SwitchON Foundation Interview Questions and Answers

VLAN, STP, VTP, and EtherChannel are networking concepts used to manage and optimize network traffic.

• VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) divides a physical network into multiple virtual networks to improve performance and security.

• STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) prevents loops in Ethernet networks by blocking redundant paths.

• VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) manages VLAN configurations across a network to ensure consistency.

• EtherChannel combines multiple physical links into a single lo...read more

IP addressing is a method used to assign unique numerical labels to devices on a network, while subnetting involves dividing a network into smaller subnetworks.

• IP addressing is used to uniquely identify devices on a network using a series of numbers separated by periods (e.g. 192.168.1.1).

• Subnetting involves dividing a larger network into smaller subnetworks to improve performance and security.

• Subnet masks are used to determine which part of an IP address is the network porti...read more

OSI and TCP/IP models are networking models that define how data is transmitted over a network.

• OSI model has 7 layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application

• TCP/IP model has 4 layers: Network Interface, Internet, Transport, Application

• OSI model is theoretical while TCP/IP model is practical and widely used

• OSI model helps in understanding how data flows in a network, while TCP/IP model is used for actual implementation

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

• DHCP assigns IP addresses to devices on a network

• It helps in managing and organizing IP addresses efficiently

• DHCP reduces the need for manual configuration of network devices

• DHCP lease time determines how long an IP address is assigned to a device

• Example: When a new device connects to a network, DHCP assigns it an available IP address

DNS stands for Domain Name System, which translates domain names to IP addresses.

• DNS is like a phone book for the internet, translating human-readable domain names (like google.com) to IP addresses (like 172.217.3.206).

• It helps users access websites and other online services by resolving domain names to their corresponding IP addresses.

• DNS also helps in email delivery, ensuring that emails are sent to the correct mail servers based on domain names.

• DNS operates through a distr...read more

Routing is the process of selecting the best path for network traffic to reach its destination.

• Routing involves determining the optimal path for data packets to travel from the source to the destination.

• Routers use routing tables to make decisions on how to forward packets.

• Routing protocols like OSPF and BGP are used to exchange routing information between routers.

• Examples of routing devices include routers and layer 3 switches.