Ford Business Solutions Devops Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. They asked me to write a dockerfile
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Q2. Minimal questions about linux
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Q1. Basic Python question
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Q2. VPC, subnet, SGs and then Lambda function
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Q1. Explain CI/CD pipeline .
Ans. 
CI/CD pipeline is a set of automated processes that allow developers to continuously integrate code changes and deploy them to production.
• Continuous Integration (CI) involves automatically building and testing code changes as they are committed to a shared repository.

• Continuous Deployment (CD) involves automatically deploying code changes to production environments after passing automated tests.

• CI/CD pipelines typicall...read more
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Q2. Explain daemonset in kubernetes.
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DaemonSet ensures that all or some nodes run a copy of a Pod
• DaemonSet is a Kubernetes resource that ensures a copy of a Pod is running on all or some nodes in the cluster

• It is useful for running a single instance of a Pod on every node, such as log collection or monitoring agents

• DaemonSet automatically adds or removes Pods as nodes are added or removed from the cluster
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Q1. Explain the networking services in AWS.
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AWS provides a variety of networking services to help users manage their network infrastructure.
• Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) allows users to create isolated networks within the AWS cloud

• Elastic Load Balancing distributes incoming traffic across multiple instances to ensure high availability

• Route 53 is a scalable domain name system (DNS) web service

• Direct Connect allows users to establish a dedicated network connection b...read more
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Q2. What is terraform module?
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Terraform module is a reusable, configurable, and self-contained collection of Terraform resources.
• Terraform modules help organize and reuse code for infrastructure components

• Modules can be shared and reused across different projects

• Modules can have input variables to customize their behavior

• Modules can output values that can be used by other parts of the infrastructure code
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Q1. Why GitOps tool ?
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GitOps tools help automate infrastructure management, version control, and deployment processes.
• Enables infrastructure as code practices

• Facilitates version control for infrastructure configurations

• Automates deployment processes

• Promotes collaboration and visibility among team members

• Examples: Argo CD, Flux, Jenkins X
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Q2. What is AWS secret manager?
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AWS Secret Manager is a service that helps you protect access to your applications, services, and IT resources.
• It allows you to securely store, manage, and retrieve sensitive credentials and configuration data.

• You can rotate, manage, and retrieve secrets throughout their lifecycle.

• Integrates with AWS services like Lambda, EC2, RDS, and more for secure access to secrets.

• Helps you meet security and compliance requirement...read more
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Q1. What is vault & how it is integrated with your AWS
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Vault is a tool for managing secrets and protecting sensitive data.
• Vault securely stores and manages sensitive information such as API keys, passwords, and certificates.

• It provides a centralized place for managing access control and encryption of data.

• Vault can be integrated with AWS to securely store and retrieve AWS credentials and other sensitive information.

• Integration with AWS allows for automated provisioning and...read more
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Q1. Explain kubernetes architecture
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Kubernetes architecture is a container orchestration platform that manages containerized applications across a cluster of nodes.
• Kubernetes follows a master-slave architecture with a master node and multiple worker nodes.

• Master node components include API server, scheduler, controller manager, and etcd.

• Worker node components include kubelet, kube-proxy, and container runtime (e.g. Docker).

• Pods are the smallest deployabl...read more
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Q2. Types of instances in AWS
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Types of instances in AWS include On-Demand Instances, Reserved Instances, and Spot Instances.
• On-Demand Instances: Pay for compute capacity by the hour or second with no long-term commitments.

• Reserved Instances: Reserve capacity for 1 or 3 years in exchange for a significant discount.

• Spot Instances: Bid on unused EC2 capacity and potentially save up to 90% compared to On-Demand prices.
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Q1. S3 storage class
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Q1. What is node affinity?
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Node affinity is a feature in Kubernetes that allows pods to be scheduled onto nodes based on labels assigned to nodes.
• Node affinity is used to ensure that pods are scheduled onto nodes that meet certain criteria specified in the pod's affinity rules.

• There are two types of node affinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution and preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution.

• Node affinity rules can be based o...read more
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Q2. What is security groups?
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Security groups are virtual firewalls that control inbound and outbound traffic for instances in a cloud network.
• Security groups are used to control traffic at the instance level.

• They act as virtual firewalls for instances in a cloud network.

• They allow you to specify which traffic is allowed to reach your instances.

• You can define rules for inbound and outbound traffic based on protocols, ports, and IP addresses.

• Securit...read more
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Cloud Devops - Azure and AWS, Security, EC2, RBAC

Q1. NACL, DR, Authorization, Authentication
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