100+ Senior QA Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

The framework used in the project is a hybrid framework with a modular architecture.

• The framework combines the advantages of both data-driven and keyword-driven frameworks.

• It allows for easy maintenance and reusability of test scripts and test data.

• The architecture follows a modular approach, with separate modules for test cases, test data, and test scripts.

• The framework uses a central repository for storing test data, making it easy to update and manage.

• It supports parallel ...read more

Test cases for user management page with multiple access levels

• Verify that users with admin access can add, edit, and delete other users

• Test that users with editor access can only edit user information but not delete users

• Ensure that users with viewer access can only view user information but not make any changes

Pareto analysis is a problem-solving technique that prioritizes the most important issues to address.

• It is based on the Pareto principle, which states that 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes.

• It involves identifying and ranking the issues based on their frequency and impact.

• The top 20% of the issues are then addressed first, as they are responsible for the majority of the problems.

• It is commonly used in quality control and process improvement.

• For example, a company...read more

Differed state in JIRA is a state where an issue is waiting for an action or decision before it can be moved to the next state.

• Issues in differed state are not actively being worked on.

• They are waiting for a decision or action from someone else.

• Examples of differed state include 'Waiting for Customer' or 'Blocked'.

SIT stands for System Integration Testing. It involves testing the interaction between different components/modules of a system.

• Understand the system architecture and integration points

• Identify the input and output data for each component/module

• Design test cases to validate the interaction between components/modules

• Execute test cases and analyze results

• Report defects and retest after fixes

For a big feature, create detailed test cases and test plan to ensure thorough testing.

• Understand the requirements and functionality of the feature

• Identify different scenarios and edge cases to be tested

• Prioritize test cases based on criticality and impact

• Create test plan outlining test objectives, scope, resources, and timelines

• Execute test cases, report defects, and retest after fixes

To find the maximum salary from the table and individual department in SQL.

• Use the MAX() function in SQL to find the maximum salary from the table.

• To find the maximum salary for each department, use the GROUP BY clause along with the MAX() function.

• You can also use the ORDER BY clause to sort the results in descending order and limit the output to only show the highest salary.

Path and query parameters are essential in API testing for specifying resource paths and filtering data.

• Path parameters are part of the endpoint URL and are used to identify a specific resource.

• Query parameters are added to the URL after a '?' and are used for filtering, sorting, or pagination.

• Example: Path parameter - /users/{id}, Query parameter - /users?role=admin

• Testing path parameters involves verifying that the correct resource is returned based on the parameter value.

• T...read more

Wait in Selenium is used to pause the execution of the test script. Fluent wait is a type of wait in Selenium that allows the user to define custom conditions.

• Wait in Selenium is used to make the test script wait for a certain amount of time before proceeding to the next step.

• Fluent wait is a type of wait in Selenium that allows the user to define custom conditions for waiting.

• Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilit...read more

Convert first letter of each word to uppercase

• Split the sentence into words

• Loop through each word and capitalize the first letter

• Join the words back together to form the final sentence

Get method retrieves data from a server while post method submits data to be processed by a server.

• Get method is used to retrieve data from a server while post method is used to submit data to be processed by a server.

• Get method appends data to the URL while post method sends data in the request body.

• Get method has a limit on the amount of data that can be sent while post method has no such limit.

• Get method is not secure as data is visible in the URL while post method is more...read more

Answering interview questions on string reversal, swapping numbers without third variable, and framework explanation for Senior QA Engineer role.

• To reverse a string, use a loop to iterate through the string and swap the characters at opposite ends of the string.

• To swap two numbers without a third variable, use arithmetic operations to manipulate the values.

• For framework explanation, discuss the testing framework you are familiar with and how you have used it in previous proje...read more

Program to extract digits from a string and add them together

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character is a digit using isdigit() function

• Convert the digit character to integer and add it to a running total

• Return the total sum of digits

I have experience automating test cases using Selenium WebDriver and creating data-driven testing frameworks.

• Developed automated test scripts using Selenium WebDriver for web applications

• Implemented data-driven testing frameworks to execute test cases with multiple sets of data

• Utilized tools like TestNG and JUnit for test execution and reporting

• Integrated automation scripts with continuous integration tools like Jenkins for automated testing

• Worked on API testing using tools l...read more

Rotation of a string k times with a complexity of k

• Use string slicing to split the string into two parts and swap them k times

• Complexity will be O(k) as we are swapping only k times

• Example: 'hello' rotated 2 times becomes 'llohe'

SOAP and REST are two types of web service protocols used for communication between systems.

• SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is a protocol used for exchanging structured information between systems using XML-based messages over HTTP or other transport protocols.

• REST (Representational State Transfer) is a protocol used for creating web services that allow communication between systems using HTTP requests and responses.

• SOAP is more rigid and requires more bandwidth, while R...read more

A framework in Java is a reusable set of libraries, tools, and guidelines for developing software applications.

• Frameworks provide structure and guidelines for organizing code and implementing common functionalities.

• Java code in a framework typically includes classes, interfaces, methods, and annotations.

• Real-time scenarios in QA testing may involve automated testing, data validation, and performance testing.

• Example: Using TestNG framework in Java for automated testing of web ...read more

Traceability matrix is a document that links requirements to test cases to ensure all requirements are tested.

• It is used to track the relationship between requirements and test cases.

• It ensures that all requirements are covered by test cases.

• It helps in identifying any gaps in testing.

• It is a useful tool for project management and quality assurance.

• It can be created using a spreadsheet or specialized software.

• It is often used in software development and testing.

QA focuses on preventing defects, while QC focuses on identifying and fixing defects.

• QA stands for Quality Assurance and is a proactive process that focuses on preventing defects by establishing processes and standards.

• QC stands for Quality Control and is a reactive process that focuses on identifying and fixing defects through testing and inspection.

• QA involves activities like requirement analysis, test planning, and process improvement.

• QC involves activities like test execu...read more

Object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts are fundamental principles that help in designing and implementing software systems.

• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods together in a class

• Inheritance: creating new classes from existing ones

• Polymorphism: using a single interface to represent different types

• Abstraction: hiding unnecessary details and exposing only essential features

QC story is a problem-solving methodology used in quality control to identify and resolve issues.

• QC story is a structured approach to problem-solving.

• It involves defining the problem, collecting data, analyzing the root cause, and implementing solutions.

• QC story typically follows a specific format, including a problem statement, background information, data analysis, and action plan.

• It helps in improving quality, reducing defects, and enhancing overall process efficiency.

• Exam...read more

Alignment in CMM program is done by calibrating the machine to ensure accurate measurements.

• Alignment in CMM program involves calibrating the machine to a known standard or reference point.

• This calibration process ensures that the machine is measuring accurately and consistently.

• Alignment may involve adjusting the machine's axes to ensure they are perpendicular or parallel to each other.

• Regular maintenance and calibration checks are necessary to maintain alignment in CMM prog...read more

CMM Inspection is a process used in manufacturing to measure the physical geometrical characteristics of an object.

• CMM stands for Coordinate Measuring Machine

• It is used to ensure the quality and accuracy of manufactured parts

• CMM Inspection involves probing the surface of an object to collect data points for measurement

• The data collected is compared to the design specifications to determine if the part meets requirements

Merge two strings diagonally in a Java array of strings.

• Iterate through each row and column to merge characters diagonally

• Keep track of the diagonal position to insert characters from both strings

• Handle cases where strings have different lengths

• Example: String 1: 'hello', String 2: 'world', Merged: 'hweolrllod'

• Example: String 1: 'abc', String 2: '123', Merged: 'a1b2c3'

Contract testing in API involves verifying the interactions between different services based on predefined contracts.

• Contract testing ensures that each service meets the expectations set by the contract.

• It helps in detecting issues early in the development cycle.

• Popular tools for contract testing in APIs include Pact and Spring Cloud Contract.

STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle, which is a systematic process for testing software applications.

• STLC consists of various phases such as Requirement Analysis, Test Planning, Test Design, Test Execution, and Test Closure.

• Each phase has specific objectives and deliverables to ensure the quality of the software.

• STLC helps in identifying defects early in the development cycle, reducing the cost of fixing them later.

• It ensures that the software meets the specified requ...read more

Stored procedures are precompiled SQL statements stored in the database for reuse and improved performance.

• Stored procedures are used to encapsulate business logic in the database.

• They can improve performance by reducing network traffic and optimizing execution plans.

• Stored procedures can be called from application code to perform complex operations on the database.

• They can also help with security by controlling access to data through the procedure.

• Examples: sp_GetCustomerByI...read more

7QC tools are a set of basic quality control tools used to identify and solve quality problems.

• The tools include: Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and flowchart.

• They are used to analyze data and identify the root cause of quality problems.

• The tools are commonly used in Six Sigma and Lean methodologies.

• For example, a Pareto chart can be used to identify the most common defects in a manufacturing process.

• Another exa...read more

Use a program to handle JavaScript callback functions.

• Create a function that takes a callback function as a parameter

• Invoke the callback function within the main function

• Pass arguments to the callback function if needed

Developing a test strategy involves defining objectives, identifying test types, prioritizing tests, and creating a plan.

• Define objectives and goals of testing

• Identify types of tests to be conducted (e.g. functional, performance, security)

• Prioritize tests based on risk and criticality

• Create a detailed test plan outlining resources, timelines, and responsibilities

My daily approach to testing involves thorough planning, executing test cases, documenting results, and collaborating with team members.

• I start by reviewing requirements and creating test cases

• I execute test cases manually or using automation tools

• I document test results and report any issues found

• I collaborate with developers and other team members to ensure quality standards are met

To change window size in Selenium, you can use the set_window_size() method of the WebDriver class.

• Use driver.set_window_size(width, height) to change the window size

• Specify the width and height in pixels as parameters

• Example: driver.set_window_size(800, 600) will set the window size to 800x600 pixels

To test a particular scenario, create test cases covering all possible inputs and expected outcomes.

• Identify the specific scenario to be tested

• Create test cases for different inputs and expected outcomes

• Execute the test cases and analyze the results

• Perform regression testing to ensure no new issues are introduced

Our current project framework is based on Selenium WebDriver and TestNG.

• We use Selenium WebDriver for automating web application testing.

• TestNG is used for test management and reporting.

• We follow Page Object Model design pattern for better code maintainability.

• We use Maven for project build and dependency management.

• We integrate with Jenkins for continuous integration and deployment.

Test case for weight vending machine to ensure accurate measurement and dispensing of items.

• Verify that the machine displays the correct weight of the item being measured.

• Test if the machine dispenses the correct amount of item based on the weight entered.

• Check if the machine recalibrates properly after dispensing multiple items.

• Ensure that the machine alerts the user if the weight measurement is inaccurate.

Find the frequency of characters in an array of strings.

• Iterate through each string in the array

• For each character in the string, increment its count in a hashmap

• Return the hashmap with character frequencies

Program to reverse even words in a string

• Split the string into words

• Iterate through the words and reverse the even-indexed words

• Join the words back into a string

Method overloading is a feature in object-oriented programming where a class can have multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

• Method overloading allows a class to have multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

• The methods must have different parameter types or a different number of parameters.

• The compiler determines which method to call based on the arguments passed to it.

• Example: void print(int x), void print(String s), void print(int ...read more

To debug a 500 error, check server logs, review code changes, test API endpoints, and use debugging tools.

• Check server logs for error details

• Review recent code changes that may have caused the error

• Test API endpoints using tools like Postman

• Use debugging tools like Chrome DevTools or Firebug

Identify root cause of customer issue and take appropriate action to resolve it.

• Conduct thorough investigation to identify the root cause of the issue

• Analyze data, logs, and customer feedback to pinpoint the problem

• Implement corrective actions to address the root cause and prevent future occurrences

• Communicate with the customer to provide updates and ensure satisfaction

• Monitor the issue to verify that the corrective actions were effective

CI/CD is a process of automating the integration and delivery of code changes to production.

• Set up a CI/CD pipeline using tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI/CD, or CircleCI.

• Configure triggers to automatically build, test, and deploy code changes.

• Integrate with version control systems like Git to pull code changes for testing and deployment.

• Define stages in the pipeline such as build, test, deploy, and monitor.

• Use configuration files (e.g., YAML) to specify the steps and dependenci...read more

Reverse a string and find digits in the string.

• Use a loop to iterate through the characters of the string and build the reversed string.

• Use a regular expression to find digits in the string.

• Return the reversed string and the digits found in the string.

Method overriding is a feature in object-oriented programming where a subclass provides its own implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class.

• Method overriding is used to achieve runtime polymorphism.

• The method signature of the overridden method in the subclass must match that of the method in the parent class.

• The access level of the overridden method in the subclass cannot be more restrictive than that of the method in the parent class.

• Example: clas...read more

Use the kill command with the child process ID to terminate it

• Find the child process ID using tools like ps or pgrep

• Use the kill command with the appropriate signal (e.g. SIGTERM, SIGKILL) and the child process ID

• Example: kill -9

getWindowHandles returns all open window handles, getWindowHandle returns handle of current window

• getWindowHandles returns a set of all window handles currently open in the browser

• getWindowHandle returns the handle of the current window being focused on

• Example: driver.getWindowHandles() vs driver.getWindowHandle()

Bug life cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, fixing, retesting, and closing a software bug.

• Bug is identified by tester

• Bug is reported to development team

• Development team fixes the bug

• Tester retests the bug

• If bug is fixed, it is closed

• If bug is not fixed, it is reopened

Selenium can be used to automate testing of dynamic tables by using Xpaths to locate elements.

• Identify unique attributes of table elements to create stable Xpaths

• Use functions like contains(), starts-with(), or ends-with() in Xpaths for dynamic content

• Consider using parent-child relationships in Xpaths for nested tables