1500+ System Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

The person can escape the island by creating a firebreak or finding a body of water.

• Create a firebreak by clearing a path of grass around oneself to prevent the fire from spreading.

• Look for a body of water such as a lake, river, or ocean to escape the fire.

• If no water source is available, try to find a sheltered area with less dry grass to wait for the fire to pass.

• Use any available tools or materials to help create a firebreak or signal for help.

Ladder logic programming is a graphical programming language used for PLCs, with basic elements like contacts, coils, timers, and counters.

• Ladder logic consists of rungs, which are made up of inputs (contacts) and outputs (coils).

• Contacts represent conditions that must be met for the output to be energized.

• Coils are outputs that are energized when the conditions of the contacts are met.

• Timers and counters are used to control the timing and counting functions in the program.

• Ex...read more

Scheduling in operating systems involves managing the execution of processes to optimize resource utilization.

• Scheduling determines which process gets the CPU next based on priority, time slice, etc.

• Types of scheduling algorithms include FCFS, Round Robin, Priority Scheduling, etc.

• Schedulers can be preemptive (interruptible) or non-preemptive (run to completion).

PLC inputs and outputs include digital inputs, digital outputs, analog inputs, and analog outputs.

• Digital inputs: used for receiving binary signals (on/off, high/low). Examples: push buttons, limit switches.

• Digital outputs: used for sending binary signals. Examples: relays, solenoids.

• Analog inputs: used for receiving continuous signals. Examples: temperature sensors, pressure transducers.

• Analog outputs: used for sending continuous signals. Examples: variable frequency drives,...read more

VPN is a secure connection between two or more devices over the internet.

• VPN encrypts data to ensure privacy and security

• It allows remote access to a private network

• It can be used to bypass geo-restrictions and access blocked content

• Examples include OpenVPN, Cisco AnyConnect, and NordVPN

Recover files by booting from a recovery disk or using data recovery software.

• Boot from a recovery disk and attempt to recover files

• Use data recovery software to scan the hard drive for recoverable files

• If the laptop has a backup system, restore files from the backup

• Avoid using the laptop until the files are recovered to prevent overwriting data

A program for creating a date selector from calendar.

• Create a calendar UI with selectable dates

• Implement logic to highlight selected date

• Add functionality to navigate between months and years

• Integrate with backend to fetch and display events on selected date

Code to start a simple Web server in JavaScript

• Use Node.js to create a simple web server

• Require the 'http' module

• Use the createServer method to create a server instance

• Listen on a specific port for incoming requests

I would calmly acknowledge the bug, communicate the issue and steps being taken to resolve it, and work quickly to fix it without causing panic.

• Acknowledge the bug calmly and professionally

• Communicate the issue and steps being taken to resolve it

• Work quickly to fix the bug without causing panic

• Provide updates to the client on the progress

Selenium components include Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, Selenium Grid, and Selenium RC.

• Selenium IDE: Record and playback tool for creating test scripts without programming.

• Selenium WebDriver: Automation tool for writing test scripts in various programming languages.

• Selenium Grid: Tool for running tests in parallel on multiple machines or browsers.

• Selenium RC (Remote Control): Deprecated tool for running tests in multiple browsers.

Stored procedures are pre-written SQL codes that can be saved and reused.

• Stored procedures can improve database performance by reducing network traffic.

• They can be used to enforce business rules and security measures.

• They can be parameterized to accept input values and return output values.

• Examples include procedures for inserting, updating, and deleting data.

• They can also be used for complex operations such as data aggregation and reporting.

Troubleshooting email outlook related issues involves checking settings, connectivity, and account status.

• Check internet connectivity

• Verify account settings

• Check for updates and patches

• Disable add-ins and extensions

• Recreate email profile

• Check server status

• Check for antivirus and firewall settings

• Try accessing email from a different device or browser

This question tests the candidate's knowledge of C programming language and output formatting.

• The code initializes an integer variable 'a' with value 100.

• The printf statement uses two format specifiers: '%0' and '%x'.

• The '%0' specifier is invalid and will not print anything.

• The '%x' specifier prints the value of 'a' in hexadecimal format.

• The output will be '64' in hexadecimal format.

DNS is a system that translates domain names into IP addresses. DNS records contain information about a domain's IP address and other settings.

• DNS stands for Domain Name System

• DNS translates domain names into IP addresses

• DNS records contain information about a domain's IP address and other settings

• There are different types of DNS records such as A, CNAME, MX, etc.

• To resolve a query, the DNS server looks up the requested domain name in its database and returns the correspondin...read more

System configuration refers to the process of setting up and arranging hardware and software components to work together efficiently.

• System configuration involves setting up hardware and software components to work together efficiently

• It includes configuring network settings, installing drivers, and setting up user accounts

• Examples of system configuration tools include Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager and Puppet

• Proper system configuration is essential for optimal...read more

Control structures are used to control the flow of a program. Loops are a type of control structure that allow for repeated execution of code.

• Control structures are used to make decisions and control the flow of a program.

• Loops are a type of control structure that allow for repeated execution of code.

• A for loop is a type of loop that is used to iterate over a sequence of values.

• For example, a for loop can be used to iterate over the elements of an array or the characters in a...read more

Program to find prime numbers with DML and DDL comments

• Create a program that checks if a number is prime or not

• Use a loop to iterate through numbers and check for divisibility

• Add DML comments to explain the logic of the code

• Add DDL comments to describe the structure of the program

To connect to MongoDB using Javascript, you can use the official MongoDB Node.js driver.

• Install the MongoDB Node.js driver using npm: npm install mongodb

• Require the MongoDB Node.js driver in your Javascript file: const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient

• Connect to MongoDB using MongoClient.connect() method

• Specify the MongoDB connection URL and database name in the connect() method

• Access the MongoDB database and perform operations like insert, update, delete, and find

Services and port numbers required to communicate desktop/laptop with MECM/SCCM deployment server.

• Services: SMS Agent Host, SMS Executive, SMS Site Component Manager

• Port numbers: 80 (HTTP), 443 (HTTPS), 10123 (Client notification)

• Firewall rules may need to be configured to allow communication

I know multiple coding languages including Java, Python, and C++.

• Java

• Python

• C++

Middleware in Node.js is a function that sits between the server and the client and performs various tasks.

• Middleware functions can be used to handle requests, modify responses, and perform authentication and authorization.

• Examples of middleware in Node.js include body-parser, cookie-parser, and express-session.

• Middleware functions are executed in the order they are defined in the code.

• Middleware can be used to handle errors and pass them to the error handling middleware.

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. Spring annotations are used to simplify the configuration of Spring applications. Web services use functions like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. Hashmap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs.

• Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their own class or as instances of their parent class.

• Spring annotations are used to define the behavior of Spring components and simplify the configuration pro...read more

TCP/IP model is a networking protocol suite that defines how data is transmitted over a network. DNS is a system that translates domain names to IP addresses. DHCP is a protocol that assigns IP addresses to devices on a network. Networking protocols are rules that define how data is transmitted and received over a network. Active Directory is a directory service used in Windows environments to manage users, computers, and resources. Organizational Unit is a container within A...read more

To troubleshoot a system not getting internet, I would perform the following steps.

• Check if other devices on the same network are able to connect to the internet

• Check if the network cable is properly connected to the system

• Check if the network adapter is enabled and working properly

• Check if the IP address and DNS settings are configured correctly

• Check if there are any firewall or antivirus software blocking the internet connection

• Restart the router/modem and the system

• Perform...read more

Data types include integers, floats, strings, and booleans. Variables store data. For loops iterate a set number of times. While loops iterate until a condition is met.

• Data types include int, float, string, and bool

• Variables store data and can be assigned values

• For loops iterate a set number of times based on a range or sequence

• While loops iterate until a condition is met

• Example: int x = 5; float y = 3.14; string name = 'John'; bool isTrue = true;

Functions return a value while stored procedures do not.

• Functions are used to perform a specific task and return a value to the caller.

• Stored procedures are used to execute a set of statements and do not return a value.

• Functions can be used in SELECT, WHERE, and HAVING clauses.

• Stored procedures can be used to modify data, but functions cannot.

• Functions can be called from within a stored procedure.

API configuration for frontend

• Define API endpoints and methods

• Ensure API responses are in the correct format for frontend

• Implement authentication and authorization

• Optimize API performance for frontend usage

• Document API usage for frontend developers

Access modifiers in OOPS and project explanation

• Access modifiers control the visibility of class members

• Public: accessible from anywhere

• Private: accessible only within the class

• Protected: accessible within the class and its subclasses

• Project: accessible within the same package

• Example: public class Car { private int speed; protected String model; }

• My project involved developing a web application for managing inventory

• Used Java, Spring framework, and MySQL database

• Implemented C...read more

Authoritative restore mode is used to restore the entire Active Directory while non-authoritative restore mode is used to restore individual objects.

• Authoritative restore mode restores the entire Active Directory to a specific point in time and marks it as the current version.

• Non-authoritative restore mode restores individual objects from a backup and allows replication to update the restored object.

• Authoritative restore mode is used when the entire Active Directory needs to ...read more

Control coupling and data coupling are two types of coupling in software engineering.

• Control coupling occurs when one module controls the flow of another module through parameters or flags.

• Data coupling occurs when two modules share data through parameters or global variables.

• Control coupling is considered more tightly coupled than data coupling.

• Examples of control coupling include passing a flag to a function to determine its behavior, or using a return value to control the ...read more

Exception handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors. throw is used to throw an exception while throws is used to declare an exception.

• Exception handling is used to handle runtime errors and prevent the program from crashing.

• throw keyword is used to throw an exception explicitly.

• throws keyword is used to declare an exception that can be thrown by a method.

• throw keyword is used inside a method while throws keyword is used in the method signature.

• Example: public void meth...read more

My biggest challenge during coding was debugging a complex algorithm that was causing unexpected errors.

• Debugging a complex algorithm

• Identifying and fixing unexpected errors

• Understanding the logic behind the algorithm

• Testing different scenarios to reproduce the issue

• Collaborating with team members to find a solution

Answers to technical and HR questions for System Engineer interview

• OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming which is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects

• Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. There are two types of polymorphism: compile-time and runtime

• Abstraction is the process of hiding implementation details while showing only the necessary information to the user

• SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle which is a proces...read more

Data science is a rapidly growing field that uses algorithms and techniques to extract insights and knowledge from data.

• Data science involves analyzing large amounts of data to uncover patterns, trends, and insights.

• It plays a crucial role in decision-making processes for businesses, governments, and organizations.

• Data science uses a combination of statistics, machine learning, and programming to make sense of complex data sets.

• The future of data science looks promising with ...read more

A database is a collection of data that is organized in a way that allows for easy retrieval and manipulation.

• Types of databases include relational, NoSQL, object-oriented, and graph databases.

• Arrays are a data structure that stores a collection of elements of the same type.

• Object-oriented programming concepts include inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation.

• Inheritance allows for the creation of new classes based on existing classes.

• Polymorphism allows for the use of a s...read more

Page Object Model is a design pattern in test automation that represents web pages as objects, while Page Factory is a way to initialize elements in Page Object Model.

• Page Object Model is a design pattern used in test automation to represent web pages as objects

• It helps in creating reusable code and reduces code duplication

• Page Factory is a concept in Selenium WebDriver that helps in initializing elements in Page Object Model

• It uses @FindBy annotation to locate elements on a ...read more

Types of file systems in OS include FAT, NTFS, HFS+, ext2/3/4, and APFS.

• FAT (File Allocation Table) is a simple file system used by older versions of Windows.

• NTFS (New Technology File System) is a more advanced file system used by newer versions of Windows.

• HFS+ (Hierarchical File System Plus) is used by Apple's macOS.

• ext2/3/4 are file systems used by Linux.

• APFS (Apple File System) is a newer file system used by Apple's macOS and iOS devices.

Cloud is a technology that allows users to access data and applications over the internet.

• Cloud computing is a model for delivering on-demand computing resources over the internet.

• It includes services like Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS).

• Cloud technology allows for scalability, flexibility, and cost savings compared to traditional on-premise solutions.

• Examples of cloud providers include Amazon Web Services (AW...read more

Deadlocks occur when two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to finish.

• Deadlocks happen when two or more processes are blocked and unable to proceed

• Each process is waiting for a resource that is being held by another process

• Deadlocks can be prevented by using techniques like resource allocation graphs and banker's algorithm

• Examples of deadlocks include the dining philosophers problem and the traffic deadlock problem

Routers connect networks while firewalls protect networks from unauthorized access.

• Routers direct traffic between networks while firewalls filter traffic based on predefined rules.

• Routers operate at layer 3 of the OSI model while firewalls operate at layer 4 or higher.

• Examples of routers include Cisco routers, while examples of firewalls include Fortinet firewalls.

• Routers can be used to segment networks while firewalls can be used to block malicious traffic.

• Routers are essent...read more

Use SQL query with MAX function to retrieve person with highest salary.

• Use SELECT statement to retrieve data

• Use MAX function to find the highest salary

• Use WHERE clause to filter out the person with highest salary

Ohm's law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it.

• Ohm's law relates the three fundamental electrical quantities: current, voltage, and resistance.

• It states that the current (I) flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage (V) applied across it, and inversely proportional to the resistance (R) of the conductor.

• The mathematical equation representing Ohm's law is: V = I * R

• Ohm's law is n...read more

Answers to questions related to Java connection query, showing all tables in SQL, and basic query in Linux.

• Java connection query is used to establish a connection between Java application and database.

• To show all tables in SQL, use the command 'SHOW TABLES;' or 'SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = 'database_name';'

• Basic query in Linux includes commands like 'ls' to list files, 'cd' to change directory, 'mkdir' to create a directory, 'rm' to r...read more

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language used for developing applications and software.

• Java is platform-independent due to its bytecode and JVM.

• JVM, JDK, and JRE are essential components of Java.

• JVM is responsible for executing Java bytecode.

• JDK is a software development kit used for developing Java applications.

• JRE is a runtime environment required to run Java applications.

• java.lang is a package that contains fundamental classes and interfaces.

• Libraries in ...read more

Yes, I am familiar with programming languages and have recently used Python for its versatility and ease of use.

• I have experience with Python, Java, C++, and SQL

• Python is my recent choice due to its readability, flexibility, and vast libraries

• I have used Python for data analysis, automation, and web development projects

To copy files from one folder to another, use the copy command in the command prompt or drag and drop the files.

• Open the source folder and the destination folder in separate windows

• Select the files you want to copy in the source folder

• Right-click on the selected files and click on 'Copy' or use the 'Ctrl+C' shortcut

• Go to the destination folder and right-click on an empty space

• Click on 'Paste' or use the 'Ctrl+V' shortcut

• Alternatively, open the command prompt and use the 'copy...read more

Linked Lists are a data structure used to store a collection of elements in a linear order.

• Each element in a linked list is called a node and contains a value and a reference to the next node.

• Linked lists can be singly linked (each node only has a reference to the next node) or doubly linked (each node has a reference to both the next and previous nodes).

• Insertion and deletion operations are efficient in linked lists, but accessing elements by index is not.

• Examples of applica...read more