20+ CitiusTech Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

To scale up application, use load balancers and monitor logs to identify failures.

• Use load balancers to distribute traffic across multiple instances

• Monitor logs to identify where the failure occurred

• Implement fault tolerance and redundancy to prevent future failures

• Use auto-scaling to automatically add or remove instances based on traffic

• Real-world example: Amazon Web Services (AWS) uses load balancers and auto-scaling to handle millions of requests

• Code example: Use try-catch...read more

I am proficient in Java, Python, and C++. I have 2 years of experience in software development. I have excellent communication skills for client interaction.

• Proficient in Java, Python, and C++

• 2 years of software development experience

• Excellent communication skills for client interaction

The position property values in CSS determine how an element is positioned in a document.

• static: default value, elements are positioned according to the normal flow of the document

• relative: positioned relative to its normal position

• absolute: positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor

• fixed: positioned relative to the viewport, does not move when scrolled

• sticky: acts like a combination of relative and fixed positioning

Decorators in JavaScript are functions that allow you to add new functionality to existing objects or functions.

• Function decorators: Functions that take another function as an argument and return a new function that adds some kind of behavior.

• Class decorators: Functions that are used to modify classes in JavaScript.

• Method decorators: Functions that are used to modify methods within a class.

• Property decorators: Functions that are used to modify properties within a class.

Dependency injection is a design pattern used in Angular to inject dependencies into a component or service.

• Dependency injection allows for loose coupling between components and services

• It makes testing easier by allowing for easy mocking of dependencies

• The constructor in a component class is used to inject dependencies

• Dependencies are specified in the constructor using TypeScript's parameter decorator syntax

Structural directives in Angular are used to modify the structure of the DOM by adding or removing elements based on conditions.

• Structural directives are preceded by an asterisk (*) in Angular templates.

• Common structural directives include *ngIf, *ngFor, and *ngSwitch.

• Example: <div *ngIf="condition">Content to show when condition is true</div>

I have used various HTML attributes such as id, class, src, href, alt, style, etc.

• id

• class

• src

• href

• alt

• style

Angular lifecycle hooks are methods that allow you to tap into the lifecycle of a component or directive.

• ngOnChanges - called when an input property changes

• ngOnInit - called once the component is initialized

• ngDoCheck - called during every change detection run

• ngAfterContentInit - called after content (ng-content) has been projected into the component

• ngAfterContentChecked - called after every check of the projected content

• ngAfterViewInit - called after the component's view has ...read more

Specificity rules in CSS determine which styles are applied to an element when multiple conflicting styles are present.

• Specificity is calculated based on the type of selector used (ID, class, element) and the number of each type of selector.

• ID selectors have the highest specificity, followed by class selectors, and then element selectors.

• Inline styles have the highest specificity and will always override external stylesheets.

• Specificity is represented by a four-part value (a,...read more

Print FizzBuzz based on divisibility condition

• Loop through numbers 1 to n

• If number is divisible by 3, print 'Fizz'

• If number is divisible by 5, print 'Buzz'

• If number is divisible by both 3 and 5, print 'FizzBuzz'

• Else, print the number

CSS has various position attributes to position elements on a web page.

• position: static

• position: relative

• position: absolute

• position: fixed

• position: sticky

Angular is a front-end framework that uses components to build dynamic web applications.

• Angular applications are built using TypeScript, a superset of JavaScript.

• Components are the building blocks of an Angular application.

• Angular uses a hierarchical dependency injection system to manage dependencies.

• Angular applications are loaded and run in the browser.

• Angular applications can communicate with servers using HTTP requests.

CSS specificity determines which style rules are applied to an element.

• Specificity is calculated based on the number of selectors and their types.

• Inline styles have the highest specificity.

• IDs have higher specificity than classes and attributes.

• The universal selector (*) has zero specificity.

• The !important keyword overrides specificity.

• Selectors with equal specificity are applied in the order they appear in the stylesheet.

Dependency injection is a design pattern where the dependencies of an object are provided externally rather than created within the object itself.

• Allows for easier testing by providing mock dependencies

• Promotes loose coupling between components

• Improves code reusability and maintainability

• Commonly used in frameworks like Spring in Java

Various design patterns were used in projects including Singleton, Factory, and Observer.

• Singleton pattern was used to ensure a class has only one instance and provide a global point of access to it.

• Factory pattern was used to create objects without specifying the exact class of object that will be created.

• Observer pattern was used to define a one-to-many dependency between objects so that when one object changes state, all its dependents are notified and updated automaticall...read more

package.json is a configuration file used in Node.js projects to manage dependencies and scripts.

• Contains metadata about the project such as name, version, and author

• Lists dependencies and devDependencies required for the project

• Allows for the creation of custom scripts to run tasks

• Can be used to specify the main file of the project

• Can be generated using 'npm init' command

Structural directives are used to manipulate the structure of the DOM.

• ngIf - conditionally adds or removes an element from the DOM

• ngFor - repeats an element for each item in a list

• ngSwitch - conditionally adds or removes elements based on a value

• ngStyle - dynamically adds styles to an element

• ngClass - dynamically adds classes to an element

Decorators are functions that modify the behavior of other functions.

• Decorators are defined using the @ symbol in Python

• They can be used to add functionality to a function without modifying its source code

• Examples include @staticmethod, @classmethod, and @property

• Decorators can also be used to add logging, caching, or authentication to a function

angular.json is a configuration file used by Angular CLI to manage project settings.

• Contains project configuration settings such as build options, asset paths, and environment variables.

• Can be modified manually or through the Angular CLI.

• Located in the root directory of an Angular project.

• Example: "assets": ["src/favicon.ico", "src/assets"] specifies the asset paths for the project.

Interface is a contract for classes to implement, while abstract class can have some implementation.

• Interface cannot have any implementation, only method signatures.

• Abstract class can have both abstract and concrete methods.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.

• Interfaces are used for achieving multiple inheritance in Java.

• Example: interface Animal { void eat(); } abstract class Mammal { abstract void breathe(); }

Authentication was done using a combination of username/password and token-based authentication.

• User credentials (username/password) were verified against stored data in the database

• Upon successful verification, a token was generated and sent to the user for subsequent requests

• Token was validated for each request to ensure the user's identity and permissions