40+ VVDN Technologies Interview Questions and Answers

HPLC is a technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture. There are various types of chromatography techniques.

• HPLC stands for High Performance Liquid Chromatography

• It involves the separation of components in a mixture based on their interaction with a stationary phase and a mobile phase

• Other types of chromatography include gas chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography

• HPLC is commonly used in pharmaceuticals, fo...read more

pH range for solutions is a measure of acidity or alkalinity on a scale of 0-14.

• A pH of 7 is neutral, below 7 is acidic, and above 7 is alkaline.

• Acidic solutions have a pH below 7, such as lemon juice (pH 2) or vinegar (pH 3).

• Alkaline solutions have a pH above 7, such as baking soda (pH 9) or bleach (pH 12).

• The pH range is important in many fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science.

Vial washing parameters include cycle count and importance lies in removing contaminants.

• Parameters include water quality, temperature, pressure, and detergent concentration.

• Cycle count depends on the type of vial and its contents.

• Importance lies in removing contaminants such as particles, endotoxins, and microorganisms.

• Vial washing is critical in pharmaceutical manufacturing to ensure product safety and efficacy.

UV-Vis spectroscopy is a technique that measures the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light by a sample.

• UV-Vis spectroscopy is used to determine the concentration of a sample, as well as its purity and identity.

• It works by passing light through a sample and measuring the amount of light absorbed at different wavelengths.

• The resulting spectrum can be used to identify functional groups and chemical bonds in the sample.

• UV-Vis spectroscopy is commonly used in chemistry, bioc...read more

Integrity is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles. It is important for building trust and credibility.

• Integrity is the foundation of ethical behavior and is essential for personal and professional success.

• Filters are used to remove impurities from liquids or gases. Types of filters include membrane, depth, and surface filters.

• Bubble point is the pressure at which gas bubbles begin to form in a liquid passing through a filter. Leak test is a method of...read more

A depyrogenation tunnel is a device used in pharmaceutical manufacturing to remove pyrogens from containers and equipment.

• A depyrogenation tunnel is a part of the sterilization process in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

• It is used to remove pyrogens, which are substances that can cause fever or other adverse reactions in patients.

• The tunnel typically consists of multiple zones, including pre-heating, heating, and cooling zones.

• Each zone has specific temperature and time requirem...read more

Volumetric titrations are of different types based on the nature of the reaction involved.

• Acid-base titration

• Redox titration

• Complexometric titration

• Precipitation titration

• Non-aqueous titration

KF autotitrator is an instrument used for determining water content in a sample by titration with Karl Fischer reagent.

• KF autotitrator uses Karl Fischer reagent to determine water content in a sample

• It is an automated titration instrument

• The principle behind KF autotitrator is based on the reaction between iodine and sulfur dioxide in the presence of water

• The instrument measures the amount of reagent required to reach the endpoint of the reaction

• It is commonly used in industr...read more

Biotechnology methods used daily in home include autoclave and laminar airflow.

• Autoclave is used to sterilize equipment and materials such as baby bottles, medical instruments, and petri dishes.

• Laminar airflow is used to create a sterile environment for working with microorganisms, such as in home brewing or making yogurt.

• Other biotechnology methods used in the home include PCR for DNA testing and CRISPR for gene editing.

Potentiometry is a method of measuring the potential difference between two electrodes in a solution to determine the concentration of an ion.

• Potentiometry is based on the principle that the potential difference between two electrodes in a solution is proportional to the concentration of an ion.

• It is commonly used in analytical chemistry to measure the concentration of ions in a solution.

• Potentiometry can be used to measure the pH of a solution by using a pH electrode.

• Handlin...read more

TOC stands for Theory of Constraints. It is a management philosophy that focuses on identifying and removing constraints to improve overall efficiency.

• TOC is based on the idea that a system is only as strong as its weakest link

• The goal of TOC is to identify and eliminate bottlenecks in a process

• TOC uses a five-step process to improve efficiency: identify the constraint, exploit the constraint, subordinate everything else to the constraint, elevate the constraint, and repeat t...read more

Volumetric solutions are prepared by accurately measuring the volume of a solute and dissolving it in a solvent to a known volume.

• Volumetric solutions are used in analytical chemistry for titrations and other quantitative analyses.

• The solute is usually a solid or liquid that is weighed on a balance before being added to the solvent.

• The solvent is typically water, but other solvents may be used depending on the solute being dissolved.

• The final volume of the solution is determi...read more

Track and trace is a system used to monitor and trace the movement of goods or products throughout the supply chain.

• Track and trace involves assigning unique identifiers to products or packages to track their location and movement.

• It helps in ensuring product authenticity, preventing counterfeiting, and improving supply chain visibility.

• Examples include barcodes, QR codes, RFID tags, and serial numbers used for tracking products from manufacturing to delivery.

Cleaning is important for maintaining hygiene, preventing illnesses, and creating a pleasant environment.

• Cleaning helps prevent the spread of germs and bacteria, reducing the risk of illnesses.

• Regular cleaning can improve indoor air quality and reduce allergens.

• A clean environment can boost productivity and overall well-being.

• Proper cleaning and disinfection are crucial in healthcare settings to prevent infections.

• Cleaning also helps maintain the condition and longevity of su...read more

Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol.

• It is an anaerobic process

• It is used in the production of alcoholic beverages, bread, yogurt, and cheese

• It is also used in the production of biofuels and pharmaceuticals

The fill volume formula calculates the volume of liquid or gas that can be held in a container.

• The fill volume formula is typically calculated by multiplying the area of the base of the container by its height.

• For example, the fill volume of a cylindrical tank can be calculated using the formula V = πr^2h, where r is the radius of the base and h is the height of the tank.

• Different shapes of containers will have different formulas for calculating fill volume, such as spheres, ...read more

Clean room areas are classified based on the level of cleanliness required for the specific activities performed within them.

• Clean room areas are classified using ISO standards, with Class 1 being the cleanest and Class 9 being the least clean.

• The classification is based on the maximum allowable concentration of particles per cubic meter of air.

• Examples of clean room areas include semiconductor manufacturing facilities, pharmaceutical production facilities, and research labor...read more

The production process plan outlines the steps and resources needed to manufacture a product efficiently.

• Identify the required materials and resources

• Create a timeline for each step of the production process

• Assign tasks to specific team members or departments

• Implement quality control measures to ensure product consistency

• Regularly review and adjust the production process plan as needed

Dynamic pass box allows for continuous transfer of materials while static pass box requires manual transfer.

• Dynamic pass box has a conveyor belt for continuous transfer of materials.

• Static pass box requires manual transfer of materials.

• Dynamic pass box is more efficient for high volume transfer.

• Static pass box is suitable for low volume transfer or when contamination risk is high.

• Examples: Pharmaceutical industry uses dynamic pass boxes for continuous transfer of materials, w...read more

Parameters of autoclave include temperature, pressure, and time for sterilization.

• Temperature: Typically set between 121-134 degrees Celsius for sterilization.

• Pressure: Usually maintained at 15-30 psi to ensure proper sterilization.

• Time: Sterilization cycle duration can vary depending on the load size and contents.

• Examples: Autoclave parameters for sterilizing medical instruments, laboratory equipment, and biohazard waste.

Electrophoresis is a technique used to separate charged molecules based on their size and charge. Chromatography is a technique used to separate components of a mixture based on their affinity to a stationary phase.

• Electrophoresis involves applying an electric field to a gel or solution containing charged molecules, causing them to migrate towards the opposite charge electrode.

• Chromatography involves passing a mixture through a stationary phase, which separates the components...read more

In industrial areas, pharmacists need to be cautious about handling hazardous chemicals and ensuring proper storage and disposal.

• Pharmacists should be aware of the potential hazards of the chemicals used in the industrial area.

• They should ensure that all chemicals are stored properly and labeled correctly.

• Pharmacists should also be knowledgeable about the proper disposal of hazardous waste.

• They should follow all safety protocols and wear appropriate protective gear when worki...read more

Milk contains lactose, a type of carbohydrate.

• Lactose is a disaccharide made up of glucose and galactose.

• Milk carbohydrates also include small amounts of other sugars like fructose and sucrose.

• Carbohydrate content varies depending on the type of milk, with whole milk having the highest amount.

• Lactose-free milk is available for those who are lactose intolerant.

There are various types of painkillers available, including opioids, NSAIDs, acetaminophen, corticosteroids, and antidepressants.

• Opioids: strong painkillers that work by blocking pain signals to the brain. Examples include morphine, codeine, and oxycodone.

• NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce pain and inflammation. Examples include ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen.

• Acetaminophen: a pain reliever that is not an NSAID or opioid. It is often used for mild to mo...read more

A bio-safety cabinet is a ventilated enclosure used to handle hazardous materials, providing protection for the user, the product, and the environment.

• Bio-safety cabinets are commonly used in laboratories to work with pathogens or other biohazards.

• They help prevent contamination of the work environment and ensure the safety of the personnel working with hazardous materials.

• There are different classes of bio-safety cabinets based on the level of protection they offer, such as ...read more

Sterilization is the process of killing all microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, to prevent contamination.

• Sterilization is commonly used in medical settings to ensure that surgical instruments and equipment are free from harmful microorganisms.

• Methods of sterilization include autoclaving, dry heat sterilization, ethylene oxide gas sterilization, and radiation sterilization.

• Sterilization is also used in food processing to extend shelf life and preven...read more

Troubleshooting involves identifying and resolving issues, while different types of volumes refer to varying levels or quantities.

• Troubleshooting involves identifying and resolving problems or issues that arise in a system or process.

• Different types of volumes can refer to varying levels or quantities of data, such as low volume, high volume, or peak volume.

• Troubleshooting different types of volumes requires understanding the specific challenges and potential bottlenecks asso...read more

Microbial control refers to the process of managing, preventing, and eliminating microorganisms in a specific environment.

• Microbial control involves implementing measures to reduce the presence of harmful microorganisms in a controlled environment.

• Methods of microbial control include sterilization, disinfection, and sanitization.

• Examples of microbial control measures include using antimicrobial agents, heat treatment, and UV radiation.

• The goal of microbial control is to preve...read more

Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

• Molarity is calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.

• It is denoted by the symbol 'M'.

• Molarity is commonly used in chemistry to express the concentration of a solution.

• For example, a 1 M solution of sodium chloride contains 1 mole of sodium chloride per liter of solution.

An autoclave is a device used to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure and steam.

• Uses high pressure and steam to sterilize equipment

• Commonly used in medical and laboratory settings

• Ensures that equipment is free from bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms

Pharmaceutics is the study of the process of turning a chemical substance into a medication.

• Pharmaceutics involves the design, development, and formulation of drugs.

• It also includes the study of drug delivery systems and drug stability.

• Pharmaceutics plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficacy of medications.

• Examples of pharmaceutics include the development of new drug formulations and the study of drug interactions.

• Pharmaceutics is closely related to pharmacology...read more

A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.

• Vaccines contain a weakened or inactive form of a specific pathogen to stimulate the immune system

• They train the immune system to recognize and fight off the pathogen in the future

• Vaccines have been crucial in preventing diseases such as polio, measles, and influenza

ESIC symbol 5 lights meaning

• ESIC stands for Employees' State Insurance Corporation

• 5 lights may represent different aspects of ESIC such as healthcare, insurance coverage, benefits, etc.

• Each light could symbolize a specific service or feature provided by ESIC