10+ System Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Array of pointers is an array containing memory addresses of variables, while pointer to an array is a pointer pointing to the first element of an array.

• Array of pointers can be used to store multiple strings, each string being a pointer to a character array.

• Pointer to an array can be used to access elements of an array using pointer arithmetic.

• Array of pointers can be dynamically allocated using malloc() function.

• Pointer to an array can be passed as an argument to a function...read more

Program to reverse a string

• Create an empty string to store the reversed string

• Iterate through the original string from end to start

• Append each character to the new string

• Return the reversed string

Slew rate is the rate at which an electrical signal changes over time.

• Slew rate measures how quickly the voltage of a signal can change.

• It is typically expressed in volts per microsecond (V/μs).

• A high slew rate indicates a signal can change rapidly, while a low slew rate indicates a slower change.

• Slew rate is important in applications where fast signal transitions are required, such as in amplifiers or digital circuits.

Hamming distance is the number of positions at which the corresponding symbols are different between two strings of equal length.

• Hamming distance is used in coding theory, information theory, and cryptography.

• It is also used in DNA analysis to measure the genetic distance between two sequences.

• For example, the Hamming distance between '10101' and '11100' is 2.

• It can be calculated by comparing each symbol in the two strings and counting the number of differences.

• Hamming distan...read more

A program to print name using an array of strings.

• Declare an array of strings with the name.

• Assign the name to the array.

• Loop through the array and print each string.

A flip-flop is a digital circuit that can store a single bit of information.

• It has two stable states: 0 and 1.

• It can be used to store data, count pulses, and synchronize digital circuits.

• Examples include D flip-flop, JK flip-flop, and T flip-flop.

An oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic, oscillating electronic signal.

• Oscillators are used in many electronic devices, such as radios, televisions, and computers.

• They are also used in clocks, watches, and other timekeeping devices.

• There are many different types of oscillators, including crystal oscillators, LC oscillators, and RC oscillators.

• Oscillators can produce signals at a wide range of frequencies, from a few hertz to many gigahertz.

• They are ess...read more

Gain is the increase in signal power or amplitude produced by an amplifier or other electronic device.

• Gain is a measure of amplification.

• It is the ratio of output power to input power.

• It can be expressed in decibels (dB).

• For example, if an amplifier has a gain of 10, it will increase the input signal by a factor of 10.

• Gain is an important parameter in designing and analyzing electronic circuits.

Resonance is the phenomenon of an object vibrating at its natural frequency due to the influence of an external force.

• Resonance occurs when an object is subjected to an external force that matches its natural frequency.

• This causes the object to vibrate with increasing amplitude.

• Examples of resonance include a tuning fork vibrating when struck, a wine glass shattering due to a high-pitched sound, and a bridge collapsing due to wind-induced vibrations.

• Resonance can be both bene...read more

Accessing nested index using pointer in C/C++

• Use the arrow operator (->) to access the nested structure element

• Use the dereference operator (*) to access the nested array element

• Example: ptr->nestedStruct.nestedArray[*].element

• Example: (*ptr).nestedArray[*].element

An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and is meant to be subclassed.

• An abstract class can have abstract and non-abstract methods.

• Abstract methods have no implementation and must be implemented by the subclass.

• A subclass can only extend one abstract class but can implement multiple interfaces.

• Example: Animal is an abstract class with abstract method 'makeSound'. Dog and Cat are subclasses that implement 'makeSound'.

Abstract is a class while interface is a contract. Abstract can have implementation while interface cannot.

• Abstract class can have constructors while interface cannot

• Abstract class can have non-abstract methods while interface cannot

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class

Functional pointers program

• Use pointers to pass functions as arguments

• Function pointers can be used to implement callbacks

• Function pointers can be used to implement polymorphism

Time complexity of binary tree operations is O(log n) for balanced trees and O(n) for unbalanced trees.

• Balanced binary trees have a time complexity of O(log n) for operations like search, insert, and delete.

• Unbalanced binary trees have a time complexity of O(n) for operations like search, insert, and delete.

• Examples: AVL trees, Red-Black trees are balanced trees with O(log n) time complexity. Binary search trees can become unbalanced with O(n) time complexity.

Type of traversal refers to the method used to visit all nodes in a data structure.

• There are three main types of traversal: in-order, pre-order, and post-order.

• In-order traversal visits left subtree, current node, then right subtree.

• Pre-order traversal visits current node, left subtree, then right subtree.

• Post-order traversal visits left subtree, right subtree, then current node.