growth is appealing

• Opportunity to contribute to a successful company
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Q1. Explain abt your product
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Our product is a cutting-edge software solution designed to optimize production processes and improve efficiency.
• Utilizes advanced algorithms to analyze production data and identify areas for improvement

• Offers real-time monitoring and reporting capabilities for better decision-making

• Integrates seamlessly with existing production systems for easy implementation

• Has been successfully implemented in several manufacturing p...read more
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Q1. Explain situational questions
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Situational questions are hypothetical scenarios presented to candidates to assess their problem-solving skills and decision-making abilities.
• Situational questions present candidates with a specific scenario and ask how they would respond or handle the situation.

• Candidates are evaluated on their ability to analyze the situation, identify key issues, and propose a solution.

• These questions help assess a candidate's criti...read more
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Q1. Situational Questions
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Q1. API Gateway implementation
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API Gateway implementation is a centralized service that routes, manages, and secures API calls.
• API Gateway acts as a single entry point for all API calls

• It can handle authentication, rate limiting, caching, and request/response transformations

• Examples include AWS API Gateway, Apigee, Kong
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Q2. Circuit breaker implementation
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Circuit breaker is a design pattern used to prevent system overload by temporarily stopping requests to a failing service.
• Circuit breaker monitors requests to a service and opens when the service fails repeatedly.

• It helps prevent cascading failures and allows the system to gracefully degrade.

• Once the circuit breaker is open, it can periodically check if the service has recovered before allowing requests again.
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Q3. What is deadlock? How to avoid it?
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Deadlock is a situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.
• Avoid circular wait by ensuring processes request resources in the same order.

• Prevent hold and wait by requiring processes to request all needed resources at once.

• Implement a timeout mechanism to break potential deadlocks.

• Use resource allocation graphs to detect and prevent deadlocks.

• ...read more
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Q4. Explain equals() method
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The equals() method is used to compare the contents of two objects for equality.
• The equals() method is a method of the Object class in Java.

• It is used to compare the contents of two objects for equality.

• The default implementation of equals() in the Object class compares memory addresses, so it is often overridden in custom classes to compare content.

• Example: String class overrides equals() method to compare the content
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Q5. How mongodb was integrated in your application?
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MongoDB was integrated in the application by using the official Java driver and configuring connection settings.
• Used the official MongoDB Java driver to interact with the database

• Configured connection settings such as host, port, database name, and authentication credentials

• Implemented CRUD operations using MongoDB Java driver methods

• Utilized MongoDB aggregation framework for complex queries
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Q6. What is hibernate?
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Hibernate is an open-source Java framework that simplifies the development of database interactions in Java applications.
• Hibernate is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) tool that maps Java objects to database tables.

• It provides a way to perform database operations using Java objects instead of writing SQL queries.

• Hibernate handles the mapping of Java classes to database tables and vice versa, as well as the generation ...read more
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Q7. Runnable vs Callable interface
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Runnable is a functional interface with a single run() method, while Callable is a functional interface with a single call() method.
• Runnable is used for tasks that do not return a result, while Callable is used for tasks that return a result.

• Callable can throw checked exceptions, while Runnable cannot.

• Callable returns a Future object, which can be used to retrieve the result of the computation.

• Example: Runnable - execu...read more
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Q8. Which type of data is returned by Callable interface?
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The Callable interface in Java returns a Future object.
• Callable interface returns a Future object which represents the result of a computation that may not be available yet.

• The Future object can be used to retrieve the result of the computation, check if it is done, or cancel the computation.

• Example: Callable<Integer> task = () -> { return 42; }
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Q9. HashMap internal working
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Q10. Concurrent HashMap internal working
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Q11. How to monitor health of your application?
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Monitor application health using metrics, logs, alerts, and performance monitoring tools.
• Use monitoring tools like Prometheus, Grafana, or New Relic to track key metrics such as CPU usage, memory usage, response times, and error rates.

• Implement logging to record important events and errors in your application. Use tools like ELK stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana) for log analysis.

• Set up alerts to notify you of any...read more
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Q12. How to call an API in a Microservice architecture?
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To call an API in a Microservice architecture, use HTTP requests or messaging protocols like gRPC.
• Use HTTP requests to communicate between microservices

• Implement RESTful APIs for easy integration

• Leverage messaging protocols like gRPC for efficient communication

• Consider using service discovery mechanisms for dynamic API calls
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Q13. Explain Profiles
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Profiles in Java are configurations that define the capabilities of a Java platform.
• Profiles allow developers to target specific types of devices or applications.

• They help in reducing the size of the Java runtime environment by including only the necessary APIs.

• Examples include Java SE Embedded Profile for embedded devices and Java SE Compact Profile for resource-constrained environments.
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Q14. What is OpenFeign, and how is it used in microservices architecture?
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OpenFeign is a declarative web service client used to simplify the process of making HTTP requests in microservices architecture.
• OpenFeign allows developers to define RESTful web services as interfaces and automatically generate the necessary implementation code.

• It integrates seamlessly with Spring Cloud and other microservices frameworks to facilitate communication between services.

• OpenFeign supports features like loa...read more
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Q15. What is the implementation process for service registry and discovery?
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Service registry and discovery involves registering services and allowing clients to discover and connect to them.
• Implement a service registry where services can register themselves with metadata

• Use a service discovery mechanism for clients to find and connect to services

• Implement health checks to ensure services are available and healthy

• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic among multiple instances of a service
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Q16. What are Spring boot actuators?
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Spring Boot Actuators are built-in tools that provide insight into the running application.
• Actuators expose various endpoints to monitor and manage the application.

• They can be used to check health, metrics, environment details, and more.

• Examples include /actuator/health, /actuator/metrics, and /actuator/env.
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Q17. Synchronous vs Asynchronous communication
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Synchronous communication is blocking, while asynchronous communication is non-blocking.
• Synchronous communication waits for a response before continuing, while asynchronous communication does not wait.

• Examples of synchronous communication include traditional function calls, while examples of asynchronous communication include callbacks and promises.

• Synchronous communication can lead to performance issues if there are d...read more
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Q18. Explain Synchronized keyword
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Synchronized keyword is used in Java to control access to shared resources by multiple threads.
• Synchronized keyword can be applied to methods or code blocks to ensure only one thread can access the synchronized code at a time.

• It prevents race conditions and ensures thread safety by creating a lock on the object or class.

• Example: synchronized void myMethod() { // synchronized code block }
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Q19. What are the consequences of excessively using synchronized blocks and methods in Java?
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Excessive use of synchronized blocks and methods in Java can lead to performance issues and potential deadlocks.
• Decreased performance due to increased contention for locks

• Potential deadlocks if multiple threads are waiting for each other to release locks

• Increased complexity and difficulty in debugging and maintaining code

• Use synchronized sparingly and consider alternatives like ConcurrentHashMap or Lock interface
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Q20. How can you determine the number of threads needed for your application?
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The number of threads needed for an application can be determined based on factors like the type of tasks, hardware resources, and performance requirements.
• Consider the type of tasks your application needs to perform - CPU-bound tasks may benefit from more threads, while I/O-bound tasks may not.

• Take into account the hardware resources available - more threads may be beneficial on a multi-core processor compared to a si...read more
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Q21. Explain Executor framework
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Executor framework is a framework in Java that provides a way to manage and execute tasks asynchronously.
• Allows for managing thread execution in a more efficient way

• Provides a way to decouple task submission from task execution

• Supports various types of executors like ThreadPoolExecutor and ScheduledExecutorService

• Helps in handling tasks concurrently and asynchronously
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Q22. Explain BlockingQueue
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BlockingQueue is an interface in Java that represents a queue which supports operations that wait for the queue to become non-empty when retrieving an element and wait for space to become available in the queue when adding an element.
• BlockingQueue is part of the java.util.concurrent package.

• It is used for implementing producer-consumer scenarios where multiple threads are involved.

• Methods like put() and take() are used...read more
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Q1. Why did you leave your previous company?
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Seeking new challenges and opportunities for growth.
• Desire for career advancement

• Looking for new challenges

• Seeking better work-life balance

• Company restructuring or downsizing

• Relocation to a new area
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Q2. Other basic questions asked regarding the relevant skills and technologies I have worked with.
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Q1. Introduction and few question on background.
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Q2. Job required based questions.
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Q1. Experience based questions
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Q2. Work confirmation based
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All the IQ category questions were there.

Q1. Diff between ipo fpo
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IPO stands for Initial Public Offering, where a company offers shares to the public for the first time. FPO stands for Follow-on Public Offering, where a company already listed on the stock exchange offers additional shares to the public.
• IPO is the first time a company offers its shares to the public, while FPO is when a company already listed on the stock exchange offers additional shares.

• IPO is used by companies to r...read more
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Q2. Diff between diff types of banking
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Different types of banking include retail banking, commercial banking, investment banking, and central banking.
• Retail banking focuses on individual customers and their personal financial needs, such as savings accounts and loans.

• Commercial banking serves businesses and provides services like business loans and checking accounts.

• Investment banking deals with helping companies raise capital through issuing stocks and bon...read more
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Q1. Do you understand capital market
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Yes, I understand capital markets as the platforms where buyers and sellers trade financial securities.
• Capital markets are where companies and governments raise long-term funds through debt or equity securities.

• They include stock markets, bond markets, and other financial instruments.

• Investors buy securities in the hope of earning a return on their investment.

• Understanding market trends, regulations, and economic facto
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Q2. And the terms (ref below)
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