CGI Group Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. Basic Java and Webservices questions
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Q2. OOPS, Java 8, REST,SOAP questions from resume
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Q1. HR and Manager ask about work history and technologies we have worked upon
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Same like elitmis

General topics

Q1. Technical questions like basics of Java, jvm , thread, coding logics, approach to resolve any situation
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Q1. Technical questions like basics, oops, basic structure coding like nested for loops, understanding of languages, good grip in SQL is an advantage.
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Q1. Where do you see yourself in 5 years?
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Q2. Tell me about yourself.
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Q1. Angular techinical questions 1)lifecycle hooks 2) component interaction 3) few html basic questions 4) css basics 5)few more angular concepts
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Q1. About project Experience And about knowledge on AGILE methodology
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round started with some basic questions from Java followed by some questions from Multithreading in Java and Java Design Patterns.

Q1. What are the advantages of using Packages in Java?
Ans. 
Packages in Java help organize code, prevent naming conflicts, and provide access control.
• Organize code into logical groups for easier maintenance and readability

• Prevent naming conflicts by using unique package names

• Provide access control by using package-private, protected, public modifiers

• Facilitate reusability by allowing classes in the same package to access each other's members
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Q2. Why is Java considered platform independent, while the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is platform dependent?
Ans. 
Java is platform independent because it compiles code into bytecode that can run on any platform, while the JVM is platform dependent because it interprets bytecode into machine code specific to the underlying system.
• Java code is compiled into bytecode, which is a platform-independent intermediate representation of the code.

• The JVM interprets this bytecode and translates it into machine code that is specific to the und...read more
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Q3. Can you explain what a thread pool is?
Ans. 
A thread pool is a collection of worker threads that are managed by the system to efficiently execute tasks.
• Thread pools help improve performance by reusing threads instead of creating new ones for each task.

• They limit the number of concurrent threads to prevent resource exhaustion.

• Thread pools can be used in applications like web servers to handle multiple client requests efficiently.
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Q4. What is the difference between the interrupted() and isInterrupted() methods in Java?
Ans. 
interrupted() checks if the current thread has been interrupted, while isInterrupted() checks if a thread has been interrupted.
• interrupted() is a static method in the Thread class, while isInterrupted() is an instance method.

• interrupted() clears the interrupted status of the current thread, while isInterrupted() does not.

• Example: boolean interrupted = Thread.interrupted(); // clears interrupted status and returns true
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Q5. Can you explain the Singleton pattern?
Ans. 
Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
• Used to restrict the instantiation of a class to one object

• Commonly used in scenarios where only one instance of a class is needed, such as database connections or configuration settings

• Implemented by creating a static method that returns the same instance of the class every time it is called
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round primarily focused on some major concepts in Spring Boot and Hibernate and had questions revolving around that.

Q1. What are the basic annotations that Spring Boot offers?
Ans. 
Spring Boot offers basic annotations like @SpringBootApplication, @RestController, @Autowired, @RequestMapping, @ComponentScan, @Service, @Repository, @Configuration, @Bean.
• @SpringBootApplication - Used to mark the main class of a Spring Boot application.

• @RestController - Used to define a RESTful controller.

• @Autowired - Used for automatic dependency injection.

• @RequestMapping - Used to map web requests to specific handl...read more
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Q2. Can you explain the @RestController annotation in Spring Boot?
Ans. 
The @RestController annotation in Spring Boot is used to define a class as a RESTful controller.
• Used to create RESTful web services in Spring Boot

• Combines @Controller and @ResponseBody annotations

• Automatically serializes return objects to JSON/XML

• Maps HTTP requests to handler methods based on @RequestMapping annotations
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Q3. What is dependency injection?
Ans. 
Dependency injection is a design pattern where components are provided with their dependencies rather than creating them internally.
• Allows for easier testing by providing mock dependencies

• Promotes loose coupling between components

• Improves code reusability and maintainability

• Examples: Constructor injection, Setter injection, Interface injection
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Q4. What is Hibernate caching?
Ans. 
Hibernate caching is a mechanism used to improve the performance of Hibernate applications by reducing the number of database queries.
• Hibernate caching stores frequently accessed data in memory to reduce the need for repeated database queries.

• There are different levels of caching in Hibernate, such as first-level cache and second-level cache.

• First-level cache is associated with the Session object and is enabled by defa...read more
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Q5. Can you explain the difference between setMaxResults() and setFetchSize() in a Query?
Ans. 
setMaxResults() limits the number of results returned by a query, while setFetchSize() determines the number of rows fetched at a time from the database.
• setMaxResults() is used to limit the number of results returned by a query.

• setFetchSize() determines the number of rows fetched at a time from the database.

• setMaxResults() is typically used for pagination purposes, while setFetchSize() can improve performance by reduci...read more
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Q6. Can you explain the N+1 SELECT problem in Hibernate?
Ans. 
N+1 SELECT problem in Hibernate occurs when a query results in N+1 database queries being executed instead of just one.
• Occurs when a query fetches a collection of entities and then for each entity, another query is executed to fetch related entities individually

• Can be resolved by using fetch joins or batch fetching to fetch all related entities in a single query

• Example: Fetching a list of orders and then for each order
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Q7. What are the concurrency strategies available in Hibernate?
Ans. 
Hibernate provides several concurrency strategies like optimistic locking, pessimistic locking, and versioning.
• Optimistic locking: Allows multiple transactions to read and write to the database without locking the data. Conflicts are resolved during transaction commit.

• Pessimistic locking: Locks the data when it is read, preventing other transactions from modifying it until the lock is released.

• Versioning: Uses a versio...read more
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Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This is a cultural fitment testing round .HR was very frank and asked standard questions. Then we discussed about my
role.

Q1. Why should we hire you?
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Q2. Why are you looking for a job change?
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Round duration - 50 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round mainly revolved around concepts from Data Warehouse and Big Data.

Q1. What do you mean by a degenerate dimension?
Ans. 
A degenerate dimension is a dimension that consists of attributes that are stored in the fact table instead of a separate dimension table.
• Degenerate dimensions are typically used for attributes that are not easily categorized or do not have enough distinct values to warrant a separate dimension table.

• Examples of degenerate dimensions include order numbers, invoice numbers, and transaction IDs.

• These attributes are often...read more
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Q2. Can you explain the ETL process in a data warehouse?
Ans. 
ETL process involves extracting data from various sources, transforming it to fit the data warehouse schema, and loading it into the warehouse.
• Extract: Data is extracted from different sources such as databases, files, APIs, etc.

• Transform: Data is cleaned, filtered, aggregated, and transformed to match the data warehouse schema.

• Load: Transformed data is loaded into the data warehouse for analysis and reporting.

• Example:...read more
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Q3. What are the different types of data marts in the context of data warehousing?
Ans. 
Data marts are subsets of data warehouses that focus on specific business areas or departments.
• Types include dependent data marts, independent data marts, and hybrid data marts.

• Dependent data marts rely on the data warehouse for data, while independent data marts do not.

• Hybrid data marts combine elements of both dependent and independent data marts.

• Examples include sales data mart, marketing data mart, and finance data
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Q4. What is the difference between a Fact Table and a Dimension Table in a Data Warehouse?
Ans. 
Fact Table contains quantitative data and measures, while Dimension Table contains descriptive attributes.
• Fact Table typically contains numerical data that can be aggregated (e.g. sales revenue, quantity sold)

• Dimension Table contains descriptive attributes for the data in the Fact Table (e.g. product name, customer details)

• Fact Table is usually normalized for efficient data storage and retrieval, while Dimension Table ...read more
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Q5. How do you deploy a Big Data model? Please mention the key steps involved.
Ans. 
Deploying a Big Data model involves several key steps to ensure successful implementation.
• Prepare the data for deployment by cleaning and transforming it as needed

• Choose the appropriate deployment environment such as on-premises or cloud

• Implement the model using tools like Apache Spark or Hadoop

• Monitor the performance of the deployed model and make necessary adjustments

• Scale the deployment as needed to handle increasin...read more
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round was primarily focused towards some core concepts in Database Management System and Hadoop. Towards the end of the interview, I was also asked some questions around ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load) and Data Warehouse.

Q1. What is the difference between OLAP and OLTP?
Ans. 
OLAP is used for complex analytical queries, while OLTP is used for transactional processing.
• OLAP stands for Online Analytical Processing, while OLTP stands for Online Transactional Processing.

• OLAP is designed for complex queries and data analysis, while OLTP is designed for fast and efficient transaction processing.

• OLAP databases are optimized for read-heavy workloads, while OLTP databases are optimized for write-heav...read more
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Q2. How do you delete duplicates from a table in SQL Server?
Ans. 
Use a common method like using CTE with ROW_NUMBER() function to delete duplicates from a table in SQL Server.
• Use a common table expression (CTE) with ROW_NUMBER() function to assign a unique row number to each duplicate record.

• Delete the duplicate records by filtering out rows with row number greater than 1.

• Example: WITH CTE AS (SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY column1, column2 ORDER BY column3) AS rn FROM ta
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Q3. What is the difference between INNER JOIN and OUTER JOIN in SQL?
Ans. 
INNER JOIN returns rows when there is at least one match in both tables, while OUTER JOIN returns all rows from both tables.
• INNER JOIN only returns rows that have matching values in both tables

• OUTER JOIN returns all rows from both tables, even if there are no matches

• Types of OUTER JOIN include LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN

• Example: INNER JOIN would return only the customers who have made a purchase, while OUTER J...read more
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Q4. Can you explain Hadoop and list its core components?
Ans. 
Hadoop is an open-source framework for distributed storage and processing of large data sets.
• Core components include Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), Yet Another Resource Negotiator (YARN), and MapReduce.

• HDFS is responsible for storing data across multiple machines in a Hadoop cluster.

• YARN manages resources and schedules tasks across the cluster.

• MapReduce is a programming model for processing and generating large...read more
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Q5. Can you explain the storage unit in Hadoop, specifically HDFS?
Ans. 
HDFS is the storage unit in Hadoop, providing fault-tolerant and scalable storage for big data.
• HDFS divides data into blocks and stores them across multiple machines in a cluster.

• It replicates data for fault tolerance, with default replication factor of 3.

• HDFS supports streaming data access and is optimized for large sequential reads.

• It provides high throughput and reliability for big data processing.

• HDFS is suitable f...read more
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Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This was a typical HR round with some standard Behavioral questions.

Q1. Can you tell me something about yourself?
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Q2. Why are you looking for a job change?
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Q1. Computer science core concepts
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Q1. Springs and java related core concepts
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Q1. Behavioral and final discussion
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