1500+ System Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

A normal function is called directly in the code, while a stored procedure is invoked using a database query.

• Normal function calling is done within the program code, while stored procedure invocation is done through a database query.

• Normal functions are defined and called within the same programming language, while stored procedures are defined and invoked within a database management system.

• Normal function calling is synchronous, while stored procedure invocation can be asyn...read more

The smallest real-time project in Java could be a simple chat application, while the biggest could be a complex financial trading system.

• Smallest real-time project in Java: Chat application

• Biggest real-time project in Java: Financial trading system

• Big Data refers to large and complex data sets that cannot be easily processed using traditional data processing applications.

• For performing actions on 2 billion entries, technologies like Hadoop, Spark, and languages like Java or S...read more

Python manages data structures and variables using dynamic memory allocation.

• Python uses a heap to manage memory allocation for data structures and variables.

• Variables are created dynamically and stored in memory as objects.

• Python uses reference counting to keep track of the number of references to an object.

• Garbage collection is used to reclaim memory for objects that are no longer referenced.

• Examples of data structures in Python include lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets...read more

C++ has three types of loops: for, while, and do-while.

• For loop is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand.

• While loop is used when the number of iterations is not known beforehand.

• Do-while loop is similar to while loop, but it executes at least once before checking the condition.

A machine is a device that performs a specific task using power and mechanisms.

• Machines can be simple or complex, ranging from a simple lever to a complex computer.

• Machines use energy to perform work, such as lifting, moving, or transforming materials.

• Examples of machines include cars, airplanes, washing machines, and robots.

• Machines can be classified into six types: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, and screw.

Middleware in web development acts as a bridge between different components of a software application, allowing them to communicate and interact with each other.

• Middleware is software that connects different software applications or components.

• It helps in handling communication between different systems or components.

• Middleware can provide services such as authentication, logging, and caching.

• Examples of middleware include Express.js in Node.js applications and Django middlew...read more

I would analyze the requirements and constraints of the parking task and devise a plan accordingly.

• Understand the size and type of vehicles that need to be parked

• Analyze the available space and layout of the parking area

• Consider any regulations or restrictions on parking

• Determine the optimal parking arrangement for maximum efficiency

• Implement a system for monitoring and managing the parking area

Types of constructors in OOP include default, parameterized, copy, and static constructors.

• Default constructor: Constructor with no parameters.

• Parameterized constructor: Constructor with parameters to initialize object properties.

• Copy constructor: Constructor that creates a new object as a copy of an existing object.

• Static constructor: Constructor used to initialize static data members of a class.

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. Denormalization is the opposite process.

• Normalization involves breaking down data into smaller, more manageable tables to reduce redundancy and dependency.

• Denormalization involves combining tables to improve query performance by reducing the number of joins needed.

• Normalization helps maintain data integrity by reducing the risk of anomalies such as update, insert, an...read more

RAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage while ROM is non-volatile memory used for permanent storage.

• RAM stands for Random Access Memory while ROM stands for Read Only Memory.

• RAM is used for temporary storage of data and program instructions while ROM is used for permanent storage of data and program instructions.

• RAM is volatile memory which means it loses its contents when power is turned off while ROM is non-volatile memory which means it retains its contents even ...read more

Procedural programming focuses on procedures and functions while object-oriented programming focuses on objects and classes.

• Procedural programming is based on top-down approach while object-oriented programming is based on bottom-up approach.

• Procedural programming is more suitable for small programs while object-oriented programming is more suitable for large programs.

• Procedural programming is less secure while object-oriented programming is more secure.

• Examples of procedural...read more

I will manage the parking section of the event by implementing a systematic approach and utilizing technology.

• Create a parking plan and layout to efficiently accommodate 500 cars.

• Assign dedicated parking spots for VIPs, disabled individuals, and event staff.

• Implement a ticketing system or RFID technology to track and manage parking spaces.

• Deploy parking attendants to guide drivers and ensure smooth traffic flow.

• Utilize digital signage or mobile apps to provide real-time parki...read more

Basic gating logic includes And, Or, Nand, and Nor gates. Nand gate can be built using other gates.

• And gate outputs true only when all inputs are true.

• Or gate outputs true when at least one input is true.

• Nand gate outputs the negation of the And gate.

• Nor gate outputs the negation of the Or gate.

• Nand gate can be built by combining an And gate followed by a Not gate.

BSOD stands for Blue Screen of Death. It is an error screen displayed on Windows operating systems when a system error occurs.

• BSOD is caused by hardware or software issues

• Troubleshoot by checking for recently installed hardware or software

• Check for driver updates or rollbacks

• Run system diagnostics or memory tests

• Check for overheating or hardware failures

• Collect error codes and search for solutions online

VIP users require special attention for hardware and software issues on both Mac and Windows systems.

• Create a dedicated support team for VIP users

• Establish a priority system for VIP tickets

• Provide personalized support and communication

• Ensure quick response times and resolution

• Implement proactive monitoring and maintenance

• Maintain up-to-date knowledge of Mac and Windows systems

• Collaborate with vendors and other IT teams for complex issues

Firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

• Firewall acts as a barrier between a trusted, secure internal network and another network, such as the Internet.

• It examines each packet of data that passes through it and determines whether to allow or block the traffic based on the set of rules.

• Firewalls can be hardware or software-based and can be configured to block specific types of ...read more

I am passionate about technology and have always been interested in IT. I believe my skills and experience can be better utilized in the IT industry.

• I have always had a strong interest in technology and IT

• I enjoy problem-solving and working with computers

• I believe my skills and experience align well with the demands of the IT industry

The S7 controller offers high performance and flexibility but can be complex to program and expensive.

• Advantages: high performance, flexibility, scalability

• Disadvantages: complexity in programming, expensive

• Example: S7-1200 offers fast processing speeds and can be easily expanded with additional modules

• Example: Programming for S7 controllers may require specialized training and expertise

To connect a system to a Wi-Fi network when the SSID is not showing, you can try the following steps:

• Check if the Wi-Fi network is within range and the system's Wi-Fi adapter is turned on

• Restart the system and the Wi-Fi router

• Manually enter the SSID and password in the system's Wi-Fi settings

• Ensure that the Wi-Fi network is not hidden or using a different frequency band

• Update the system's Wi-Fi drivers

• Reset the network settings on the system

• Use a Wi-Fi analyzer tool to identi...read more

A simple program to calculate the average of numbers in an array, demonstrating basic programming concepts.

• Define a function to calculate the average.

• Use an array to store numbers.

• Iterate through the array to sum the numbers.

• Divide the sum by the number of elements to get the average.

• Example: For array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], average = (1+2+3+4+5)/5 = 3.

The time stamp in S7-200 PLC is used to record the time when a specific event occurs.

• Time stamp is a feature in S7-200 PLC that records the time when a specific event happens.

• It helps in tracking the sequence of events and troubleshooting issues.

• Time stamp can be used to monitor the performance of the PLC system.

• Example: A time stamp can be recorded when a sensor detects a change in temperature.

• Example: Time stamp can be used to track the duration of a process in the PLC.

DELETE removes specific rows from a table, while TRUNCATE removes all rows and resets auto-increment values.

• DELETE is a DML command, while TRUNCATE is a DDL command.

• DELETE can be rolled back, while TRUNCATE cannot be rolled back.

• DELETE triggers ON DELETE triggers, while TRUNCATE does not trigger any triggers.

• DELETE is slower as it maintains logs, while TRUNCATE is faster as it does not maintain logs.

Machine learning can ease human life by automating tasks, improving healthcare, and enhancing personalization.

• Automating repetitive tasks can save time and increase efficiency

• Machine learning can improve healthcare by predicting diseases and identifying effective treatments

• Personalization can be enhanced through recommendation systems and targeted advertising

• Natural language processing can improve communication and accessibility for individuals with disabilities

Stored procedures offer advantages such as improved performance, security, and code reusability.

• Stored procedures can reduce network traffic by executing multiple SQL statements at once.

• They can also improve performance by pre-compiling SQL statements.

• Stored procedures can enhance security by allowing access to only specific procedures rather than entire tables.

• They promote code reusability by allowing multiple applications to use the same stored procedure.

• Examples include pr...read more

The types of interrupts in the Intel 8051 microcontroller include external hardware interrupts, timer interrupts, and serial communication interrupts.

• External hardware interrupts are triggered by external devices connected to the microcontroller.

• Timer interrupts are generated by the internal timers of the microcontroller.

• Serial communication interrupts occur when data is received or transmitted through the serial port.

• Each interrupt type has a specific interrupt vector addres...read more

File System in C++ is used for managing files and directories, providing functions for file input/output operations.

• C++ provides the library for file input/output operations.

• File streams can be used to read from and write to files.

• Common file operations include opening, closing, reading, and writing files.

• File streams can handle different file types such as text files and binary files.

• File system functions like file existence check, file deletion, and file renaming are avail...read more

A thread is a lightweight unit of execution within a process, while a process is an instance of a program in execution.

• A process has its own memory space, while threads share the same memory space within a process.

• Processes are independent and isolated from each other, while threads share resources and can communicate with each other more easily.

• Creating a new process is more resource-intensive than creating a new thread.

• Threads are scheduled by the operating system, while pr...read more