Alstom Transportation Post Graduate Engineer Trainee [pget] Interview Questions and Answers

Basic Aptitude Questions Reasoning & Verbal Ability

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Q1. What are the tensile forces acts on material
Ans. 
Tensile forces are forces that stretch or pull materials apart.
• Tensile forces act in the opposite direction of compressive forces

• Examples of tensile forces include stretching a rubber band or pulling on a rope

• Tensile strength is a measure of a material's ability to withstand tensile forces
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Q2. Write all formulas you know of Fluid Mechanics
Ans. 
Formulas in Fluid Mechanics
• Bernoulli's equation: P + 0.5ρv^2 + ρgh = constant

• Continuity equation: A1v1 = A2v2

• Navier-Stokes equation: ρ(∂v/∂t + v∇v) = -∇P + μ∇^2v + ρg

• Ideal gas law: PV = nRT

• Poiseuille's Law: Q = πr^4(ΔP)/(8ηL)
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Q3. Laws of thermodynamics
Ans. 
The fundamental laws of thermodynamics govern the behavior of energy in systems.
• First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

• Second Law of Thermodynamics: The entropy of an isolated system will always increase over time.

• Third Law of Thermodynamics: As temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches a minimum value.

• Examples: A car engine conve...read more
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Q4. What is Fouriers Law write its equation
Ans. 
Fourier's Law describes the flow of heat through a material.
• Fourier's Law states that the rate of heat transfer through a material is directly proportional to the negative gradient of temperature and the area perpendicular to the direction of heat flow.

• The equation for Fourier's Law is q = -k * A * (dT/dx), where q is the heat transfer rate, k is the thermal conductivity of the material, A is the cross-sectional area, ...read more
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Q5. Explain Iron Carbon phase diagram
Ans. 
The Iron-Carbon phase diagram illustrates the phases and microstructures of iron-carbon alloys as a function of temperature and composition.
• Shows the phases of iron and carbon at different temperatures and compositions

• Includes regions for austenite, ferrite, cementite, and pearlite

• Critical points such as eutectic point and eutectoid point are marked

• Used to predict the microstructure of steel based on composition and he
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Q6. Stress Strain Curve Explain
Ans. 
The stress-strain curve shows the relationship between stress (force applied) and strain (resulting deformation) in a material.
• The curve typically consists of three main regions: elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and fracture.

• In the elastic region, the material deforms elastically and returns to its original shape when the stress is removed.

• The plastic region is where permanent deformation occurs, but the mater...read more
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Q7. Calculate SFD & BMD
Ans. 
SFD and BMD are calculated using equations of equilibrium and relationships between load, shear force, and bending moment.
• Calculate reactions at supports using equations of equilibrium

• Determine the shear force at different points along the beam by considering the applied loads and reactions

• Calculate the bending moment at different points by integrating the shear force diagram

• Plot the SFD and BMD based on the calculated...read more
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Q8. How to Calculate velocity of fluid flowing through pipe
Ans. 
Velocity of fluid flowing through a pipe can be calculated using the formula Q = A * V, where Q is the flow rate, A is the cross-sectional area of the pipe, and V is the velocity of the fluid.
• Calculate the cross-sectional area of the pipe using the formula A = π * r^2, where r is the radius of the pipe.

• Determine the flow rate (Q) of the fluid, which is typically measured in cubic meters per second (m^3/s) or liters per...read more
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Q9. What is Difference between entropy and enthalpy
Ans. 
Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system, while enthalpy is a measure of the heat energy in a system.
• Entropy is a thermodynamic property that measures the amount of energy in a system that is not available to do work.

• Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property that measures the total heat content of a system.

• Entropy increases in irreversible processes, while enthalpy remains constant.

• Entropy is denoted by S,...read more
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Q10. Draw Refrigeration Cycle Graph
Ans. 
The Refrigeration Cycle graph shows the process of cooling a space by transferring heat from inside to outside.
• The cycle starts with the refrigerant entering the compressor as a low-pressure gas.

• The refrigerant is compressed, raising its temperature and pressure, before entering the condenser where it releases heat to the surroundings.

• After losing heat, the refrigerant becomes a high-pressure liquid and flows into the ...read more
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Q11. Draw vapour absorption cycle graph
Ans. 
The vapor absorption cycle graph shows the relationship between pressure, temperature, and enthalpy during the process.
• The graph typically shows pressure on the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis.

• It includes lines representing the various stages of the cycle such as evaporation, absorption, and desorption.

• The enthalpy values at different points in the cycle can also be plotted on the graph.

• Example: The graph will sho...read more
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Q12. Draw Rankine otto & diesel cycle graph
Ans. 
The Rankine, Otto, and Diesel cycle graphs are commonly used in thermodynamics to analyze different types of heat engines.
• The Rankine cycle is used in steam power plants and consists of four processes: heat addition, isentropic expansion, heat rejection, and isentropic compression.

• The Otto cycle is used in spark-ignition engines and consists of four processes: isentropic compression, constant volume heat addition, isen...read more
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Q1. What is curing ?
Ans. 
Curing is the process of maintaining adequate moisture and temperature for a specific period of time to allow concrete to achieve its desired strength and durability.
• Curing helps in preventing the loss of moisture from the concrete, which is essential for hydration to occur.

• Proper curing enhances the strength, durability, and overall quality of the concrete.

• Common curing methods include water curing, steam curing, and ...read more
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Q2. What are the dimensions of test cube?
Ans. 
The dimensions of a test cube are typically 150mm x 150mm x 150mm.
• Standard dimensions are 150mm x 150mm x 150mm

• Used for testing compressive strength of concrete

• Can vary based on specific testing requirements
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Q1. Explain yourself ?
Ans. 
I am a dedicated and hardworking individual with a passion for engineering and problem-solving.
• I recently graduated with a degree in engineering from XYZ University.

• I have completed internships at ABC Company where I gained hands-on experience in project management and design.

• I am proficient in CAD software and have strong analytical skills.

• I am a team player and enjoy collaborating with others to find innovative solut
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Q2. Draw a plan with structural details?
Ans. 
I would draw a plan with structural details including dimensions, materials, and load-bearing elements.
• Start by sketching the overall layout of the structure

• Include dimensions for each component and the overall structure

• Label materials to be used for each element (e.g. steel beams, concrete columns)

• Highlight load-bearing elements such as columns and beams

• Consider factors like wind load, seismic activity, and live loads
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Basic aptitude test (online)

Basic topics, we have to talk for 5min.

Q1. Resume based questions
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Q2. Relocation all over india
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Q3. Questions on favourite subject
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Basis on structural engineering

Example on CSA with queries

Q1. About family and educational background
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It was easy, just basic apti and technical

Q1. They asked basic Mechanical engineering questions and about project s
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Q1. They asked to share your views about Covid impact on economy of India and world. Then they did counter questions on my views.
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Q1. Various designs considerations
Ans. 
Design considerations play a crucial role in the success of a project or product.
• Consider user experience and usability

• Think about scalability and flexibility

• Ensure security and privacy measures are in place

• Take into account cost and resource constraints
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Q2. Type of defects in plastic
Ans. 
Common defects in plastic include bubbles, warping, sink marks, and flash.
• Bubbles: trapped air pockets in the plastic

• Warping: deformation of the plastic due to uneven cooling

• Sink marks: depressions on the surface caused by uneven cooling or thick sections

• Flash: excess material around the edges of the mold
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Cad test (surfacing and part modelling)