Top 250 System Design Interview Questions and Answers

A flash sale system is designed to offer limited-time discounts on products or services to create urgency and drive sales.

• Create a platform where customers can browse and purchase discounted products or services within a specified time frame

• Implement a countdown timer to create a sense of urgency

• Ensure a limited quantity of items available to increase demand

• Notify customers about upcoming flash sales through email or push notifications

• Implement a secure payment gateway to fac...read more

Design a portfolio management system to add and sell stocks, calculate returns, and display current prices and returns.

• Create a class for the portfolio with methods to add and sell stocks

• Implement a method to calculate the percentage return on the portfolio

• Maintain a list of stocks in the portfolio with their current prices and returns

• Use arrays or lists to store the portfolio data

• Ensure proper error handling for invalid inputs or insufficient data

Design a movie ticket system

• Create a database to store movie details, showtimes, and seat availability

• Implement a user interface for customers to select movies, seats, and purchase tickets

• Develop a ticketing algorithm to handle seat reservations and prevent double bookings

• Include features like seat selection, payment processing, and ticket confirmation

• Consider scalability and performance for handling high traffic during peak times

HLD design stands for High Level Design, it is a design document that describes the overall system architecture and design.

• HLD design outlines the structure of the system, including components, modules, interfaces, and data for the system.

• It focuses on the overall system design rather than detailed design of individual components.

• To receive input from the client for HLD design, conduct meetings, interviews, surveys, and workshops to gather requirements and preferences.

• Client ...read more

Design a car sharing system similar to Uber

• Create a mobile app for users to request rides

• Implement a driver app for accepting rides

• Include a rating system for both drivers and passengers

• Integrate a payment system for seamless transactions

Develop a recommendation system for ranking developers for job positions.

• Collect data on developer skills, experience, projects, and job preferences

• Use collaborative filtering to recommend job positions based on similar developers

• Implement content-based filtering to recommend jobs based on developer skills and preferences

• Utilize machine learning algorithms to continuously improve recommendations

• Consider incorporating feedback from developers and employers to enhance the syste...read more

Design a Parking Management System for efficient parking space allocation and management.

• Implement a system to track available parking spaces in real-time.

• Include features for booking parking spots in advance.

• Incorporate a payment system for parking fees.

• Utilize sensors or cameras for monitoring parking space occupancy.

• Develop a user-friendly interface for customers to easily navigate and use the system.

A todo list application using localstorage.

• Use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create the user interface.

• Use the localstorage API to store and retrieve todo items.

• Implement features like adding, editing, and deleting todo items.

• Display the list of todo items and their status.

• Allow users to mark todo items as completed or incomplete.

Database normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Database normalization involves breaking down a database into smaller, more manageable tables to reduce redundancy.

• It helps in minimizing data anomalies and ensures data integrity.

• Normalization is achieved through a series of rules called normal forms, such as 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF.

• For example, in a database of customers and orders, instead of storing custo...read more

Design a voting system for a university

• Identify the type of voting system required (e.g. electronic, paper-based)

• Determine the scope of the voting system (e.g. student council elections, faculty senate votes)

• Establish eligibility criteria for voters and candidates

• Create a secure and anonymous voting process

• Implement a system for vote counting and result reporting

Design a system similar to Zookeeper for managing distributed systems

• Use a centralized service for maintaining configuration information, naming, and providing distributed synchronization

• Implement a hierarchical namespace similar to file system paths for organizing data

• Utilize a consensus algorithm like Paxos or Raft for ensuring consistency and fault tolerance

ImageDownloader efficiently handles parallel API calls.

• Use a thread pool to manage parallel API calls.

• Implement caching to avoid redundant API calls.

• Use a priority queue to prioritize image downloads.

• Optimize network requests by using HTTP/2 or multiplexing.

• Consider using a library like Picasso or Glide for image loading and caching.

Design Twitter - a social media platform for microblogging and sharing thoughts in real-time.

• Users can create profiles and follow other users

• Users can post tweets (limited to 280 characters)

• Tweets can include hashtags and mentions

• Users can like, retweet, and reply to tweets

• Twitter can use algorithms to curate content for users

• Twitter can also offer advertising options for businesses

Design a monitoring system for SiteOps

• Identify key metrics to monitor such as server uptime, response time, and error rates

• Implement monitoring tools like Nagios, Zabbix, or Prometheus to track these metrics

• Set up alerts for critical thresholds to notify the team in case of issues

• Create dashboards to visualize the data and trends for easy monitoring

• Regularly review and update the monitoring system to ensure it remains effective

Achieving high availability and zero downtime with an IDM system involves redundancy, load balancing, disaster recovery planning, and continuous monitoring.

• Implementing redundancy by having multiple servers for failover

• Utilizing load balancing to distribute traffic evenly across servers

• Creating a disaster recovery plan to quickly recover from any failures

• Continuous monitoring of system performance and availability

• Regularly testing failover and disaster recovery procedures

Online coding judge to evaluate code submissions and provide feedback.

• Create a web application where users can submit code in various programming languages.

• Implement a compiler or interpreter to execute the code and check for errors.

• Provide feedback on code correctness, efficiency, and style.

• Include test cases to verify the code's functionality.

• Allow users to view their submission history and track their progress.

Design a system for streaming data

• Use a distributed system architecture to handle high volume of data

• Implement a message queue system like Kafka or RabbitMQ for real-time data processing

• Utilize microservices for scalability and fault tolerance

• Consider using a data lake for storing and analyzing large amounts of streaming data

A system to display bus routes and arrival times

• Create a database of bus routes with stops and timings

• Develop a user interface to search for routes and view arrival times

• Integrate real-time GPS data for accurate arrival times

Designing an authentication service for software development.

• Use secure protocols like OAuth or JWT for authentication

• Implement multi-factor authentication for added security

• Store user credentials securely using encryption

• Implement rate limiting and IP blocking to prevent brute force attacks

A ridesharing service connecting drivers with passengers for convenient and affordable transportation.

• Allow users to request rides through a mobile app

• Match drivers with passengers based on location and destination

• Provide estimated arrival times and fare estimates

• Implement a rating system for drivers and passengers

• Offer options for shared rides to reduce costs

Design a system to create and manage short URLs for long URLs.

• Use a database to store mappings of short URLs to long URLs.

• Generate a unique short URL for each long URL using a hashing algorithm.

• Implement a redirect service to redirect users from short URLs to long URLs.

• Consider adding expiration dates for short URLs to manage storage.

• Implement analytics to track usage of short URLs.

Design a data pipeline for an e-commerce website.

• Extract data from website databases, such as product information, customer details, and order history.

• Transform the data by cleaning, filtering, and aggregating it to make it usable for analysis.

• Load the processed data into a data warehouse or data lake for storage and further analysis.

• Implement data pipelines using tools like Apache Kafka, Apache Spark, or AWS Glue.

• Monitor the data pipeline for errors and performance issues to...read more

The low level design of my architecture proposal focuses on detailed components and interactions.

• Detailed breakdown of system components and their interactions

• Specific technologies and tools used for implementation

• Data flow diagrams and sequence diagrams for each component

• Error handling and recovery mechanisms

• Scalability and performance considerations

Designing a robust and scalable payments infrastructure for efficient transactions.

• Identify the requirements of the payments system, including transaction volume, security, and integration with existing systems.

• Choose appropriate payment methods such as credit/debit cards, digital wallets, and bank transfers.

• Implement secure payment gateways to process transactions securely and efficiently.

• Consider compliance with regulations such as PCI DSS for handling payment card data.

• Ens...read more

Design a Netflix OTP system.

• Use a secure algorithm to generate OTPs.

• Implement a time-based OTP system.

• Integrate with a reliable SMS gateway for OTP delivery.

• Implement rate limiting to prevent brute force attacks.

• Provide an option for users to disable OTP for trusted devices.

• Ensure compliance with data privacy regulations.

Design an email notification system for efficient communication.

• Identify the triggers for sending email notifications (e.g. new user registration, password reset)

• Design a user-friendly interface for users to manage their notification preferences

• Implement a system to track email delivery and user engagement

• Consider personalization options for email content based on user behavior

• Ensure compliance with data protection regulations (e.g. GDPR)

Use a plugin architecture with interfaces and dependency injection to easily add new adapters

• Implement a plugin architecture where each adapter is a separate plugin

• Define interfaces for adapters to ensure consistency in implementation

• Use dependency injection to dynamically load and use adapters

• Utilize configuration files to specify which adapters to load

• Ensure proper error handling and logging for easy troubleshooting

Utilize distributed computing and parallel processing to handle large file processing efficiently

• Use distributed file systems like Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) to store and process large files

• Leverage parallel processing frameworks like Apache Spark or Apache Flink to process files in parallel

• Implement data partitioning and shuffling techniques to distribute workload evenly across nodes

• Utilize batch processing or stream processing based on the nature of the files bei...read more

Design an async system to send notifications to users

• Use a message queue system like RabbitMQ or Kafka to handle asynchronous communication

• Implement a notification service that processes and sends notifications based on user preferences

• Utilize push notifications for mobile devices and email notifications for desktop users

• Include error handling and retry mechanisms to ensure delivery of notifications

Design a system similar to BookMyShow for booking tickets for events and movies.

• User registration and login system

• Event and movie listing with details and show timings

• Seat selection and booking process

• Payment gateway integration

• Booking history and ticket download option

Design a scalable and efficient streaming system for Netflix.

• Use a content delivery network (CDN) to cache and deliver content closer to users.

• Implement a recommendation system to personalize content for users.

• Utilize a microservices architecture to handle different components like user authentication, video encoding, and streaming.

• Use load balancing and auto-scaling to handle varying traffic demands.

• Implement a fault-tolerant system to ensure continuous streaming even in cas...read more

A booking system for scheduling appointments or reservations

• Allow users to select date and time for booking

• Include user registration and login functionality

• Send confirmation emails or notifications to users

• Implement a calendar view for easy scheduling

• Include payment processing for reservations if applicable

Design a 2-player virtual reality game hosted in 2 different geographic locations.

• Utilize a network connection to enable real-time communication between players

• Implement a shared virtual environment where players can interact and compete

• Include features like voice chat, hand gestures, and avatar customization

• Ensure low latency and high bandwidth to provide a seamless gaming experience

Design an Ad service for displaying advertisements to users based on their preferences and behavior.

• Implement a recommendation system to suggest relevant ads to users.

• Utilize user data such as browsing history, search queries, and demographic information to personalize ads.

• Allow users to opt out of personalized ads and provide transparency on data usage.

• Track ad performance metrics like click-through rates and conversions to optimize ad targeting.

• Consider implementing ad targ...read more

Design a chat system for real-time communication

• Use WebSocket for real-time communication

• Implement user authentication and authorization

• Store chat messages in a database for persistence

• Support features like group chat, file sharing, and message encryption

LLD Design for Movie Ticket Booking System(BookMyShow.com)

• Use case diagram to identify actors and their interactions

• Class diagram to represent entities like User, Movie, Theater, Booking

• Sequence diagram to show the flow of events during ticket booking process

The question is about understanding the timing and order of operations in a system.

• Understanding the sequence of events in a system is crucial for ensuring proper functionality.

• Timing considerations include when data is processed, when actions are triggered, and when resources are allocated.

• Examples include knowing when to update a database record after receiving user input, or when to send a notification after a certain event occurs.

Design a system to extract insights from customer service chat data

• Implement natural language processing (NLP) techniques to analyze text data

• Use sentiment analysis to understand customer emotions and satisfaction levels

• Identify frequently asked questions or common issues to improve customer service

• Create visualizations to present key insights and trends to stakeholders

A food ordering system like Swiggy allows users to browse restaurants, place orders, track delivery, and make payments online.

• User registration and login functionality

• Restaurant listing with menu and prices

• Cart management for adding/removing items

• Order tracking and status updates

• Payment gateway integration

• Delivery tracking with real-time updates

Design a Zomato Ordering System for online food delivery.

• Allow users to browse restaurants and menus

• Implement user authentication and profile management

• Enable users to place orders and make payments online

• Include features like order tracking and ratings/reviews

• Integrate with restaurant partners for order fulfillment

Designing live streaming for an IOS app

• Use a reliable streaming service like Wowza or AWS Elemental

• Implement real-time video encoding and decoding

• Ensure low latency for live interactions

• Include features like chat, reactions, and notifications

• Optimize for different network conditions and device capabilities

Design scalable architecture for file storage and sharing for millions of users

• Use distributed storage system like AWS S3 or Google Cloud Storage

• Implement sharding to distribute load across multiple servers

• Use CDN for faster file access and delivery

• Implement strong encryption for data security

• Use efficient indexing and caching mechanisms for quick file retrieval

Design a cab booking system for users to book rides with drivers.

• Create a database to store user information, driver information, and ride details.

• Implement a user interface for users to book rides, view ride history, and track ongoing rides.

• Develop algorithms for matching users with available drivers based on location and availability.

• Include features like fare estimation, real-time tracking, and payment options.

• Ensure security measures for user data and transactions.

• Conside...read more

Design an online hotel booking system

• User-friendly interface for searching and booking hotels

• Secure payment gateway integration

• Ability to filter search results based on price, location, amenities, etc.

• Real-time availability updates

• Confirmation emails and booking details

• User reviews and ratings for hotels

• Integration with mapping services for location details

A throttling service limits the number of requests a user can make to a system within a specific time frame.

• Implement rate limiting based on user or IP address

• Use tokens or API keys to track usage

• Set limits on the number of requests allowed per minute/hour/day

• Return appropriate error responses when limits are exceeded

Capacity estimation involves analyzing current resources, future demands, and potential constraints to determine the maximum workload a system can handle.

• Evaluate current resources such as hardware, software, and human capital.

• Analyze historical data on workload patterns and trends.

• Consider potential constraints such as budget limitations or technological limitations.

• Forecast future demands based on growth projections or new project requirements.

• Use mathematical models or sim...read more

Designing a BCDR solution involves creating a plan to ensure business continuity and disaster recovery for the data center.

• Identify critical systems and data that need to be protected

• Implement redundant infrastructure for failover and high availability

• Regularly test and update the BCDR plan to ensure effectiveness

• Consider offsite backups and data replication for additional protection

Design a URL-shortening service

• Generate a unique short code for each URL

• Store the mapping of short code to original URL in a database

• Redirect users from short URL to original URL

• Consider implementing custom short links for users

• Track analytics for shortened URLs

Design a micro arch for a given problem

• Identify the specific problem that the micro arch needs to solve

• Consider the size and scale of the micro arch in relation to the problem

• Design the structure of the micro arch to efficiently address the problem

• Ensure that the materials used are suitable for the intended purpose

Design a distributed file storage system

• Use a distributed architecture with multiple nodes for storing files

• Implement data replication for fault tolerance

• Utilize a distributed consensus algorithm like Raft or Paxos for coordination

• Include a metadata service for tracking file locations and versions

Set up email forwarding to consolidate all emails in one inbox

• Set up email forwarding from all individual email accounts to one central email address

• Use email filters to organize incoming emails based on sender or subject

• Consider using a third-party email management tool to streamline the process

Design a Cron job scheduler for automating tasks at specific times.

• Define the schedule using cron expressions (e.g. '0 0 * * *' for daily at midnight)

• Implement a job queue to manage tasks and their execution

• Include error handling and logging for monitoring and troubleshooting

• Consider scalability and performance optimizations for handling large number of jobs

Design a web crawler system to gather information from websites

• Identify the websites to crawl and the specific information to extract

• Implement a system to crawl the websites and extract the desired information

• Store the extracted data in a database for further analysis

• Consider scalability and efficiency in the design of the web crawler system

A sliding window rate limiter limits the rate of incoming requests within a sliding time window.

• Define a time window and a maximum number of requests allowed within that window

• Track the number of requests received within the window using a data structure like a queue or circular buffer

• Reject requests that exceed the maximum allowed within the window

• Slide the window forward as time passes, removing requests that fall outside the window and adding new requests

• Consider using a t...read more

Design a scalable logging system for 1000 hosts.

• Use a centralized logging server to collect logs from all hosts.

• Implement log rotation to manage disk space efficiently.

• Consider using a distributed logging system like Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana (ELK stack).

Design a high level design for a subset of Instagram features.

• User authentication and profile creation

• Photo and video uploading with filters

• News feed displaying posts from followed users

• Like, comment, and share functionality

• Direct messaging between users

Designing an analytics system for data analysis and visualization

• Define the goals and objectives of the analytics system

• Identify the data sources and types of data to be collected

• Choose appropriate tools and technologies for data processing and analysis

• Design a data model and architecture for storing and accessing data

• Implement data visualization techniques for presenting insights to users

Design a front end logging system for tracking user actions and errors.

• Implement a client-side logging library to capture user interactions and errors.

• Include different log levels (e.g. info, warning, error) for better categorization.

• Utilize browser's console API or custom API endpoints to send logs to server for storage and analysis.

• Consider adding timestamps, user IDs, and other relevant metadata to each log entry.

• Provide a user-friendly interface for developers to view and...read more

I would approach a scheduler service at scale by implementing a distributed system architecture with load balancing and fault tolerance.

• Implement a distributed system architecture to handle the increased load and ensure scalability

• Utilize load balancing techniques to evenly distribute tasks among multiple servers

• Implement fault tolerance mechanisms to ensure high availability and reliability

• Monitor performance metrics and adjust resources dynamically to optimize efficiency

• Con...read more

High availability architecture ensures systems are always operational, minimizing downtime and ensuring reliability.

• Utilizes redundancy to ensure no single point of failure

• Includes load balancing to distribute traffic evenly

• Incorporates failover mechanisms to switch to backup systems seamlessly

• Uses monitoring and alerting to quickly identify and address issues

• Examples: Amazon Web Services (AWS) Auto Scaling, Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Load Balancing

Design a write ahead logger

• Choose a storage medium (file, database, etc.)

• Implement a buffer to store log entries before writing to storage

• Ensure atomicity of write operations to prevent data corruption

• Include timestamp and transaction ID in log entries

• Implement a mechanism to recover from crashes or failures

Current system is a web-based application for managing customer data and orders.

• Frontend built with React for user interface

• Backend built with Node.js and Express for server-side logic

• Database using MySQL for storing customer data and orders

• Authentication using JWT tokens for secure access

Design a system for booking airplane tickets efficiently and securely.

• Create a user-friendly interface for customers to search and book flights.

• Implement a secure payment system for processing transactions.

• Include features for managing flight schedules, seat availability, and pricing.

• Integrate with airlines' reservation systems for real-time updates.

• Provide options for seat selection, meal preferences, and special requests.

• Generate e-tickets and send confirmation emails to cu...read more

Design a video streaming service similar to Netflix

• Utilize a content delivery network (CDN) for efficient video streaming

• Implement recommendation algorithms based on user preferences and viewing history

• Include a user-friendly interface with personalized profiles and watchlists

• Ensure secure payment processing and user data protection

• Offer offline viewing options for subscribers on mobile devices

Parameters considered while designing a system

• Functional requirements

• Performance requirements

• Scalability

• Security

• Maintainability

• Cost

• User experience

• Integration with existing systems

I would implement a machine learning algorithm to optimize the system's performance and efficiency.

• Implementing a recommendation system to suggest personalized content to users based on their preferences and behavior.

• Integrating natural language processing to improve the system's ability to understand and respond to user queries.

• Utilizing predictive analytics to forecast future trends and make data-driven decisions for the system.

• Introducing automated testing and deployment p...read more

Designing Uber for blind would involve implementing features like voice-guided navigation, tactile feedback, and accessible interfaces.

• Implement voice-guided navigation to provide step-by-step directions to the blind user.

• Include tactile feedback in the app to help users locate their ride or confirm their location.

• Design accessible interfaces with high contrast colors, large fonts, and screen reader compatibility.

• Offer alternative communication methods such as text-to-speech ...read more

Design a toll system for collecting fees from vehicles using RFID technology.

• Implement RFID technology for automatic vehicle identification

• Set up toll booths with RFID readers to detect vehicles

• Calculate toll fees based on vehicle type, distance traveled, and time of day

• Provide payment options such as prepaid accounts or credit card payments

Design Uber supplier dispatch

• Create a system to match drivers with riders based on location and availability

• Use real-time data to optimize dispatching and reduce wait times

• Implement a rating system to ensure quality service from drivers

• Integrate with payment and mapping systems for seamless user experience

The item storage app should have a user-friendly interface and efficient search functionality.

• Design a simple and intuitive user interface with easy navigation.

• Include a search bar for quick access to items.

• Implement a categorization system for easy organization of items.

• Allow users to add, edit, and delete items.

• Incorporate a barcode scanner for easy item input.

• Ensure data security and privacy.

• Consider cloud storage for easy access across devices.

Proposed system for a popular media stream service

• Implement a recommendation engine to suggest content based on user preferences and viewing history

• Integrate with social media platforms to allow users to share and discuss content

• Provide multiple subscription options with varying levels of access and features

• Ensure high-quality streaming with minimal buffering through the use of content delivery networks

• Implement robust security measures to protect user data and prevent piracy

An ordering system with multithreading for efficient processing

• Use a queue data structure to store incoming orders

• Create multiple threads to process orders concurrently

• Implement synchronization mechanisms to prevent race conditions

• Consider using a thread pool to manage threads

• Use locks or semaphores to ensure thread safety

Design a scalable ID generator service for unique identification of entities.

• Use a combination of timestamp, unique machine identifier, and sequence number to generate IDs.

• Implement a distributed system to ensure uniqueness of generated IDs.

• Consider using a centralized service for ID generation to avoid conflicts.

• Use a high-performance database for storing generated IDs.

• Implement error handling and retry mechanisms in case of failures.

Design a system to match users with the nearest available driver like Uber.

• Use geolocation data from both users and drivers to calculate distances.

• Implement a matching algorithm to pair users with the nearest available driver.

• Consider factors like traffic conditions, driver availability, and user preferences.

• Utilize real-time updates to continuously update driver availability and user locations.

Design a system similar to YouTube for video sharing and streaming

• Implement user authentication and authorization for uploading and viewing videos

• Create a database to store video metadata, user information, and comments

• Develop a recommendation algorithm based on user preferences and viewing history

• Utilize a content delivery network (CDN) for efficient video streaming

• Include features like video monetization, live streaming, and video analytics

Current system architecture includes microservices, containerization, and cloud deployment.

• Utilizes microservices architecture for scalability and flexibility

• Uses containerization technology like Docker for easy deployment and management

• Leverages cloud services such as AWS or Azure for infrastructure

• Follows DevOps practices for continuous integration and delivery

Design a Zomato app for food ordering and delivery

• Create a user-friendly interface for browsing restaurants and menus

• Implement a search function for finding specific cuisines or dishes

• Include a rating and review system for restaurants and dishes

• Integrate a payment gateway for secure transactions

• Develop a tracking system for delivery status

• Provide customer support through chat or call

• Partner with restaurants for exclusive deals and discounts

An Elastic Load Balancer distributes incoming traffic across multiple targets to ensure high availability and scalability.

• Choose the appropriate load balancer type (Application, Network, Classic)

• Configure health checks to ensure traffic is only sent to healthy targets

• Set up auto scaling groups to automatically add or remove targets based on traffic

• Use security groups to control access to the load balancer and targets

• Consider using SSL/TLS encryption for secure traffic

• Monitor ...read more

Design an ad-click aggregation service for tracking and analyzing ad clicks.

• Use a distributed system to handle high volume of ad click data

• Implement real-time processing for immediate insights on ad performance

• Utilize a database to store aggregated ad click data for reporting and analysis

I prioritize critical systems and work with the team to find temporary solutions while addressing the root cause.

• Identify critical systems and prioritize them

• Collaborate with the team to find temporary solutions

• Address the root cause to prevent future shortages

• Maintain open communication with stakeholders

I designed and implemented a scalable microservices architecture using Docker and Kubernetes.

• Analyzed the requirements and identified the need for a microservices architecture

• Created Docker containers for each microservice to ensure portability and consistency

• Utilized Kubernetes for orchestration and scaling of the microservices

• Implemented service discovery and load balancing using Kubernetes

• Monitored the performance of the microservices using Prometheus and Grafana

Design a logging service to capture and store application logs

• Define log levels (e.g. INFO, DEBUG, ERROR)

• Implement log formatting and timestamping

• Support log rotation and retention policies

• Consider scalability and performance for high volume logs

• Integrate with monitoring and alerting systems

Implementing a transaction fraud detection system

• Utilize machine learning algorithms to analyze transaction patterns and detect anomalies

• Implement real-time monitoring to flag suspicious transactions

• Utilize historical data to train the system and improve accuracy

• Implement multi-factor authentication for high-risk transactions

• Collaborate with financial institutions and law enforcement agencies to share information and improve fraud detection

Design a zomato delivery system for efficient food delivery

• Implement a user-friendly app for customers to place orders

• Develop a system for restaurants to receive and manage orders

• Create a network of delivery drivers for timely delivery

• Include a rating system for customers to provide feedback on orders

• Utilize GPS tracking for real-time order tracking

Design a distributed trading system platform

• Utilize microservices architecture for scalability and fault tolerance

• Implement message queues for asynchronous communication between components

• Use distributed databases for data storage and retrieval

• Implement load balancing and auto-scaling for handling varying loads

• Ensure security measures such as encryption and authentication are in place

Design a car hotel booking system

• Create a database to store information about available car hotels

• Implement a search feature for users to find and book car hotels

• Include a booking system with payment integration

• Allow users to leave reviews and ratings for car hotels

Design a system to update end users SDKs.

• Implement an automated update system that checks for new SDK versions regularly.

• Provide notifications to end users about available updates.

• Allow users to manually trigger updates if needed.

• Ensure backward compatibility with older SDK versions.

• Track update history and provide release notes for each update.

A zoo management system to track animals, enclosures, staff, and visitor information.

• Create classes for animals, enclosures, staff, and visitors

• Implement functions for adding, updating, and deleting records

• Include features for scheduling feeding times, cleaning enclosures, and managing staff shifts

Design a marketplace system for buying and selling goods and services.

• Create user accounts for buyers and sellers

• Implement search and filter functionality for easy browsing

• Include secure payment processing system

• Allow users to leave reviews and ratings for products/services

• Provide customer support and dispute resolution

• Consider scalability and performance for handling large volumes of transactions

Designing a centralized application system involves creating a single point of access for all users and data.

• Identify the core functionalities and data that need to be centralized

• Choose a suitable architecture such as microservices or monolithic

• Implement a centralized database or data warehouse for storing and accessing data

• Use APIs and integration tools to connect different components of the system

• Implement security measures to protect the centralized system from unauthorize...read more

Design a tracking id system for monitoring and identifying items or entities.

• Generate unique tracking IDs using a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols

• Include information such as date, time, location, and type of item in the tracking ID

• Use a centralized database to store and retrieve tracking information

• Implement security measures to prevent tampering or duplication of tracking IDs

Design a demand planning system for efficient forecasting and inventory management.

• Utilize historical sales data to identify trends and seasonality

• Incorporate external factors like market trends, promotions, and competitor activities

• Implement machine learning algorithms for accurate demand forecasting

• Integrate with inventory management systems for optimized stock levels

• Regularly review and adjust the system based on performance metrics

Our current system architecture is a microservices-based architecture designed for scalability and flexibility.

• Utilizes microservices to break down the system into smaller, independent services

• Uses containers for easy deployment and scaling

• Employs API gateways for managing and routing traffic

• Includes a message broker for asynchronous communication between services

Design an airline service for booking flights and managing reservations.

• Create a user-friendly website or mobile app for customers to search and book flights.

• Implement a secure payment system for online bookings.

• Develop a system for managing flight schedules, seat availability, and reservations.

• Include features for customers to check-in online, select seats, and view flight status.

• Offer loyalty programs and discounts for frequent flyers.

Design a high-performance in-memory cache system for storing and retrieving data efficiently.

• Use a hash table or a key-value store to store data in memory

• Implement caching strategies like LRU (Least Recently Used) or LFU (Least Frequently Used) to manage cache eviction

• Consider using a distributed cache for scalability and fault tolerance

• Optimize cache size and expiration policies based on the application's data access patterns

Implement a throttling system to handle dropped messages from a slow downstream service.

• Implement a queue to store messages from the downstream service.

• Set a maximum queue size and drop messages when the queue is full.

• Use a timestamp to track when messages were received and process them in order.

• Implement a retry mechanism to reprocess dropped messages after a certain time.

• Monitor the queue size and processing speed to adjust throttling parameters as needed.

Design an online system to book salon professionals like Urban Company.

• User registration and login system

• Search functionality to find salon professionals based on location, services offered, ratings, etc.

• Booking system with calendar availability and payment integration

• Review and rating system for users to provide feedback on salon professionals

• Notification system for booking confirmations, reminders, and updates