60+ Interview Questions and Answers

Led a project to implement a cloud-based data analytics platform using AWS services and Python tech stack.

• Designed architecture for data analytics platform using AWS services like S3, Glue, and Athena.

• Implemented ETL processes using Python and Apache Spark for data transformation and analysis.

• Integrated machine learning models into the platform for predictive analytics.

• Ensured scalability and performance optimization of the platform through continuous monitoring and tuning.

• Co...read more

Finding overlapping intervals for calculating final payment of store worker

• Identify all the intervals for which the worker is eligible for payment

• Check for overlapping intervals and merge them

• Calculate the final payment based on the merged intervals

Assessing program benefits involves identifying key metrics, collecting data, analyzing results, and comparing against goals.

• Identify key metrics to measure success, such as cost savings, revenue growth, customer satisfaction, etc.

• Collect relevant data to track progress and measure impact of the program.

• Analyze the data to determine if the program is meeting its objectives and delivering expected benefits.

• Compare the results against the initial goals and objectives to assess ...read more

Managing stakeholders expectations and demands is crucial for successful project delivery.

• Establish clear communication channels with stakeholders

• Set realistic expectations from the beginning

• Regularly update stakeholders on project progress

• Address any concerns or issues promptly

• Seek feedback from stakeholders to ensure alignment

Identifying loopholes in a security model and proposing security controls to improve it.

• Identify potential vulnerabilities such as weak authentication methods, lack of encryption, or inadequate access controls

• Implement strong authentication measures like multi-factor authentication to prevent unauthorized access

• Encrypt sensitive data both in transit and at rest to protect it from unauthorized access

• Implement strict access controls to limit who can access certain resources or ...read more

Opex refers to operational expenses, while Capex refers to capital expenses.

• Opex includes day-to-day expenses like salaries, rent, utilities, and maintenance.

• Capex involves investments in assets that provide long-term value, such as equipment, property, and infrastructure.

• Opex is typically incurred regularly and is fully tax-deductible in the year it is incurred.

• Capex is usually depreciated over time as the asset is used to generate revenue.

• Opex is considered a short-term exp...read more

Solution architecture and block diagram involves designing the overall structure of a system and visually representing it.

• Identify key components and their interactions

• Define data flow and communication protocols

• Consider scalability, security, and performance

• Use tools like UML diagrams or flowcharts

• Example: AWS architecture with EC2 instances, S3 storage, and RDS database

Managing conflicting priorities involves prioritizing tasks, communicating effectively, and being flexible.

• Prioritize tasks based on importance and deadlines

• Communicate with stakeholders to understand their needs and expectations

• Be flexible and willing to adjust plans as needed

• Use tools like project management software to track progress and manage tasks

Design a system for companies to schedule events, manage seats, and allow only employees to book shows.

• Create a database to store company information, event schedules, seat availability, and employee details

• Implement an authentication system to verify employee credentials

• Develop a user interface for companies to define event schedules, seat availability, and prices

• Allow employees to search and book shows based on their company affiliation

• Ensure proper validation and error han...read more

It depends on the specific security requirements and resources of the organization.

• Consider the sensitivity of the data being stored and processed.

• Evaluate the organization's budget and resources for maintaining security measures.

• Assess the expertise of the IT team in managing security for both SaaS and on-prem solutions.

• SaaS may offer better scalability and accessibility, but on-prem may provide more control over security measures.

• Hybrid solutions combining both SaaS and on-...read more

Netflix revenue model is based on subscription fees from customers for access to their streaming service.

• Netflix generates revenue primarily through subscription fees paid by customers for access to their streaming service.

• They offer different subscription plans with varying prices and features, such as Basic, Standard, and Premium.

• Netflix also generates revenue through partnerships and licensing deals with other companies for content distribution.

• Revenue is recognized when s...read more

I would design a store that is visually appealing, easy to navigate, and optimized for customer experience.

• Consider the target demographic and their preferences

• Create a layout that encourages flow and exploration

• Utilize strategic lighting and signage to highlight key products

• Incorporate technology for interactive displays or self-checkout options

• Ensure accessibility for all customers, including those with disabilities

Project phases are distinct stages in a project's lifecycle, each with specific goals and deliverables.

• Initiation: Define project scope, objectives, and stakeholders.

• Planning: Create a detailed project plan, including timelines and resources.

• Execution: Implement the project plan and deliver the project's objectives.

• Monitoring and Controlling: Track project progress, identify issues, and make necessary adjustments.

• Closing: Finalize all project activities, deliver the final pro...read more

Program values and benefits are essential for successful project management, ensuring alignment with organizational goals and delivering value to stakeholders.

• Program values define the principles and beliefs that guide decision-making and behavior within the program.

• Benefits are the positive outcomes or results that the program aims to achieve, such as cost savings, increased efficiency, or improved customer satisfaction.

• Aligning program values with organizational values help...read more

I have experienced failures in past projects and have learned valuable lessons from them.

• Recognizing the importance of clear communication and setting expectations early on

• Implementing regular project status updates to stakeholders to avoid surprises

• Documenting lessons learned to prevent repeating the same mistakes in future projects

Schedule and effort estimation is crucial for successful project management.

• Understand the scope of the project and break it down into smaller tasks

• Estimate the time and resources required for each task

• Consider dependencies between tasks and potential risks

• Use historical data or expert judgment to improve accuracy

• Regularly review and update the schedule as needed

Quality is crucial in delivering successful projects. Various tools like Jira, Confluence, and Jenkins are commonly used to ensure high quality.

• Quality assurance processes are essential to maintain high standards in project deliverables

• Tools like Jira are used for issue tracking and project management

• Confluence is used for documentation and collaboration among team members

• Jenkins is used for continuous integration and continuous delivery to automate testing and deployment pro...read more

EVPN is important in VXLAN for efficient Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity in data center networks.

• EVPN provides a scalable control plane for VXLAN overlays

• It enables efficient Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity between endpoints in a data center network

• EVPN allows for multi-tenancy and seamless VM mobility within the data center

• It simplifies network provisioning and management in large-scale environments

EVPN is used as the control plane in VXLAN to provide efficient and scalable layer 2 and layer 3 connectivity in data center networks.

• EVPN allows for dynamic MAC address learning and distribution across the VXLAN network.

• EVPN provides a scalable solution for layer 2 and layer 3 connectivity in large data center networks.

• EVPN supports multi-tenancy and allows for efficient traffic forwarding in VXLAN environments.

• EVPN simplifies network management and troubleshooting by centra...read more

An offline store management system is a software that helps manage inventory, sales, and customer data in a physical store without an internet connection.

• The system should have a database to store product information, sales data, and customer information.

• It should have a user-friendly interface for employees to input and access data.

• The system should be able to generate reports on sales, inventory levels, and customer data.

• It should have a backup system in case of data loss o...read more

Arrays are fixed in size and contiguous in memory, while linked lists are dynamic and non-contiguous.

• Arrays have constant time access to elements, while linked lists require traversal.

• Arrays are better for random access, while linked lists are better for insertion and deletion.

• Arrays use less memory overhead, while linked lists use more due to pointers.

• Examples: array of integers vs linked list of nodes.

• Examples: array of characters vs linked list of strings.

I would use the stones to create a unique and functional piece of outdoor furniture.

• Use one stone as a base and two as armrests to create a stone bench

• Stack the stones to create a small table for outdoor dining

• Arrange the stones in a circle to create a fire pit for outdoor gatherings

Explaining algorithms for various problem statements

• For sorting: bubble sort, insertion sort, merge sort, quick sort

• For searching: linear search, binary search

• For graph traversal: breadth-first search, depth-first search

• For dynamic programming: Fibonacci sequence, knapsack problem

• For string manipulation: string reversal, palindrome check

Memory management in linked lists involves allocation and deallocation of nodes.

• Dynamic memory allocation is used to create nodes in a linked list.

• Memory leaks can occur if nodes are not properly deallocated.

• Freed memory should be returned to the operating system using free() function.

• Using a garbage collector can automate memory management in linked lists.

Challenging situations in large program execution

• Managing conflicting priorities and deadlines

• Dealing with unexpected changes in scope or requirements

• Handling communication and coordination among multiple teams and stakeholders

• Resolving resource constraints and budget limitations

Code for Boggle game

• Create a 2D grid of letters

• Generate all possible words using the grid and a dictionary

• Implement a search algorithm to find valid words

• Track score based on word length and rarity

• Allow for multiple players and rounds

BGP attributes are used to influence routing decisions in Border Gateway Protocol.

• BGP attributes include AS_PATH, NEXT_HOP, LOCAL_PREF, MED, etc.

• AS_PATH is used to prevent routing loops and determine the best path to a destination.

• NEXT_HOP specifies the next router to reach a particular destination.

• LOCAL_PREF is used to influence outbound traffic from a BGP router.

• MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator) is used to influence inbound traffic from neighboring ASes.

• Other attributes like O...read more

Performing a security architecture review on the provided model.

• Identify potential security vulnerabilities in the architecture

• Evaluate the effectiveness of security controls in place

• Assess the overall security posture of the system

• Recommend improvements to enhance security measures

The important thing in site engineering is proper planning and coordination.

• Proper planning ensures that all tasks are executed efficiently and on time.

• Coordination among different teams and stakeholders ensures smooth workflow and prevents delays.

• Attention to safety measures and adherence to regulations is crucial.

• Effective communication and problem-solving skills are essential for site engineers.

• Quality control and monitoring of construction activities are important for suc...read more

BGP attributes are characteristics used to make routing decisions in Border Gateway Protocol.

• BGP attributes include AS Path, Next Hop, Local Preference, MED, Origin, and Weight.

• AS Path is a list of AS numbers that the route has traversed.

• Next Hop is the IP address of the next router to reach the destination.

• Local Preference is used to influence outbound traffic.

• MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator) is used to influence inbound traffic.

• Origin indicates how the route was learned (IGP,...read more

Tesco's annual report highlighted a strong increase in online sales and a focus on sustainability initiatives.

• Tesco reported a 77% increase in online sales during the pandemic.

• The company outlined its commitment to reducing food waste and plastic packaging.

• Tesco's annual report also mentioned investments in renewable energy and community initiatives.

Algorithm to find the maximum element in an array of strings

• Iterate through the array and compare each element to find the maximum

• Initialize a variable to store the maximum element and update it as needed

• Return the maximum element at the end of the iteration

Yes, I am willing to relocate for the Senior Reporting Analyst position.

• I am open to moving to a new location for the right opportunity.

• I understand that relocation may be necessary for career growth.

• I have previously relocated for work and am comfortable with the process.

• I am excited about the possibility of exploring a new city or region.

A site engineer is responsible for overseeing construction projects, ensuring they are completed on time, within budget, and meet quality standards.

• Supervising and managing construction activities on site

• Ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations

• Coordinating with architects, contractors, and other stakeholders

• Monitoring progress and resolving any issues or delays

• Performing quality control checks and inspections

• Preparing reports and documentation

• Ensuring safety me...read more

Designing a highly scalable inventory management system involves utilizing distributed databases, microservices architecture, and efficient data processing techniques.

• Utilize distributed databases to handle large volumes of data and ensure high availability.

• Implement microservices architecture to modularize the system and allow for easy scalability.

• Use efficient data processing techniques such as batch processing and stream processing to handle real-time updates and analytics...read more

The schedule of clockwise rotation refers to the order in which objects or events occur in a clockwise direction.

• Clockwise rotation follows the direction of a clock's hands, moving from the top to the right, then down, left, and back to the top.

• The schedule of clockwise rotation can be used to determine the sequence of tasks or events in a system.

• For example, in a manufacturing process, the schedule of clockwise rotation may indicate the order in which different machines or s...read more

FSMO roles are the 5 special roles in Active Directory that are responsible for managing different aspects of the domain.

• There are 5 FSMO roles: Schema Master, Domain Naming Master, RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Master

• Schema Master: responsible for making changes to the schema

• Domain Naming Master: responsible for adding or removing domains in the forest

• RID Master: responsible for allocating RIDs to domain controllers

• PDC Emulator: responsible for time synchroniz...read more

SLA at work refers to the agreed upon level of service that a facility manager is responsible for delivering.

• SLA stands for Service Level Agreement.

• It outlines the specific services to be provided, performance metrics, and expected response times.

• Facility managers ensure compliance with SLAs to meet client expectations.

• Examples of SLAs in facility management include maintenance response times, cleaning frequencies, and equipment uptime.

• SLAs help establish clear expectations a...read more

Sliding window problem

• Sliding window technique is used to efficiently solve problems involving arrays or strings

• It involves maintaining a window of elements and sliding it through the array or string

• Common applications include finding maximum or minimum subarrays, substring problems, etc.

General Accepted Accounting Principle refers to a common set of accounting standards and procedures used in the preparation of financial statements.

• GAAP ensures consistency and comparability in financial reporting

• GAAP includes principles such as the cost principle, revenue recognition principle, and matching principle

• GAAP is important for investors, creditors, and other stakeholders to make informed decisions based on financial information

Return the maximum element of an array

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the maximum element found so far

• Compare each element with the current maximum and update if a larger element is found

• Return the maximum element after iterating through the entire array

A palindrome is a word, phrase, number, or other sequence of characters that reads the same forward and backward.

• Check if the given string is equal to its reverse

• Ignore spaces and punctuation marks while checking for palindrome

• Convert the string to lowercase before checking for palindrome

Design a cab booking system for users to book rides with drivers.

• Create a database to store user information, driver information, and ride details.

• Implement a user interface for users to book rides, view ride history, and track ongoing rides.

• Develop algorithms for matching users with available drivers based on location and availability.

• Include features like fare estimation, real-time tracking, and payment options.

• Ensure security measures for user data and transactions.

• Conside...read more

Design a high level architecture for Twitter

• Use microservices architecture for scalability and maintainability

• Implement a distributed system for handling high traffic

• Use a NoSQL database like MongoDB for storing tweets and user data

• Implement a caching layer using Redis for faster retrieval of tweets

• Use a message queue like Kafka for handling real-time notifications

IFRS 15 is a financial reporting standard that outlines the principles for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers.

• IFRS 15 provides a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers.

• It specifies the criteria for recognizing revenue and how to measure the amount of revenue to be recognized.

• The standard requires entities to identify performance obligations in a contract and allocate the transaction price to these obligations.

• IFRS 15 im...read more

Commercial income refers to revenue generated from business activities or sales of products/services.

• Commercial income is essential for the financial sustainability of a business.

• It includes revenue from sales, services, licensing, advertising, and other business activities.

• Examples of commercial income sources include product sales, subscription fees, and sponsorship deals.

Check power source, battery, connections, and hardware issues

• Check if the laptop is plugged in and the power source is working

• Try a different power outlet or power cable

• Remove the battery and try powering on with just the AC adapter

• Check for loose connections or damaged power button

• Test with a different charger or battery if possible

To sort an array in defined order, use the sort() method with a custom compare function.

• Define the desired order in a compare function

• Pass the compare function as an argument to the sort() method

• The compare function should return a negative value if the first argument should come before the second, a positive value if it should come after, and 0 if they are equal

Given a list of meeting time intervals, find the minimum number of conference rooms required.

• Sort the intervals based on start time

• Use a min heap to keep track of end times of ongoing meetings

• If the start time of a meeting is greater than the end time of the earliest meeting in the heap, remove that meeting from heap

• Add the end time of the current meeting to the heap

Postman is a popular tool for API testing, allowing users to send requests, receive responses, and automate testing workflows.

• Postman allows users to easily create and send API requests using a user-friendly interface.

• Users can organize their API requests into collections for easier management and sharing.

• Postman supports various authentication methods, including basic authentication, OAuth, and API keys.

• Users can write test scripts in JavaScript to automate testing and valid...read more

Joins in MS SQL are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on related columns.

• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables in a single query.

• Common types of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN.

• Joins are performed based on matching values in specified columns.

• Joins can be used to fetch related data from different tables using foreign key relationships.

• Joins can be used to filter data based on specific conditions using WHERE clause...read more

Slump value of column is a measure of consistency of fresh concrete.

• Slump value is determined by measuring the change in height of the concrete when a cone is removed.

• It indicates the workability of the concrete mix.

• Different slump values are required for different types of construction projects.

• For example, a high slump value is needed for concrete that needs to be pumped long distances.

Developing a web application for a healthcare company to manage patient records and appointments.

• Using React for front-end development

• Implementing RESTful APIs with Node.js for back-end functionality

• Utilizing MongoDB for database management

IT support keys are essential for providing efficient technical assistance to users.

• Effective communication skills are crucial for understanding and addressing user issues

• Strong problem-solving abilities are necessary to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues

• Knowledge of various operating systems, software applications, and hardware components is important for providing accurate support