200+ Hero MotoCorp Interview Questions and Answers

The OSI model has 7 layers that define how data is transmitted over a network.

• Layer 1: Physical layer - deals with the physical aspects of transmitting data

• Layer 2: Data link layer - responsible for error-free transfer of data between nodes

• Layer 3: Network layer - manages the routing of data between nodes

• Layer 4: Transport layer - ensures reliable delivery of data between applications

• Layer 5: Session layer - establishes and manages connections between applications

• Layer 6: Pre...read more

Answers to questions related to network engineering concepts.

• k values are used in EIGRP to calculate the metric of a route

• Neighborship criteria in EIGRP is the set of conditions that must be met for two routers to become neighbors

• Default route can be injected into EIGRP using the 'ip default-network' command

• ACL (Access Control List) is used to filter network traffic based on source/destination IP address, port number, etc.

• Prefix list is used to filter routes based on their pr...read more

Code to allocate memory for multidimensional array on heap

• Use malloc() function to allocate memory on heap

• Calculate the total size of the array using the dimensions

• Use a pointer to access the array elements

Postman is used for API testing. GUI testing involves testing the user interface while API testing involves testing the backend functionality.

• Postman is a tool used for testing APIs by sending requests and receiving responses.

• GUI testing involves testing the user interface, such as buttons, forms, and menus.

• API testing involves testing the backend functionality, such as data validation and response time.

• Postman can be used to test APIs by sending requests and receiving respon...read more

Strip line and microstrip line are two types of transmission lines used in high-frequency applications.

• Strip line is a type of transmission line where the conductor is sandwiched between two ground planes.

• Microstrip line is a type of transmission line where the conductor is placed on top of a ground plane with a dielectric material in between.

• Strip line has better shielding and lower radiation losses compared to microstrip line.

• Microstrip line is easier to fabricate and has l...read more

Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for Gas and Steam Turbines are crucial metrics used to measure efficiency and performance.

• Efficiency: Measure of how well the turbine converts fuel into electricity or mechanical power.

• Availability: Percentage of time the turbine is operational and ready to generate power.

• Reliability: Ability of the turbine to consistently perform without breakdowns or failures.

• Maintenance Costs: Expenses incurred for upkeep and repairs of the turbine.

• Output: ...read more

Static memory allocation is a way of allocating memory at compile-time.

• Memory is allocated before the program starts executing

• The size of memory is fixed and cannot be changed during runtime

• Variables declared with static keyword are stored in static memory

• Example: int x; //allocated in static memory

• Example: static int y; //allocated in static memory

SQL commands are used to interact with databases and manipulate data.

• SELECT: retrieve data from a database

• INSERT: add new data to a database

• UPDATE: modify existing data in a database

• DELETE: remove data from a database

• CREATE: create a new database or table

• ALTER: modify the structure of a database or table

• DROP: delete a database or table

• JOIN: combine data from multiple tables

• GROUP BY: group data based on a specific column

• ORDER BY: sort data based on a specific column

Memory is allocated to objects dynamically during runtime based on their size and type.

• Memory allocation is done using the 'new' keyword in languages like Java and C++.

• In languages like Python, memory allocation is handled automatically by the interpreter.

• Memory allocation can also be done using functions like malloc() and calloc() in C.

• Memory is released using the 'delete' keyword in languages like Java and C++.

• Memory management is important to prevent memory leaks and optim...read more

Pre considerations before advising the LC

• Check the creditworthiness of the buyer

• Verify the authenticity of the documents

• Ensure compliance with legal regulations

• Assess the risk involved in the transaction

• Confirm the terms and conditions of the LC

Optimizing decoupling capacitors involves selecting the right capacitance value, placement, and layout.

• Choose the appropriate capacitance value based on the frequency range of the circuit

• Place the capacitors as close as possible to the power pins of the IC

• Use multiple capacitors in parallel to cover a wider frequency range

• Ensure proper layout to minimize inductance and resistance

• Simulate the circuit to verify the effectiveness of the decoupling capacitors

PCIe Gen3 RL and IL specifications define the electrical and protocol requirements for high-speed data transfer.

• RL stands for Receiver Loss and IL stands for Insertion Loss.

• RL specification defines the maximum amount of signal loss that can be tolerated by the receiver.

• IL specification defines the maximum amount of signal loss that can be tolerated by the channel.

• PCIe Gen3 RL and IL specifications ensure reliable and high-speed data transfer between devices.

• For example, a PCI...read more

Count the number of palindromes in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and check for palindromes of length 1, 2, 3, ... n

• Use two pointers to check if a substring is a palindrome

• Consider both even and odd length palindromes

• Store the count of palindromes found

A program to reverse a given string.

• Create an empty string to store the reversed string.

• Iterate through the original string from end to start.

• Append each character to the empty string.

• Return the reversed string.

Pointers are variables that store memory addresses. Heap is a region of memory used for dynamic memory allocation.

• Pointers are used to access memory directly

• Heap is used for dynamic memory allocation

• Pointers can be used to create data structures like linked lists

• Heap memory must be manually managed to avoid memory leaks

Join is a SQL operation that combines rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Join is used to retrieve data from multiple tables in a single query.

• There are four types of joins: Inner Join, Left Join, Right Join, and Full Outer Join.

• Inner Join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Left Join returns all the rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table.

• Right Join returns all the rows from the right table and matching rows...read more

SQL query to fetch 3rd max salary, group by country, and return count of employees in each country

• Use a subquery to select the 3rd max salary

• Join the employee table with the country table

• Group by country and use COUNT() to get the number of employees

Closures are functions that have access to variables in their outer scope, even after the outer function has returned.

• Closures are created when a function is defined inside another function.

• The inner function has access to the outer function's variables and parameters.

• Closures can be used to create private variables and methods.

• Closures can also be used to create functions with pre-set arguments.

Smoke testing, sanity testing, retesting, and regression testing are all types of software testing.

• Smoke testing is a quick and shallow test to check if the basic functionalities of the software are working.

• Sanity testing is a narrow and deep test to check if the major functionalities of the software are working after a change.

• Retesting is a type of testing that is done to ensure that a defect that was found and fixed has been resolved.

• Regression testing is a type of testing ...read more

S-parameter models can be extracted using network analyzers or simulation software.

• Use a network analyzer to measure the S-parameters of the device under test (DUT)

• Use simulation software to create a model of the DUT and extract the S-parameters from the simulation results

• Ensure that the measurement or simulation setup is properly calibrated to obtain accurate S-parameter models

Find the first non-repeating character in an array.

• Use a hash table to store the frequency of each character.

• Iterate through the array and check the frequency of each character.

• Return the first character with a frequency of 1.

No, service and controller annotations cannot be interchanged.

• Service annotations are used to define a class as a service component, while controller annotations are used to define a class as a controller component.

• Service annotations are typically used for business logic and data manipulation, while controller annotations are used for handling HTTP requests and responses.

• Interchanging these annotations can lead to unexpected behavior and errors in the application.

Context API is a feature in React that allows data to be passed down the component tree without manually passing props at each level.

• Context API provides a way to share data between components without the need for prop drilling.

• It consists of two main components: Provider and Consumer.

• The Provider component allows data to be provided and accessed by any component within its subtree.

• The Consumer component allows components to consume the data provided by the Provider.

• Context A...read more

Data centre setup should evolve with advancements in technology and increasing demands for storage and processing power.

• Regularly assess and upgrade hardware to ensure optimal performance

• Implement virtualization to maximize resource utilization

• Utilize cloud services for scalability and flexibility

• Enhance security measures to protect sensitive data

• Consider energy efficiency and sustainability in design

Explicit wait is used to wait for a specific condition to occur before proceeding, while implicit wait waits for a certain amount of time before proceeding.

• Explicit wait is defined by the user in the code, while implicit wait is defined globally for the entire script.

• Explicit wait is more flexible as it can wait for specific conditions like element visibility, while implicit wait waits for a fixed amount of time.

• Example: Explicit wait can be used to wait for a button to be cl...read more

You can send bulk messages to students for events through a mass text messaging service or email platform.

• Use a mass text messaging service like Remind or GroupMe to send bulk messages to students

• Utilize an email platform like Mailchimp or Constant Contact to reach students who prefer email communication

• Include important event details such as date, time, location, and any necessary RSVP instructions

• Personalize messages when possible to increase student engagement and interest...read more

To create a 1GB file in Python, use the 'os' module and write random data to the file.

• Import the 'os' module

• Use the 'os.urandom()' function to generate random data

• Open a file using the 'open()' function and write the data to it

• Repeat until the file size reaches 1GB

Comparing two databases and two files involves analyzing their structure, content, and integrity.

• Compare the schema of the databases to ensure they have the same tables, columns, and relationships.

• Check the data in the databases and files to identify any discrepancies or missing information.

• Use checksums or hash functions to compare the contents of the files for differences.

• Consider using tools like SQL queries, file comparison software, or scripting languages for efficient c...read more

To exit recursion in programming, a base case is defined to stop the recursive calls.

• Define a base case that will stop the recursive calls.

• Ensure that the base case is reached during the recursion.

• Return a value or perform an action when the base case is met.

Automating email and one time passcode involves using automation tools and scripting to send emails and generate passcodes.

• Use automation tools like Selenium or Puppeteer to automate the process of logging into email accounts and sending emails.

• Utilize scripting languages like Python or JavaScript to generate one time passcodes and send them via email.

• Implement API calls to interact with email servers and send emails programmatically.

• Consider using third-party services like T...read more

IBIS stands for Input/Output Buffer Information Specification and is a standard for modeling the behavior of digital buffers.

• IBIS is used to model the behavior of digital buffers in a system.

• It includes information about the input and output characteristics of the buffer.

• IBIS models are used to simulate the behavior of a system before it is built.

• IBIS models can be used to optimize the design of a system.

• IBIS models are often used in the semiconductor industry.

• Examples of IBI...read more

fork-join is a parallel programming model where a task is divided into subtasks that run concurrently and join at a synchronization point.

• fork-join is used in parallel programming to improve performance by dividing a task into smaller subtasks that can be executed concurrently

• In fork-join, the main task is divided into subtasks using the 'fork' operation, and these subtasks are executed independently

• The 'join' operation is used to synchronize the subtasks and wait for their c...read more

PDN analysis involves analyzing the power distribution network of a circuit to ensure proper power delivery.

• Identify the power sources and loads in the circuit

• Create a schematic of the power distribution network

• Simulate the circuit using a tool like SPICE

• Analyze the voltage drops and current flows in the network

• Optimize the network to ensure proper power delivery

• Repeat the analysis for different operating conditions and scenarios

Redux is a state management library for JavaScript applications, providing a predictable and centralized workflow.

• Redux follows a unidirectional data flow pattern.

• The application state is stored in a single JavaScript object called the store.

• Actions are dispatched to describe state changes.

• Reducers are pure functions that specify how the state should change based on the dispatched actions.

• Selectors are used to extract specific data from the store.

• Middleware can be used to add...read more

There are three types of exceptions in PL/SQL: predefined exceptions, user-defined exceptions, and system-defined exceptions.

• Predefined exceptions are errors that are raised by the PL/SQL runtime system.

• User-defined exceptions are created by the developer to handle specific errors.

• System-defined exceptions are raised by the Oracle database system.

• Examples of predefined exceptions include NO_DATA_FOUND and TOO_MANY_ROWS.

• Examples of user-defined exceptions include INVALID_INPUT...read more

TDD stands for Test-Driven Development, a software development process where tests are written before the actual code.

• Write a failing test case based on requirements

• Write the minimum amount of code to pass the test

• Refactor the code to improve design and remove duplication

To reverse a single linked list, iterate through the list and change the direction of the pointers.

• Create three pointers: previous, current, and next

• Set current to the head of the linked list

• Iterate through the list, setting next to the next node, then setting current's next to previous

• Move previous and current pointers one node forward

• Return the new head of the linked list

Additive Manufacturing is a revolutionary technology that enables the creation of complex and customized objects through layer-by-layer construction.

• Additive Manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, has the potential to disrupt traditional manufacturing processes.

• It allows for the production of intricate designs that are difficult or impossible to create using traditional methods.

• Additive Manufacturing offers cost and time savings by eliminating the need for tooling and redu...read more

Packet flow in a network with switch & router

• Packet is sent from source device to switch

• Switch forwards the packet to the destination device connected to it

• If the destination device is not connected to the switch, switch forwards the packet to the router

• Router checks the destination IP address and forwards the packet to the appropriate network

• If the destination device is not in the same network, router forwards the packet to the next hop router

• Packet reaches the destination d...read more

Passivity refers to a system's inability to generate energy, while causality refers to the relationship between cause and effect in a system.

• Passivity: A passive system cannot generate energy, but can only store or dissipate it.

• Causality: The output of a system depends only on its current and past inputs, not future inputs.

• Passive systems are often used in filters and attenuators, while causal systems are important in signal processing and control systems.

• An example of a pass...read more

Clock gating is used to disable the clock signal to certain parts of a circuit to save power, while normal gating is used to control the flow of data within the circuit.

• Clock gating is used for power optimization by disabling the clock signal to unused parts of the circuit.

• Normal gating is used to control the flow of data within the circuit by enabling or disabling certain paths.

• Clock gating helps in reducing power consumption by stopping the clock signal to specific parts of...read more

TCP is a connection-oriented protocol while UDP is connectionless. TCP provides reliable data transfer while UDP is faster.

• TCP establishes a connection before data transfer while UDP does not

• TCP provides error checking and retransmission of lost packets while UDP does not

• TCP is used for applications that require reliable data transfer such as email, file transfer, and web browsing while UDP is used for applications that require speed such as online gaming and video streaming

• E...read more

Robot Framework architecture is a keyword-driven automation framework with a modular and extensible design.

• Robot Framework follows a keyword-driven approach where test cases are written using keywords.

• It has a modular architecture with core components like test libraries, test data, and test execution engine.

• Test libraries provide keywords for interacting with different systems and technologies.

• Test data is stored in tabular format using plain text or HTML tables.

• The test exe...read more

Yes, I have experience working with Higher Order Components in React.

• Used HOCs to share common functionality between components

• Implemented HOCs for authentication, logging, and data fetching

• Enhanced code reusability and maintainability using HOCs

Agile is an iterative approach to project management, while waterfall is a linear approach.

• Agile is iterative and allows for flexibility and changes throughout the project.

• Waterfall is a linear approach where each phase must be completed before moving on to the next.

• Agile focuses on delivering working software in short iterations, while waterfall follows a sequential process from requirements to testing and deployment.

I handle agile waterfall projects by blending the flexibility of agile with the structure of waterfall.

• I create a hybrid approach that combines the iterative nature of agile with the sequential phases of waterfall.

• I prioritize requirements and plan sprints while also defining clear milestones and deliverables.

• I ensure constant communication and collaboration among team members to adapt to changes while staying on track.

• I conduct regular retrospectives to evaluate progress and...read more

We are using the Agile framework in our project.

• Agile framework focuses on iterative development and collaboration.

• It involves breaking down the project into smaller tasks called sprints.

• Regular feedback and adaptation are key components of Agile.

• Examples of Agile methodologies include Scrum, Kanban, and XP.

Imperative programming focuses on how to perform tasks, while declarative programming focuses on what the desired outcome is.

• Imperative programming involves explicitly specifying the steps to achieve a result, while declarative programming involves defining the desired result without specifying the steps.

• In imperative programming, the programmer has to manage the state of the program, while in declarative programming, the state is managed by the system.

• Examples of imperative ...read more

HIL testing stands for Hardware-in-the-Loop testing, a type of testing used in the development of complex systems.

• HIL testing involves testing a system or component in a simulated environment that includes real hardware components.

• It is used to test complex systems such as automotive systems, aerospace systems, and industrial control systems.

• HIL testing can help identify issues early in the development process, reducing the risk of costly errors later on.

• My experience with HI...read more

Comparable is an interface used for natural ordering while Comparator is an interface used for custom ordering.

• Comparable is implemented by the class whose objects need to be sorted

• Comparator is implemented by a separate class to define custom sorting logic

• Comparable uses compareTo() method to compare objects

• Comparator uses compare() method to compare objects

• Example: String class implements Comparable interface for natural ordering

• Example: Employee class implements Comparator...read more

Hash table is a data structure that maps keys to values using a hash function.

• Hash function maps keys to indices in an array

• Collisions can occur, which can be resolved using techniques like chaining or open addressing

• Lookup, insertion, and deletion operations have an average time complexity of O(1)

API authentication can be done using various methods like API keys, OAuth tokens, and JWT tokens.

• Use API keys to authenticate requests by including the key in the request header.

• Implement OAuth for secure authorization and authentication.

• Utilize JWT tokens for stateless authentication by generating tokens upon successful login.

TestNG tags can pass data using parameters in testng.xml file or through DataProviders.

• Use parameters in testng.xml file to pass data to test methods

• Use DataProviders to pass data dynamically to test methods

• Example:

Implementation of contact centre products and unified communication aura

• Contact centre products are software solutions that enable businesses to manage customer interactions across multiple channels

• Unified communication aura is a suite of communication and collaboration tools that integrate voice, video, messaging, and other communication channels

• Implementation of these products involves assessing business needs, selecting appropriate solutions, configuring and customizing th...read more

RBAC stands for Role-Based Access Control, a method of restricting network access based on roles assigned to individual users.

• RBAC assigns roles to users based on their job responsibilities

• Access control is managed through policies that define what actions each role can perform

• RBAC simplifies user management by grouping users with similar access needs

I utilize a combination of lectures, discussions, group activities, and multimedia resources to engage students and cater to different learning styles.

• Incorporate interactive activities to promote student engagement

• Use multimedia resources to enhance understanding of complex topics

• Encourage discussions to foster critical thinking and communication skills

• Provide real-world examples to make concepts more relatable

HSS deployment requires several documents. Here are some pointers.

• Prepare a detailed project plan

• Obtain necessary licenses and permits

• Create a network diagram

• Develop a test plan

• Prepare a user manual

• Conduct training sessions for users

• Obtain sign-off from stakeholders

• Maintain documentation for future reference

My strength is my analytical skills and attention to detail. My weakness is that I can be overly critical of my own work.

• Strength: Analytical skills

• Strength: Attention to detail

• Weakness: Being overly critical of my own work

A mechanical degree can help in an IT job by providing problem-solving skills, analytical thinking, and a strong foundation in technical knowledge.

• Mechanical engineering teaches problem-solving skills which are essential in IT roles.

• Analytical thinking developed in a mechanical degree can be applied to troubleshooting IT issues.

• Technical knowledge gained in mechanical engineering can be useful in understanding complex IT systems.

• Experience with design and optimization in mech...read more

An array is a collection of similar data types while a structure is a collection of different data types.

• Arrays are used to store multiple values in a single variable. Example: int numbers[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

• Structures are used to group different data types together. Example: struct person { char name[20]; int age; float salary; };

• Arrays can be accessed using index numbers while structures can be accessed using dot notation.

• Arrays and structures are commonly used in embedde...read more

I have experience in various testing concepts and projects in my previous companies.

• Tested web applications using Selenium WebDriver and JMeter

• Performed API testing using Postman and SoapUI

• Conducted performance testing using LoadRunner

• Tested mobile applications on Android and iOS platforms

• Worked on automation frameworks using Java and Python

• Conducted security testing using OWASP ZAP

• Tested ETL processes using Informatica PowerCenter

• Conducted database testing using SQL queries

This question is likely related to a discrepancy between a library and netlist causing a difference in the size of PMOS transistors.

• Mismatch between the library and netlist can lead to incorrect sizing of transistors

• Ensure consistency between the library files and netlist to avoid discrepancies

• Check for any errors or warnings related to library and netlist mismatch in the design tool logs

• Verify the sizing of PMOS transistors to identify and correct any differences

String operations programs manipulate and modify strings.

• Use built-in string functions like substring, replace, and split.

• Implement algorithms like string reversal, palindrome check, and string compression.

• Regular expressions can also be used for advanced string operations.

• Examples: reversing a string, counting occurrences of a substring, converting a string to title case.

Java is a popular programming language, OOPs concepts are fundamental principles of object-oriented programming, Capgemini is a leading consulting company.

• Java is a high-level programming language known for its portability and versatility.

• OOPs concepts include inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Capgemini is a global consulting firm known for its expertise in technology and business solutions.

Decimal to binary conversion involves dividing the decimal number by 2 and noting the remainder until the quotient becomes 0.

• Divide the decimal number by 2

• Note the remainder

• Repeat the process with the quotient until it becomes 0

• Write the remainders in reverse order to get the binary equivalent

Both SSL and IPsec have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on the specific use case.

• SSL is easier to set up and use, making it a good choice for web applications.

• IPsec provides better security and is more suitable for enterprise-level applications.

• SSL is better for remote access, while IPsec is better for site-to-site connections.

• SSL is more widely supported, while IPsec is more complex and requires more configuration.

• Ultimately, the choice between...read more

Destructuring is a way to extract values from objects and arrays into distinct variables.

• Destructuring can be used with arrays and objects

• It allows you to extract values from nested objects and arrays

• You can also set default values for variables that may not exist in the object or array

• Example: const {name, age} = {name: 'John', age: 30};

• Example: const [first, second] = ['one', 'two'];

Columnstore indexing is used to improve query performance by storing data in columns instead of rows.

• Columnstore indexes are ideal for data warehousing and analytics workloads

• They are implemented in SQL Server, Oracle, and other databases

• They can significantly improve query performance by reducing I/O and increasing parallelism