Cybage Interview Questions and Answers

Action filters are attributes that can be applied to controller actions to modify the way they behave.

• Action filters are used to perform tasks before or after an action method executes.

• They can be used to modify the result of an action method.

• Examples include authentication filters, caching filters, and exception filters.

Attribute handling refers to the management and manipulation of attributes in software development.

• Attributes are characteristics or properties of an object or entity.

• Attribute handling involves defining, accessing, modifying, and deleting attributes.

• Attributes can be used to store data, control behavior, or provide metadata.

• Examples of attribute handling include setting the color of a button, retrieving the size of a ...read more

Errors in MVC can be handled using try-catch blocks, custom error pages, and logging.

• Use try-catch blocks to catch exceptions and handle them appropriately

• Create custom error pages to display user-friendly error messages

• Implement logging to track errors and debug issues

• Use ModelState.IsValid to validate user input and prevent errors

• Use global error handling filters to handle errors across the application

Server side validation is the process of validating user input on the server before processing it.

• It ensures that the data received from the client is valid and secure.

• It prevents malicious attacks and data breaches.

• It reduces the load on the client-side and improves performance.

• Examples include checking for required fields, data type, length, and format.

• It is an essential part of web application security.

The code segment that starts jquery execution is $(document).ready(function(){...});

• $() is a shorthand for jQuery() function

• document refers to the HTML document object

• ready() method waits for the document to be fully loaded

• function(){} is the code block that executes when the document is ready

Serialization is the process of converting an object into a format that can be stored or transmitted.

• Serialization is used to save the state of an object and recreate it later.

• It is commonly used in network communication to transmit data between different systems.

• Examples of serialization formats include JSON, XML, and binary formats like Protocol Buffers.

• Serialization can also be used for caching and data persistence.

Web API is a set of protocols and tools for building software applications that communicate with each other through the internet.

• Web API allows different software applications to communicate with each other over the internet.

• It uses a set of protocols and tools to enable this communication.

• Web API is commonly used in web development to allow web applications to interact with each other.

• Examples of Web APIs include Goog...read more

Media type formatters are used to serialize and deserialize data in Web API.

• Media type formatters are responsible for converting data between CLR objects and their serialized representation.

• They are used in Web API to format the response data based on the client's request.

• Examples of media type formatters include JSON, XML, and BSON.

• Developers can create custom media type formatters to support other data formats.

Selector method is used to select and manipulate elements in a web page using CSS selectors.

• Selector method is a part of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets).

• It is used to select and manipulate HTML elements based on their attributes, classes, and IDs.

• Examples of selector methods include getElementById(), getElementsByClassName(), and querySelectorAll().

Application pool is a container for applications hosted on IIS.

• It provides a separate process and memory space for each application.

• It helps in isolating applications from each other.

• It allows for better resource management and application availability.

• It can be configured with different settings like .NET framework version, identity, etc.

Security settings in IIS are configurations that help protect web applications from unauthorized access and attacks.

• IIS Manager allows for configuring security settings for websites and applications

• Authentication settings can be configured to control access to resources

• IP and domain restrictions can be set to allow or deny access to specific clients

• SSL/TLS settings can be configured to encrypt traffic between clients a...read more

Playwright offers modern features and capabilities that enhance automation testing compared to Selenium.

• Multi-Browser Support: Playwright supports multiple browsers (Chromium, Firefox, WebKit) with a single API, simplifying cross-browser testing.

• Auto-Waiting: Playwright automatically waits for elements to be ready before performing actions, reducing flakiness in tests.

• Headless Mode: Playwright runs tests in headless mo...read more

This Java program removes duplicate characters from a string, preserving the order of first occurrences.

• Using a Set: Utilize a HashSet to track seen characters and build a new string with unique characters. Example: 'hello' becomes 'helo'.

• StringBuilder: Use StringBuilder to efficiently construct the result string as you iterate through the original string.

• Character Check: For each character in the string, check if it i...read more

This Java program generates the Fibonacci series starting from a given number, showcasing iterative and recursive approaches.

• Fibonacci Series Definition: The Fibonacci series is a sequence where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones, starting from 0 and 1.

• Input Handling: The program should accept a starting number from which to generate the Fibonacci series.

• Iterative Approach: Use a loop to calculate and pri...read more

Flaky tests in Playwright can be managed through retries, proper synchronization, and consistent test environments.

• Implement retries: Use Playwright's built-in retry mechanism to rerun flaky tests automatically.

• Improve synchronization: Ensure elements are fully loaded before interacting with them using methods like 'waitForSelector'.

• Use stable selectors: Avoid using dynamic selectors that may change; prefer stable attr...read more

Object-oriented programming in Java focuses on using objects to design applications, promoting code reusability and modularity.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit or class. Example: class Car { private String color; public void setColor(String c) { color = c; } }

• Inheritance: Mechanism where one class can inherit fields and methods from another cl...read more

Multiple inheritance allows a class to inherit from multiple classes, but Java avoids it to prevent complexity and ambiguity.

• Definition: Multiple inheritance is when a class can inherit features from more than one parent class.

• Java's Approach: Java does not support multiple inheritance with classes to avoid the 'Diamond Problem', where ambiguity arises in method resolution.

• Interfaces: Java allows multiple inheritance t...read more

Agile ceremonies are structured meetings that facilitate collaboration, planning, and review in Agile software development.

• Sprint Planning: A meeting where the team discusses what work will be done in the upcoming sprint, setting goals and defining tasks. For example, a team may decide to implement new features based on user feedback.

• Daily Stand-up: A short daily meeting (usually 15 minutes) where team members share wh...read more

Automating stories without test cases involves understanding requirements, exploratory testing, and creating new test cases.

• Understand Requirements: Thoroughly review user stories and acceptance criteria to grasp the functionality and expected outcomes.

• Exploratory Testing: Perform exploratory testing to identify critical paths and edge cases, documenting findings to create test cases.

• Create Test Cases: Based on the und...read more

The PR process involves creating, reviewing, and merging code changes to ensure quality and collaboration in software development.

• Creating a Pull Request (PR): A developer initiates a PR after completing a feature or bug fix, providing a description of changes made.

• Code Review: Team members review the PR for code quality, adherence to standards, and potential issues, often leaving comments for improvements.

• Continuous I...read more

Use a Set to remove duplicate numbers from an array of strings.

• Create a Set from the array to automatically remove duplicates

• Convert the Set back to an array if needed

var, let, and const are used to declare variables in JavaScript with different scopes and mutability.

• var is function-scoped and can be redeclared and updated

• let is block-scoped and can be updated but not redeclared

• const is block-scoped and cannot be updated or redeclared