CCT SOLUTIONS Interview Questions and Answers

Round one was an online coding test where there were 5 sections :

1 - dsa - medium

2 - Java - Easy

3 - OOP - Easy

4 - Git - Easy

Q1. 1 - where is bean annotation used in springboot ?... In class or method
Ans. 
Bean annotation is used in Spring Boot on class or method to indicate that a method produces a bean to be managed by the Spring container.
• Bean annotation is used on methods within a class to indicate that the method produces a bean to be managed by the Spring container.

• It can also be used at the class level to indicate that the class itself is a Spring bean.

• For example, @Bean annotation can be used on a method that cre...read more
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Q2. Which access modifier to restrict interface method access to only derived or implemented classes
Ans. 
Protected access modifier restricts interface method access to only derived or implemented classes.
• Use 'protected' access modifier to restrict access to only derived or implemented classes

• Protected members are accessible within the same package or by subclasses

• Example: 'protected void methodName() {}' in an interface
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Q3. How does one services interact with other in microservice
Ans. 
Microservices interact with each other through APIs, messaging, or events.
• Microservices communicate with each other through APIs, which can be synchronous or asynchronous.

• Messaging systems like RabbitMQ or Kafka can be used for communication between microservices.

• Events can be used for loosely coupled communication between microservices.

• Service discovery mechanisms like Eureka or Consul help microservices locate and co...read more
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Q4. In an integer array where element represent stock price and index represent days how to detect the best day to buy and best day to sell in O(N)
Ans. 
To detect the best day to buy and sell stock in an integer array representing stock prices and days in O(N).
• Iterate through the array and keep track of the minimum price seen so far.

• Calculate the profit by subtracting the current price from the minimum price.

• Update the maximum profit and best buy/sell days accordingly.

• Return the best buy and sell days to maximize profit.
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Q5. In an integer array find the next greatest number for all and display in O(N)
Ans. 
Find the next greatest number for each integer in an array in O(N) time complexity.
• Iterate through the array from right to left

• Use a stack to keep track of potential next greatest numbers

• Pop elements from the stack that are less than the current element and update their next greatest number to the current element

• Push the current element onto the stack

• Repeat until all elements have a next greatest number
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Q1. How will you find loyal customers for a store like DMart , SmartBazar
Ans. 
Utilize customer transaction data and behavior analysis to identify loyal customers for DMart and SmartBazar.
• Use customer transaction history to identify frequent shoppers

• Analyze customer behavior patterns such as repeat purchases and average spend

• Implement loyalty programs to incentivize repeat purchases

• Utilize customer feedback and reviews to gauge loyalty

• Segment customers based on their shopping habits and preferenc
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Q2. Who is more valuable a customer who is making small transactions everyday or the customer who makes big transactions in a month
Ans. 
It depends on the business model and goals of the company.
• Small transactions everyday can lead to consistent revenue streams and customer engagement.

• Big transactions in a month can indicate high purchasing power and potential for larger profits.

• Consider customer lifetime value, retention rates, and overall business strategy when determining value.
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Q3. What will you do as a data scientist if the sales of a store is declining
Ans. 
I would conduct a thorough analysis of the sales data to identify trends and potential causes of the decline.
• Review historical sales data to identify patterns or seasonality

• Conduct customer surveys or interviews to gather feedback

• Analyze competitor data to understand market dynamics

• Implement predictive modeling to forecast future sales

• Collaborate with marketing team to develop targeted strategies
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Q4. We have to bundle the items together in the units of 2-3 as a single units like chips of 3 packets together. how to identify which items to bundle and number of units. Create a machine learning model for i...read more
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Q5. You are working in a project, where your approach towards problem is more innovative while the rest of the team is following conventional approach. how will you convince them to follow your approach.
Ans. 
I would showcase the potential benefits and results of my innovative approach to convince the team.
• Highlight the advantages of the innovative approach such as improved efficiency, accuracy, or cost-effectiveness.

• Provide real-world examples or case studies where similar innovative approaches have led to successful outcomes.

• Encourage open discussion and collaboration within the team to explore the potential of combining ...read more
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1. A store has promotional offers how will you analyse that offers are working in their favour.
2. What data will you require if you want to predict the sales of the chocolate in a store.
3. Why data is distributed normally in linear regression.
4. Difference between linear and logistic regression
5. A person who is senior to you and you are working on the same project. But that person has very bad reputation of misbehaving and being rude to people. And he is doing same with you. What will you do?

Technology making ours less human ( 15 min) online

Q1. Tell me about yourself
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Q2. Tell me about you inters hip
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Q3. Fixed assets with example
Ans. 
Fixed assets are long-term tangible assets that are used in the production of goods or services and are not intended for sale.
• Fixed assets are physical assets such as buildings, machinery, equipment, vehicles, and land.

• They are not intended for sale and are used for the production of goods or services over a long period of time.

• Examples of fixed assets include manufacturing plants, office buildings, delivery trucks, an
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Q4. Capital assets with example
Ans. 
Capital assets are long-term assets that are used in the production of goods or services and are not easily converted into cash.
• Capital assets are typically tangible assets such as buildings, machinery, equipment, and vehicles.

• They are used by a company to generate revenue over an extended period of time.

• Examples of capital assets include manufacturing plants, delivery trucks, office furniture, and computer systems.
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Q5. Why we use current ration
Ans. 
Current ratio is used to assess a company's ability to pay its short-term obligations with its short-term assets.
• Current ratio is a liquidity ratio that measures a company's ability to cover its short-term liabilities with its short-term assets.

• It is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities.

• A current ratio of 1 or higher is generally considered healthy, as it indicates that a company has enough curr...read more
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Q1. Median of 2 sorted array
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Q2. Linux commands for chmod
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Q3. Features of python
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Q4. Deepcopy and shallowcopy
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Q1. What are Covenants in Commercial Lending
Ans. 
Covenants in commercial lending are conditions set by lenders that borrowers must meet to maintain the loan agreement.
• Covenants are financial ratios or performance metrics that borrowers must adhere to

• They are designed to protect the lender by ensuring the borrower remains financially stable

• Examples include debt-to-equity ratio, interest coverage ratio, and minimum liquidity requirements
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Q2. What is the difference between Bank Guarantee and Letter of Credit
Ans. 
Bank Guarantee is a guarantee from a bank that a borrower will fulfill their financial obligations, while Letter of Credit is a payment method where the bank guarantees payment to the seller.
• Bank Guarantee is a guarantee provided by a bank to a beneficiary in case the applicant fails to fulfill their obligations.

• Letter of Credit is a payment method where the bank guarantees payment to the seller upon presentation of sp...read more
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Q3. What is Collateral in Commercial Lending
Ans. 
Collateral in commercial lending refers to assets that a borrower pledges to a lender as security for a loan.
• Collateral can include real estate, equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, or other valuable assets.

• The lender can seize and sell the collateral if the borrower defaults on the loan.

• Collateral helps reduce the lender's risk and allows borrowers to access financing at lower interest rates.

• The value of the col...read more
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Q1. Self Introduction
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Q2. Situation based questions like Conflict of interest amongst team members, How to handle in case of high volumes, Any new updates on Secondary Loan Trading
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Q3. What is a Credit Agreement
Ans. 
A Credit Agreement is a contract between a borrower and a lender outlining the terms and conditions for a loan.
• It specifies the amount of the loan, interest rate, repayment schedule, and any collateral required.

• The agreement also includes provisions for default, late payments, and other consequences.

• Credit agreements can be for various types of loans, such as mortgages, car loans, or personal loans.
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Aptitude test conducted with normal logical reasoning, verbal ability and quantitative type aptitude problems were asked.

Case study round scheduled with Practice Director:
Started with normal greetings and basic introduction followed by deep dive into the resume and some questions based on what was in my resume. Then started with the case study.
Case : Your client is a totally offline bank ( think of SBI) and wants to undergo a digital transformation (somewhat like HDFC wherein all services are online as well) . How would you create a framework to do so ?

Q1. Estimate the number of viewers who watched 2024 T20 World Cup.
Ans. 
Estimating the number of viewers for the 2024 T20 World Cup.
• Consider past viewership trends for T20 World Cup events.

• Analyze the popularity of cricket in the host country and globally.

• Take into account the impact of digital streaming platforms on viewership.

• Factor in potential growth in viewership due to increased interest in T20 cricket.

• Consult experts in sports broadcasting and market research for insights.
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Q2. Estimate the number of Gyms in Delhi
Ans. 
Estimating the number of Gyms in Delhi based on population density, urbanization, and market demand.
• Consider the population density of Delhi

• Analyze the urbanization level in different areas of Delhi

• Research on the market demand for fitness centers in Delhi

• Consult with local authorities or fitness industry experts for insights

• Use data from online directories or platforms listing Gyms in Delhi
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Q1. It was a cultural fit/HR round taken by the Partner/Managing Partner in the firm. Questions around personality likes/dislikes future goals, MBA aspirations etc were asked
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30 easy aptitude questions.

Q1. Video analysis. Summarize the video in bullet points.
Ans. 
Video analysis involves summarizing the content of a video in bullet points.
• Identify key themes or topics discussed in the video

• Highlight important events or moments

• Note any key statistics or data presented

• Summarize the main conclusions or takeaways

• Include any notable visuals or graphics shown
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Q2. Summarize all the examples you saw in the video.
Ans. 
The video showcased various examples of data analysis and visualization techniques.
• Exploratory data analysis using histograms and scatter plots

• Predictive modeling using regression and classification algorithms

• Time series analysis for forecasting future trends

• Text mining for sentiment analysis

• Clustering techniques for customer segmentation
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Q3. Tell me about yourself
Ans. 
I am a recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science and a passion for data analysis and machine learning.
• Recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science

• Passionate about data analysis and machine learning

• Experience with programming languages like Python and R

• Completed projects involving data visualization and predictive modeling
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Q4. Discussion on projects.
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Q5. What do you know about mu Sigma?
Ans. 
Mu Sigma is a data analytics and decision sciences company that helps organizations make data-driven decisions.
• Mu Sigma was founded in 2004 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

• They provide services in areas such as marketing analytics, supply chain analytics, and risk analytics.

• Mu Sigma has worked with Fortune 500 companies across various industries to help them leverage data for better decision-making.

• The compan...read more
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Q6. Why do you want to join Mu Sigma?
Ans. 
I want to join Mu Sigma because of their reputation for providing challenging and impactful data science projects.
• Mu Sigma is known for working on cutting-edge data science projects with top clients

• I am excited about the opportunity to work with a diverse team of data scientists and learn from their expertise

• I believe Mu Sigma's focus on innovation and problem-solving aligns with my own career goals
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Q7. SQL and technical questions based on your projects or tech stack.
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Q8. What challenges you faced during your projects?
Ans. 
I faced challenges in data cleaning, feature engineering, and model optimization during my projects.
• Data cleaning: Dealing with missing values, outliers, and inconsistencies in the data.

• Feature engineering: Creating new features from existing data to improve model performance.

• Model optimization: Tuning hyperparameters and selecting the best algorithm for the problem.

• Example: In a project predicting customer churn, I ha...read more
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Q1. Self introduction and explain your hobbies
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Q2. They will check your communication level
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Q1. Self introduction with aptitude questions
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Q2. They will check communication
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