100+ SAP Abap Consultant Interview Questions and Answers

SAP ABAP Consultant interview questions

• 1. DDIC T-code is used to access the Data Dictionary in SAP.

• 2. A package is a container for development objects in SAP.

• 3. Objects in SE11 refer to database tables, views, and data types.

• 4. A domain defines the technical attributes of a field, while a data element defines its semantic attributes.

• 5. Steps to create a table include defining the table structure, fields, and keys.

• 6. Different types of views in SAP include database views, proj...read more

The IF GT_VBAK IS INITIAL statement is used to check if the internal table GT_VBAK is empty.

• The statement is used to avoid processing an empty internal table.

• It helps in preventing runtime errors when accessing the table.

• By checking if the internal table is initial, we can handle the empty table scenario gracefully.

• It is a good practice to use this statement before accessing the internal table.

Include and append structures are used in SAP ABAP to enhance existing data structures.

• Include structure is used to add fields from a transparent table or structure to another structure.

• Append structure is used to add fields to the end of a transparent table or structure.

• Include structure is used when the added fields are already present in the database table or structure.

• Append structure is used when the added fields are not present in the database table or structure.

• Include...read more

If start of selection event is not written, the program will not execute any code.

• Start of selection event is the entry point of an ABAP program.

• If it is not written, the program will not execute any code.

• No data will be selected or processed.

• The program will terminate without any output.

Badis can be found using transaction code SE18. User exits are older and customer exits are newer enhancements in SAP.

• Badis can be found using transaction code SE18.

• User exits are older enhancements in SAP.

• Customer exits are newer enhancements in SAP.

• Badis provide a more flexible and object-oriented approach compared to user exits and customer exits.

• Badis can be implemented multiple times, while user exits and customer exits can only be implemented once.

• Badis are implemented ...read more

Inheritance is a mechanism where a new class is derived from an existing class. Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.

• Inheritance allows the new class to inherit properties and methods of the existing class.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they belong to a common class.

• Inheritance is a way to achieve code reusability.

• Polymorphism can be achieved through method overloading and method overriding.

• Inheritance is a 'is-a...read more

Smarform is a tool in SAP ABAP used for creating and formatting printable forms. There are different types of windows in Smartform.

• Smarform is a form development tool in SAP ABAP.

• It is used to create and format printable forms like invoices, purchase orders, etc.

• Smartforms consist of different elements like windows, pages, and nodes.

• Windows in Smartforms are used to define the layout and structure of the form.

• There are different types of windows in Smartforms such as main win...read more

The function module used in ALV reports is REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

• REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY is a function module used to display ALV reports.

• It takes input parameters like the internal table containing the data to be displayed, field catalog, and layout.

• It generates a grid display with various features like sorting, filtering, and subtotaling.

• Example usage: CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY' EXPORTING it_fieldcat = lt_fieldcat TABLES t_outtab = lt_data.

• lt_fieldcat is the fie...read more

Pass by value and pass by reference are two different ways of passing arguments to a function or method.

• Pass by value means that a copy of the argument is passed to the function, so any changes made to the argument within the function do not affect the original value.

• Pass by reference means that a reference to the argument is passed to the function, so any changes made to the argument within the function will affect the original value.

• In pass by value, the function works with...read more

Function modules used in Session method

• SESSION_CREATE

• SESSION_CLOSE

• SESSION_IMPORT_FROM_MEMORY

• SESSION_EXPORT_TO_MEMORY

• SESSION_READ_BUFFER

• SESSION_WRITE_BUFFER

To debug standard t-code, use transaction code 'SAT' or 'ABAP Debugger'.

• Open the transaction code to be debugged

• Enter 'SAT' or 'ABAP Debugger' in the command field

• Set breakpoints at desired points in the code

• Execute the transaction and the debugger will stop at the breakpoints

• Analyze the variables and step through the code to identify issues

Implicit enhancements are modifications to standard SAP code without changing the original code. Explicit enhancements are modifications to standard SAP code by adding new code.

• Implicit enhancements are done using the Enhancement Framework and are implemented using Enhancement Spots and Enhancement Sections.

• Explicit enhancements are done using the Enhancement Framework and are implemented using Enhancement Points and Enhancement Sections.

• Implicit enhancements are used when th...read more

Answers to various questions related to SAP ABAP concepts.

• Data elements define the structure and type of a field, while domains define the technical attributes of a field.

• Secondary indexes are used to improve the performance of database queries by allowing faster access to specific data.

• Buffering is a technique used to store frequently accessed data in memory for faster retrieval, while TMG (Table Maintenance Generator) is used to create custom maintenance screens for tables....read more

Use AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT event to display second field based on first field input.

• Use AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT event to check if first field is filled.

• If first field is filled, display the second field using the statement 'SET PF-STATUS'.

• Example: AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT. IF sy-abcde = 'X'. SET PF-STATUS 'SECOND_FIELD'. ENDIF.

Constructor is a method that is called when an object is created. Destructor is a method that is called when an object is destroyed.

• Constructor initializes the object's data members and allocates memory for the object.

• Destructor frees the memory allocated to the object and cleans up any resources used by the object.

• In ABAP, constructors and destructors are defined using the methods CONSTRUCTOR and DESTRUCTOR respectively.

• Example: CONSTRUCTOR method can be used to set default ...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. BDC is a batch input technique used to transfer data from legacy systems to SAP.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they are objects of the same class.

• BDC stands for Batch Data Communication and is used to transfer data from legacy systems to SAP.

• There are two types of BDC: Call Transaction and Session Method.

• Call Transaction method is used for single transaction processing while ...read more

TMG stands for Table Maintenance Generator. It is used to create a user interface for maintaining table entries in SAP ABAP.

• TMG is used to generate a maintenance dialog for table entries.

• It simplifies the process of creating, modifying, and deleting table entries.

• TMG provides a standardized user interface with input fields, selection screens, and validation checks.

• It helps in ensuring data integrity and consistency.

• TMG can be used for both custom tables and SAP standard table...read more

Yes, a single BAdI can have multiple implementations.

• A BAdI (Business Add-In) is a mechanism in SAP ABAP that allows you to add custom functionality to standard SAP programs.

• A BAdI can have multiple implementations, which are separate pieces of code that enhance or modify the behavior of the standard program.

• Each implementation is assigned a unique filter value, which determines when it is called during program execution.

• Multiple implementations can be active at the same time...read more

AT LINE-SELECTION, AT USER-COMMAND, INITIALIZATION, START-OF-SELECTION, END-OF-SELECTION are events used in report.

• AT LINE-SELECTION - triggered when a line is selected in the report output

• AT USER-COMMAND - triggered when a user enters a command in the report output

• INITIALIZATION - triggered when the report is initialized

• START-OF-SELECTION - triggered when the report starts processing data

• END-OF-SELECTION - triggered when the report finishes processing data

If a field added to a TMG is not reflecting, check if the field is properly defined in the TMG structure and events are triggered correctly.

• Check if the field is properly added to the TMG structure using SE11 or SE54.

• Ensure that the events like INITIALIZATION, AT SELECTION-SCREEN, AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT, etc., are triggered correctly.

• Debug the TMG program to see if the field value is being populated and displayed as expected.

When creating BADI implementation, a class method is created. Steps include creating a class implementing the BADI interface and implementing the required methods.

• Create a class implementing the BADI interface

• Implement the required methods in the class

• Activate the BADI implementation in the system

Data class is a classification of data objects based on their usage and storage requirements. TMG is a tool used to create and manage table maintenance screens. TMG events are predefined functions that are triggered during table maintenance operations.

• Data class is used to define the storage and usage requirements of data objects

• It helps in optimizing the database performance by grouping similar data objects together

• TMG is a tool used to create and manage table maintenance sc...read more

Errors in Call transaction method can be seen in sy-subrc variable.

• After calling the call transaction method, check the value of sy-subrc variable.

• If sy-subrc is not equal to 0, then there is an error in the call transaction method.

• Use the MESSAGE statement to display the error message.

• Check the transaction SM21 for system logs to get more information about the error.

Events used in Module Pool Programming

• Initialization event (INIT)

• Process before output event (PBO)

• Process after input event (PAI)

• Process on value request event (POV)

• Process on help request event (POH)

• At selection screen event (AT SELECTION-SCREEN)

• At line selection event (AT LINE-SELECTION)

• At user command event (AT USER-COMMAND)

• Top-of-page event (TOP-OF-PAGE)

• End-of-page event (END-OF-PAGE)

To create a custom Adobe Form and assign it to an output type in SAP ABAP, you can use transaction code SFP.

• Create a custom Adobe Form using transaction code SFP

• Assign the Adobe Form to an output type in transaction code NACE

• Configure the output type to use the custom Adobe Form

• Test the output type to ensure the custom Adobe Form is being used

Call by reference and call by value are two ways of passing arguments to a function.

• Call by value passes a copy of the argument to the function, while call by reference passes a reference to the original argument.

• In call by value, any changes made to the argument inside the function do not affect the original value outside the function.

• In call by reference, any changes made to the argument inside the function affect the original value outside the function.

• Call by value is use...read more

Yes, I have worked on secondary indexes in SAP ABAP.

• Secondary indexes are created to improve the performance of select queries by allowing faster access to data.

• To fetch values using a secondary index in a select query, you can use the addition 'USING INDEX' followed by the name of the secondary index.

• For example, SELECT * FROM table_name USING INDEX index_name WHERE condition.

Value table and check table are used in SAP to maintain data consistency and integrity.

• Value table is used to maintain domain values for a field in a table.

• Check table is used to maintain the validity of data entered in a field.

• T-code SE11 is used to create and maintain tables in SAP.

• Value table can be assigned to a domain in the data dictionary.

• Check table can be assigned to a foreign key field in a table.

I have developed 50+ WRICEF objects. I have strong command on custom reports and enhancements.

• Developed over 50 WRICEF objects

• Strong command on custom reports and enhancements

• Examples include custom reports for sales and inventory, enhancements for purchase order processing

The class used in Factory method is the Factory class.

• The Factory class is responsible for creating objects of different classes based on the input parameters.

• It is a creational design pattern.

• The Factory method is a static method that returns an object of the class that it belongs to.

• Example: Class CarFactory has a static method createCar() that returns an object of Car class.

• The Factory method is used to encapsulate object creation logic and make it more flexible and reusab...read more

To add a logo to a smartform in SAP ABAP, you can follow these steps:

• Create a graphic object in SE78 transaction with the logo image

• In the smartform, create a window and specify its size and position

• Insert a graphic object in the window and link it to the logo image

• Adjust the properties of the graphic object as needed

• Activate and test the smartform to see the logo added

There are three types of transport requests in SAP: Workbench request, Customizing request, and Transport of Copies.

• Workbench request is created for ABAP development objects like programs, function modules, etc.

• Customizing request is created for customizing objects like table entries, screen modifications, etc.

• Transport of Copies request is created for transporting copies of objects from one system to another.

• SO10 objects are transported using the Transport of Copies request ...read more

To load an image in Adobe form, use the 'Graphic' UI element. To convert an Adobe form into another language, use translation tools like SE63.

• To load an image in Adobe form, use the 'Graphic' UI element and specify the image path.

• For language conversion, use translation tools like SE63 to translate the text elements of the form into the desired language.

• Make sure to maintain language-specific text elements for different languages in the Adobe form template.

IDoc is a data container used to exchange information between SAP systems or between an SAP system and an external system.

• IDoc stands for Intermediate Document.

• To create a field segment in IDoc, you need to define the segment structure in the IDoc definition using transaction WE31.

• For reprocessing, you can use transaction BD87 to reprocess IDocs that have failed during processing.

Rollback cancels the changes made in a transaction, while omitting commit work does not save the changes.

• Rollback cancels all the changes made in a transaction and reverts the data to its original state.

• Omitting commit work does not save the changes made in a transaction, but the changes are still visible until the session is closed.

• Rollback is used when there is an error or issue in the transaction that needs to be undone, while omitting commit work is used when the changes ...read more

A lock object is used in SAP ABAP to control access to shared resources and prevent conflicts.

• Lock objects are used to ensure data consistency in multi-user environments.

• They are used to prevent multiple users from simultaneously accessing and modifying the same data.

• Lock objects can be defined and used in ABAP programs using the ENQUEUE and DEQUEUE statements.

• They can be used to lock entire tables, specific rows, or even individual fields.

• Lock objects can be used to implemen...read more

Alternative for For all entries in Select query

• Inner join

• Subquery

• Using IN operator

• Using EXISTS operator

Code Inspector is a tool to check code quality. Assistance class is a reusable class to provide common functionality.

• Code Inspector checks for syntax errors, performance issues, security vulnerabilities, and adherence to coding standards.

• Assistance class provides reusable code for common functionality like date and time calculations, string operations, and database access.

• Assistance class can be used in multiple programs, reducing code duplication and improving maintainabilit...read more

Hotspot is a clickable area in a report output that triggers an event or action.

• Hotspot is defined using the keyword HOTSPOT in the ABAP code.

• It is used to create interactive reports.

• When a user clicks on a hotspot, it triggers an event or action.

• Hotspots can be used to navigate to another report or to display additional information.

• Example: A report showing a list of orders can have hotspots on the order numbers that, when clicked, display the details of that order.

Debugging smartform can be done using standard debugging techniques.

• Set a breakpoint in the smartform code

• Execute the smartform in debug mode

• Use the debugger to step through the code and analyze variables

• Use the debugging tools to analyze the form output

• Check the system log for any errors or warnings

Classes are blueprints for objects with attributes and methods, while interfaces define a contract for classes to implement. ABAP is preferred for OOP due to its robustness and flexibility.

• Classes are used to create objects with attributes and methods, while interfaces define a contract for classes to implement.

• Classes can be instantiated to create objects, while interfaces cannot be instantiated.

• ABAP is preferred for OOP due to its strong typing system, support for encapsula...read more

Session method and call transaction are two different ways of executing SAP transactions.

• Session method executes a transaction in the same session as the calling program.

• Call transaction executes a transaction in a separate session.

• Session method is faster and more efficient as it does not require opening a new session.

• Call transaction is useful when the transaction being executed has its own set of screens and requires user input.

• Session method is used when the transaction b...read more

CDS view is a virtual database table in SAP ABAP used for defining complex views. It can be used to display ALV.

• CDS view is defined using ABAP Development Tools (ADT) in Eclipse.

• Steps to create CDS view: Define view, define associations, define annotations.

• CDS views can be used to display ALV by creating a custom ALV grid using the CDS view as the data source.

BADI is an enhancement technique in SAP ABAP that allows for multiple implementations, while user exits are single-point enhancements.

• BADI allows for multiple implementations to be active at the same time, while user exits only allow for one at a time.

• BADI is object-oriented and can be used in multiple applications, while user exits are specific to a particular program or transaction.

• BADI is implemented using classes and interfaces, while user exits are implemented using func...read more

To make a report editable, we can use ALV grid control or create a custom screen with input fields.

• ALV grid control allows users to edit data directly in the report output.

• Custom screen with input fields can be used to display and edit data from the report.

• We can also use function modules like REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY_EDIT to make the report editable.

• Authorization checks should be implemented to ensure only authorized users can edit the report data.

Integrating S/4 Hana and SAP Ariba involves using SAP Cloud Platform Integration and SAP Ariba Network.

• Use SAP Cloud Platform Integration to connect S/4 Hana and SAP Ariba

• Leverage SAP Ariba Network for seamless integration and collaboration

• Utilize standard integration content provided by SAP for faster implementation

• Customize integration based on specific business requirements

• Ensure data consistency and security during integration process

BDC is Batch Data Communication used for mass data input. BAPI is Business Application Programming Interface used for accessing SAP data.

• BDC is used for uploading data from external systems into SAP

• BAPI is used for accessing SAP data from external systems

• BDC uses transaction recording and batch input sessions

• BAPI uses pre-defined function modules

• BDC is suitable for simple data uploads

• BAPI is suitable for complex business processes

• Example of BDC is LSMW (Legacy System Migratio...read more