300+ System Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

I am passionate about technology and have always been interested in IT. I believe my skills and experience can be better utilized in the IT industry.

• I have always had a strong interest in technology and IT

• I enjoy problem-solving and working with computers

• I believe my skills and experience align well with the demands of the IT industry

DELETE removes specific rows from a table, while TRUNCATE removes all rows and resets auto-increment values.

• DELETE is a DML command, while TRUNCATE is a DDL command.

• DELETE can be rolled back, while TRUNCATE cannot be rolled back.

• DELETE triggers ON DELETE triggers, while TRUNCATE does not trigger any triggers.

• DELETE is slower as it maintains logs, while TRUNCATE is faster as it does not maintain logs.

Stored procedures offer advantages such as improved performance, security, and code reusability.

• Stored procedures can reduce network traffic by executing multiple SQL statements at once.

• They can also improve performance by pre-compiling SQL statements.

• Stored procedures can enhance security by allowing access to only specific procedures rather than entire tables.

• They promote code reusability by allowing multiple applications to use the same stored procedure.

• Examples include pr...read more

File System in C++ is used for managing files and directories, providing functions for file input/output operations.

• C++ provides the library for file input/output operations.

• File streams can be used to read from and write to files.

• Common file operations include opening, closing, reading, and writing files.

• File streams can handle different file types such as text files and binary files.

• File system functions like file existence check, file deletion, and file renaming are avail...read more

PHP was chosen for its versatility, large community support, and ease of use.

• PHP is a widely used scripting language with a large community of developers and extensive documentation.

• It is known for its versatility and ability to integrate with various databases and web servers.

• PHP is also relatively easy to learn and has a low learning curve compared to other languages like JSP.

• While JSP may be considered more secure, PHP can still be used to build secure applications with pr...read more

I primarily use Python for programming.

• Python is versatile and easy to read, making it great for system engineering tasks.

• I also have experience with languages like Java, C++, and Bash scripting.

• Python's extensive libraries and frameworks make it ideal for automation and scripting tasks.

Operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources.

• Compiler translates high-level language code to machine code while interpreter executes code line by line.

• One byte is equal to 8 bits.

• Machine language is a low-level programming language consisting of binary code.

• Assembler converts assembly language code to machine code.

• Types of operating system include Windows, macOS, Linux, and Unix.

• Unix is a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system devel...read more

Factorial, Fibonacci series and prime number implementation.

• Factorial: Use recursion or iteration to multiply numbers from 1 to n.

• Fibonacci: Use recursion or iteration to add the previous two numbers.

• Prime number: Check if a number is divisible by any number less than itself.

Types of constructors in C++ include default constructor, parameterized constructor, copy constructor, and destructor.

• Default constructor: Constructor with no parameters.

• Parameterized constructor: Constructor with parameters.

• Copy constructor: Constructor that initializes an object using another object of the same class.

• Destructor: Special member function called when an object goes out of scope.

TestNG has 8 annotations including @Test, @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod.

• 1. @Test - Marks a method as a test method.

• 2. @BeforeSuite - Executed before the Test Suite.

• 3. @AfterSuite - Executed after the Test Suite.

• 4. @BeforeTest - Executed before the Test.

• 5. @AfterTest - Executed after the Test.

• 6. @BeforeClass - Executed before the first test method in the current class.

• 7. @AfterClass - Executed after a...read more

System engineers are responsible for designing, implementing, and maintaining computer systems and networks.

• Designing and planning computer systems and networks

• Installing and configuring hardware and software components

• Monitoring system performance and troubleshooting issues

• Ensuring system security and data backup

• Collaborating with other IT professionals and stakeholders

• Documenting system configurations and processes

JSP is a Java-based technology used for creating dynamic web pages. It allows embedding Java code within HTML pages.

• JSP stands for JavaServer Pages.

• It is a technology used for developing web applications.

• JSP allows embedding Java code within HTML pages.

• It provides a simplified way to create dynamic web content.

• JSP files are compiled into servlets and executed on the server.

• Advantages of JSP include easy integration with Java code, reusable components, and separation of presen...read more

TCS bond agreement is a contract signed by employees to work for a certain period of time with the company.

• TCS bond agreement is a legal contract between TCS and its employees.

• Employees sign the bond agreement to work for a certain period of time with the company.

• The bond period can range from 1 to 2 years depending on the role and level of the employee.

• If an employee wishes to leave the company before the bond period ends, they are required to pay a certain amount as compens...read more

Dangling pointer points to memory that has been deallocated, while void pointer is a pointer that has no specific data type.

• Dangling pointer occurs when a pointer points to memory that has been freed or deleted.

• Void pointer is a pointer that can point to any data type.

• Example: int *ptr = NULL; ptr = malloc(sizeof(int)); free(ptr); // ptr is now a dangling pointer

• Example: void *ptr; int num = 10; ptr = # // ptr is a void pointer pointing to an integer

Oops stands for Object-Oriented Programming System. The four pillars are Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction, and Polymorphism.

• Oops stands for Object-Oriented Programming System

• The four pillars are Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction, and Polymorphism

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class

• Encapsulation refers to the bundling of data with the methods that operate on that data

• Abstraction focuses on hiding the implementation detai...read more

Truncate and delete are SQL commands used to remove data from a table.

• Truncate removes all data from a table and resets the identity column

• Delete removes specific rows from a table based on a condition

• Truncate is faster than delete as it doesn't log individual row deletions

• Delete can be rolled back, but truncate cannot

• Example: TRUNCATE TABLE myTable; DELETE FROM myTable WHERE id = 1;

Scheduling in operating systems involves managing the execution of processes to optimize resource utilization.

• Scheduling determines which process gets the CPU next based on priority, time slice, etc.

• Types of scheduling algorithms include FCFS, Round Robin, Priority Scheduling, etc.

• Schedulers can be preemptive (interruptible) or non-preemptive (run to completion).

Code to start a simple Web server in JavaScript

• Use Node.js to create a simple web server

• Require the 'http' module

• Use the createServer method to create a server instance

• Listen on a specific port for incoming requests

C++ is a compiled language with pointers, while Java is interpreted with garbage collection.

• C++ is faster and more efficient than Java due to its compiled nature.

• Java is more secure and portable than C++ due to its interpreted nature.

• C++ uses pointers to directly access memory, while Java uses references to objects.

• Programming principles include encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Pointers are variables that store memory addresses, used for direct memory access and m...read more

Stored procedures are pre-written SQL codes that can be saved and reused.

• Stored procedures can improve database performance by reducing network traffic.

• They can be used to enforce business rules and security measures.

• They can be parameterized to accept input values and return output values.

• Examples include procedures for inserting, updating, and deleting data.

• They can also be used for complex operations such as data aggregation and reporting.

This question tests the candidate's knowledge of C programming language and output formatting.

• The code initializes an integer variable 'a' with value 100.

• The printf statement uses two format specifiers: '%0' and '%x'.

• The '%0' specifier is invalid and will not print anything.

• The '%x' specifier prints the value of 'a' in hexadecimal format.

• The output will be '64' in hexadecimal format.

To connect to MongoDB using Javascript, you can use the official MongoDB Node.js driver.

• Install the MongoDB Node.js driver using npm: npm install mongodb

• Require the MongoDB Node.js driver in your Javascript file: const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient

• Connect to MongoDB using MongoClient.connect() method

• Specify the MongoDB connection URL and database name in the connect() method

• Access the MongoDB database and perform operations like insert, update, delete, and find

Functions return a value while stored procedures do not.

• Functions are used to perform a specific task and return a value to the caller.

• Stored procedures are used to execute a set of statements and do not return a value.

• Functions can be used in SELECT, WHERE, and HAVING clauses.

• Stored procedures can be used to modify data, but functions cannot.

• Functions can be called from within a stored procedure.

Access modifiers in OOPS and project explanation

• Access modifiers control the visibility of class members

• Public: accessible from anywhere

• Private: accessible only within the class

• Protected: accessible within the class and its subclasses

• Project: accessible within the same package

• Example: public class Car { private int speed; protected String model; }

• My project involved developing a web application for managing inventory

• Used Java, Spring framework, and MySQL database

• Implemented C...read more

My biggest challenge during coding was debugging a complex algorithm that was causing unexpected errors.

• Debugging a complex algorithm

• Identifying and fixing unexpected errors

• Understanding the logic behind the algorithm

• Testing different scenarios to reproduce the issue

• Collaborating with team members to find a solution

Page Object Model is a design pattern in test automation that represents web pages as objects, while Page Factory is a way to initialize elements in Page Object Model.

• Page Object Model is a design pattern used in test automation to represent web pages as objects

• It helps in creating reusable code and reduces code duplication

• Page Factory is a concept in Selenium WebDriver that helps in initializing elements in Page Object Model

• It uses @FindBy annotation to locate elements on a ...read more

Types of file systems in OS include FAT, NTFS, HFS+, ext2/3/4, and APFS.

• FAT (File Allocation Table) is a simple file system used by older versions of Windows.

• NTFS (New Technology File System) is a more advanced file system used by newer versions of Windows.

• HFS+ (Hierarchical File System Plus) is used by Apple's macOS.

• ext2/3/4 are file systems used by Linux.

• APFS (Apple File System) is a newer file system used by Apple's macOS and iOS devices.

Deadlocks occur when two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to finish.

• Deadlocks happen when two or more processes are blocked and unable to proceed

• Each process is waiting for a resource that is being held by another process

• Deadlocks can be prevented by using techniques like resource allocation graphs and banker's algorithm

• Examples of deadlocks include the dining philosophers problem and the traffic deadlock problem

Answers to questions related to Java connection query, showing all tables in SQL, and basic query in Linux.

• Java connection query is used to establish a connection between Java application and database.

• To show all tables in SQL, use the command 'SHOW TABLES;' or 'SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = 'database_name';'

• Basic query in Linux includes commands like 'ls' to list files, 'cd' to change directory, 'mkdir' to create a directory, 'rm' to r...read more

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language used for web development, data analysis, and artificial intelligence.

• Python is easy to learn and has a simple syntax.

• It has a large standard library with many pre-built modules.

• Python is used for web development with frameworks like Django and Flask.

• It is also used for data analysis with libraries like NumPy and Pandas.

• Python is case sensitive.

• It is a popular language for artificial intelligence and machine learning.

• Pyt...read more

Yes, I am willing to learn coding if it is needed.

• I have some basic knowledge of coding and am willing to improve my skills.

• I am a quick learner and can adapt to new technologies easily.

• I am open to taking courses or attending training sessions to improve my coding skills.

• Learning coding will also help me better understand the systems I work with.

• For example, I have experience with Python and SQL, and can learn other languages as needed.

Constructor is a special method used to initialize objects in a class.

• Constructors have the same name as the class they belong to.

• They are called automatically when an object is created.

• They can take parameters to initialize the object's properties.

• They do not have a return type.

• Multiple constructors can be defined with different parameters.

• Example: public class Car { public Car(String make, String model) { ... } }

Thread pool is a collection of threads that are used to execute tasks concurrently. It helps in reducing the overhead of thread creation.

• Thread pool manages a fixed number of threads and assigns tasks to them as they become available.

• It helps in improving the performance of applications by reducing the time taken to create and destroy threads.

• Thread pool can be managed using various parameters such as the size of the thread pool, the priority of threads, and the maximum numbe...read more

To delete a table in SQL, use the DROP TABLE statement.

• Use the DROP TABLE statement followed by the table name.

• Make sure to use the correct database and schema if necessary.

• Be careful when deleting tables as it will permanently remove all data.

• Example: DROP TABLE my_table;

DDL stands for Data Definition Language and DML stands for Data Manipulation Language.

• DDL is used to define the structure of a database, including tables, columns, and constraints.

• DML is used to manipulate the data within the database, including inserting, updating, and deleting records.

• Examples of DDL commands include CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, and DROP TABLE.

• Examples of DML commands include INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.

• DDL is used less frequently than DML in day-to-day operat...read more

Yes, I have knowledge of multiple programming languages.

• I am proficient in Java and Python.

• I also have experience with C++, JavaScript, and SQL.

• I am constantly learning and expanding my knowledge of programming languages.

Pre increment and post increment are unary operators used to increment the value of a variable by 1.

• Pre increment (++x) increments the value of x and then returns the new value.

• Post increment (x++) returns the value of x and then increments it.

• Both operators are commonly used in loops and can also be used with other arithmetic operations.

• Pre increment is faster than post increment as it does not require a temporary variable to store the original value.

Code to allocate memory to an object

• Use the 'new' keyword in C++ to allocate memory to an object

• Use 'malloc' function in C to allocate memory to an object

• In Java, memory is automatically allocated to an object using 'new' keyword

• In Python, memory is automatically allocated to an object when it is created

OOP stands for Object-Oriented Programming. Python and C differ in syntax, memory management, and application areas. A program to reverse a string can be written using loops or slicing.

• OOP is a programming paradigm that focuses on objects and their interactions.

• Python is a high-level language with dynamic typing and automatic memory management, while C is a low-level language with static typing and manual memory management.

• To reverse a string using loops, iterate through the ...read more

R, L, and C are basic electronic components used in circuits for resistance, inductance, and capacitance respectively.

• Resistors (R) limit current flow and reduce voltage

• Inductors (L) store energy in a magnetic field and resist changes in current

• Capacitors (C) store energy in an electric field and pass AC signals while blocking DC signals

• These components are used in various circuits such as filters, oscillators, and amplifiers

C++ supports polymorphism through virtual functions and inheritance.

• C++ allows for function overloading and overriding to achieve polymorphism.

• Polymorphism in C++ can be achieved through both compile-time (static) and runtime (dynamic) polymorphism.

• Virtual functions in C++ enable dynamic binding, allowing objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• Inheritance in C++ allows derived classes to inherit and override methods from base classes, ena...read more

Constructor overloading is creating multiple constructors with different parameters in a class.

• It allows creating objects with different initializations.

• Constructors can have different number or types of parameters.

• Example: class Person { Person(){} Person(String name){}}

• Example: class Rectangle { Rectangle(){} Rectangle(int length){} Rectangle(int length, int width){}}

Paging is a memory management technique used by operating systems to manage memory usage.

• Paging divides memory into fixed-size pages.

• Pages are stored in physical memory or on disk.

• When a process needs a page, it is loaded into physical memory.

• If there is no space in physical memory, a page is swapped out to disk.

• Paging allows for efficient use of memory and prevents processes from accessing memory they shouldn't.

• Examples of operating systems that use paging include Windows, L...read more

Call by value and call by reference are two ways of passing arguments to a function in programming.

• Call by value passes a copy of the value to the function.

• Call by reference passes the memory address of the value to the function.

• In call by value, changes made to the parameter inside the function do not affect the original value.

• In call by reference, changes made to the parameter inside the function affect the original value.

• Call by value is used for simple data types, while c...read more

Check if the laptop is powered on, try adjusting brightness, restart the laptop, check for loose connections, connect to an external monitor.

• Check if the laptop is powered on

• Try adjusting brightness settings

• Restart the laptop

• Check for loose connections

• Connect to an external monitor to see if the issue is with the laptop screen

OOP pillars are encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Recursion program for factorial can be written in any language.

• Encapsulation: bundling of data and methods that manipulate the data within a single unit

• Inheritance: ability of a class to inherit properties and methods from a parent class

• Polymorphism: ability of objects to take on multiple forms or have multiple behaviors

• Example recursion program for factorial in Python: def factorial(n): return 1 if n == 1 else n *...read more

The latest news I heard regarding technology is the release of the new iPhone 13 with improved camera features.

• Apple recently announced the release of the iPhone 13 series with upgraded camera capabilities.

• The new iPhone 13 models come with improved low-light performance and cinematic mode for videos.

• Apple also introduced the A15 Bionic chip for enhanced performance and battery life.