300+ Research Associate Interview Questions and Answers

Mass spectra of bromo chloro containing compound

• Bromo chloro compounds can have multiple isomers with different mass spectra

• The presence of bromine and chlorine atoms can cause fragmentation in the mass spectrum

• The mass spectrum can be used to determine the molecular weight and structural information of the compound

BuLi reagent is a highly reactive and pyrophoric compound used in organic synthesis.

• BuLi should be handled under an inert atmosphere, such as nitrogen or argon.

• It should be stored in a dry and cool place, away from water and air.

• BuLi should be added slowly to the reaction mixture, with constant stirring.

• Personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn at all times.

• In case of fire, use a Class D fire extinguisher or smother with sand or dry powder.

• Exam...read more

In vivo models and methods are used to study the efficacy and safety of therapeutic interventions in living organisms.

• In vivo models involve the use of animals such as mice, rats, and rabbits to study the effects of drugs and therapies.

• Methods include administering the drug through various routes such as oral, intravenous, or subcutaneous injection.

• In vivo studies can also involve imaging techniques such as MRI or PET scans to monitor the effects of the therapy on the body.

• Ex...read more

Risk assessment requires careful consideration of potential hazards and their likelihood of occurrence.

• Identify potential hazards

• Assess the likelihood of occurrence

• Evaluate the potential consequences

• Consider the effectiveness of existing controls

• Determine the level of risk

• Develop and implement risk management strategies

Criteria for sourcing and procuring process

• Identifying the need for procurement

• Determining the specifications and quantity required

• Identifying potential suppliers and obtaining quotes

• Evaluating suppliers based on quality, price, and delivery time

• Negotiating contracts and finalizing the procurement

• Maintaining records and monitoring supplier performance

Shake flask study is a method used to evaluate the growth and productivity of microorganisms in a small-scale culture.

• It involves growing microorganisms in a small flask with shaking to provide oxygen and nutrients.

• The flask is incubated at a specific temperature and pH to mimic the conditions of the larger culture.

• Samples are taken at regular intervals to measure cell growth and product formation.

• Shake flask studies are often used in the development of bioprocesses for the p...read more

Reaction conditions for chemical transformations

• Reaction temperature

• Reaction time

• Catalyst used

• Solvent used

• Concentration of reactants

• pH of reaction mixture

• Pressure

• Stirring rate

• Light exposure

• Oxidizing or reducing agents used

Nitrile reacts with lithium aluminum hydride to form primary amines, and with DiBaL-H to form aldehydes.

• Nitrile + lithium aluminum hydride -> primary amine

• Nitrile + DiBaL-H -> aldehyde

Understanding 1H-NMR values of organic compounds and analyzing LCMS involves knowledge of spectroscopy and chromatography techniques.

• 1H-NMR values provide information about the chemical environment of hydrogen atoms in a molecule.

• Analyzing LCMS involves separating and detecting ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio.

• Interpretation of 1H-NMR and LCMS data requires knowledge of organic chemistry and spectroscopy techniques.

• Software tools like MestReNova and ChemDraw can aid i...read more

I would present the information in a clear and concise manner, highlighting key points and providing supporting evidence.

• Organize the information logically

• Use visuals such as graphs or charts to illustrate key points

• Provide examples or case studies to support findings

• Address any potential concerns or objections the client may have

• Emphasize the benefits of the proposed solution

BL21(DE3) is a commonly used E. coli strain for protein expression.

• BL21(DE3) is a popular E. coli strain for protein expression due to its ability to efficiently produce recombinant proteins.

• It is a derivative of E. coli B strain and contains the T7 RNA polymerase gene under the control of the lacUV5 promoter.

• BL21(DE3) is often used in conjunction with pET plasmids for protein expression in research laboratories.

Titration is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution.

• Titration involves adding a solution of known concentration to a solution of unknown concentration until a reaction occurs.

• Types of titration include acid-base titration, redox titration, and complexometric titration.

• HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) is a type of quantitative analysis used to separate and quantify components in a mixture.

• Qualitative analysis involv...read more

I can fit in capacity building of the Institute by utilizing my research skills and experience to train and mentor junior researchers.

• Develop and implement training programs for junior researchers

• Provide mentorship and guidance to junior researchers

• Collaborate with senior researchers to identify areas for improvement and develop strategies to address them

• Stay up-to-date with the latest research and industry trends to ensure the Institute remains competitive

• Encourage a culture...read more

Palladium and copper chemistry are widely used in organic synthesis. Some important reactions include Suzuki coupling, Heck reaction, Sonogashira coupling, and Ullmann reaction.

• Suzuki coupling: cross-coupling reaction between an organoboron compound and an organic halide or triflate catalyzed by a palladium complex

• Heck reaction: coupling of an aryl or vinyl halide with an alkene in the presence of a palladium catalyst

• Sonogashira coupling: coupling of an aryl or vinyl halide w...read more

Zeta Sizer is a device used to measure the electrophoretic mobility of particles in a liquid medium.

• Basic principle involves measuring the velocity of particles in an electric field.

• Unit of measurement is usually in zeta potential (mV).

• Range of measurement typically varies depending on the specific model of the Zeta Sizer.

• Common uses include studying colloidal stability, particle size distribution, and surface charge of nanoparticles.

The population census in my city ranges from 500,000 to 1,000,000.

• Population census in my city varies between 500,000 to 1,000,000.

• The range of population census in my city is quite diverse.

• The population census data is updated every few years.

• The city has experienced growth in population over the years.

Different oxidising and reducing agents used for ester reduction, cyano reduction, and alcohol oxidation.

• Ester reduction: Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H)

• Cyano reduction: Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), sodium borohydride (NaBH4)

• Alcohol oxidation: Chromium trioxide (CrO3), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), Jones reagent (CrO3/H2SO4)

Two liquid solvents can be separated using various methods such as distillation, extraction, and chromatography.

• Distillation involves heating the mixture to vaporize the solvent with the lower boiling point and then condensing it back into a liquid.

• Extraction involves using a solvent that selectively dissolves one of the solvents, allowing it to be separated from the mixture.

• Chromatography separates the solvents based on their different affinities for a stationary phase and a...read more

Primary research is original research conducted by the researcher, while secondary research is based on existing data.

• Primary research involves collecting new data through methods like surveys, interviews, and experiments.

• Secondary research involves analyzing existing data from sources like books, articles, and databases.

• Primary research is more time-consuming and expensive than secondary research.

• Secondary research can provide a broader perspective on a topic, while primary ...read more

Method validation parameters ensure accuracy and reliability of analytical methods.

• Method validation parameters include specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, limit of detection, and limit of quantification.

• Specificity ensures that the method measures only the analyte of interest.

• Accuracy measures how close the measured value is to the true value.

• Precision measures the reproducibility of the method.

• Linearity measures how well the method can measure a range of con...read more

E-learning has benefits like flexibility, but plagiarism is a concern. Writing methods like paraphrasing and citation can help.

• E-learning allows for flexibility in learning schedules and locations

• E-learning can be cost-effective compared to traditional classroom learning

• Plagiarism is a concern in e-learning due to the ease of copying and pasting information

• To avoid plagiarism, one can use methods like paraphrasing and citing sources properly

• Paraphrasing involves restating inf...read more

The soundness of impact evaluation depends on the sampling method used.

• Consider the representativeness of the sample in relation to the target population

• Evaluate the size of the sample and whether it provides enough statistical power

• Assess the sampling technique used and whether it is appropriate for the research question

• Check for any biases or confounding factors in the sampling process

Academic journals are the most relevant data source for any secondary search.

• Academic journals contain peer-reviewed research articles and studies.

• They provide in-depth analysis and findings on specific topics.

• Authors in academic journals are experts in their field, ensuring credibility and accuracy.

• Access to academic journals may require subscriptions or institutional access.

• Examples: JSTOR, PubMed, ScienceDirect.

Zetasizer measures particle size and zeta potential while Mastersizer measures particle size distribution.

• Zetasizer uses dynamic light scattering to measure particle size and zeta potential.

• Mastersizer uses laser diffraction to measure particle size distribution.

• Zetasizer is used for colloidal systems while Mastersizer is used for dry powders and granules.

• Zetasizer can measure particles in the range of 0.3 nm to 10 microns while Mastersizer can measure particles in the range ...read more

PPM is a unit of concentration, parts per million. To convert it to mg/ml, you need to know the molecular weight and density of the substance.

• PPM is a measure of the concentration of a substance in a solution.

• It represents the number of parts of a substance per million parts of the solution.

• To convert PPM to mg/ml, you need to know the molecular weight and density of the substance.

• The formula for conversion is: mg/ml = (PPM x molecular weight) / (1000 x density)

There are three stability conditions: asymptotic stability, bounded-input bounded-output stability, and Lyapunov stability.

• Asymptotic stability: System returns to a stable equilibrium point over time.

• Bounded-input bounded-output stability: System output remains bounded for bounded input signals.

• Lyapunov stability: System satisfies Lyapunov's direct method or Lyapunov's indirect method.

Complete adjuvant contains killed or inactivated pathogens along with an immunostimulant, while incomplete adjuvant lacks the pathogen component.

• Complete adjuvant includes killed or inactivated pathogens and an immunostimulant

• Incomplete adjuvant lacks the pathogen component

• Complete adjuvant is more potent in inducing immune response compared to incomplete adjuvant

To increase market share, I will focus on market research, competitive analysis, product development, and targeted marketing strategies.

• Conduct thorough market research to identify opportunities for growth

• Perform competitive analysis to understand strengths and weaknesses

• Develop innovative products or services to attract new customers

• Implement targeted marketing strategies to reach specific customer segments

• Build strong relationships with key stakeholders and partners

Blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger that records transactions in a secure and transparent manner.

• Blockchain is a distributed database that stores information across a network of computers

• It uses cryptography to secure and verify transactions

• It eliminates the need for intermediaries and reduces transaction costs

• Applications include cryptocurrency, supply chain management, and voting systems

Yes, I can tell the difference between two software products.

• I can compare the features and functionalities of the two software products.

• I can analyze the user interface and user experience of each product.

• I can evaluate the performance and efficiency of the software.

• I can assess the compatibility and integration capabilities of the products.

• I can review the documentation and support provided for each software.

The Total Addressable Market for I-phones can be calculated by identifying the potential customer base and multiplying it by the average selling price.

• Identify the target market for I-phones based on demographics, psychographics, and behavior

• Estimate the number of potential customers in the target market

• Multiply the number of potential customers by the average selling price of I-phones

• Consider factors such as competition, market trends, and technological advancements

• Example: ...read more

When performing an LCA on an industrial machine, factors to consider include raw material extraction, manufacturing processes, energy consumption, emissions, and end-of-life disposal.

• Raw material extraction: What materials are used and how are they sourced?

• Manufacturing processes: How is the machine produced and assembled?

• Energy consumption: How much energy is required to operate the machine?

• Emissions: What pollutants are released during production and use?

• End-of-life disposa...read more

Chloro and bromo pattern ratio refers to the ratio of the number of chloro and bromo substituents on a molecule.

• The chloro and bromo pattern ratio is calculated by dividing the number of chloro substituents by the number of bromo substituents.

• For example, if a molecule has 2 chloro substituents and 1 bromo substituent, the chloro and bromo pattern ratio would be 2:1.

• The chloro and bromo pattern ratio can be used to determine the reactivity and properties of a molecule.

• Differe...read more

Sparging nitrogen during filling is done to prevent oxidation and maintain product quality.

• Sparging nitrogen displaces oxygen from the container, preventing oxidation of the product.

• Oxidation can lead to degradation of the product, affecting its quality and stability.

• Nitrogen is an inert gas that does not react with the product, ensuring its integrity.

• Sparging nitrogen is commonly used in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

• For example, in the wine industry, nitrogen sparg...read more

Primary research involves collecting data directly from original sources, while secondary research involves analyzing existing data collected by others.

• Primary research involves conducting surveys, interviews, experiments, etc. to gather new data.

• Secondary research involves analyzing data from books, articles, reports, etc. that have already been published.

• Primary research is time-consuming and expensive, but provides original and specific information.

• Secondary research is co...read more

PCR, DNA and RNA isolation are performed using standard protocols and kits.

• PCR involves denaturation, annealing and extension steps to amplify DNA

• DNA isolation involves cell lysis, protein removal and DNA purification

• RNA isolation involves cell lysis, RNA stabilization and RNA purification

• Commercial kits are available for all three processes

• Quality control measures are taken to ensure purity and integrity of the samples

Solution Clarity Test is a test to determine the transparency of a solution.

• Solution Clarity Test is used to assess how clear or transparent a solution is.

• It is commonly performed in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and cosmetics.

• One common method to determine solution clarity is visual inspection against a light source.

• Another method is to use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of light by the solution.

• The results of the test can help determi...read more

Dissolution test is a process to determine how quickly a drug dissolves in a solution, important for assessing bioavailability.

• Dissolution principle involves measuring the amount of drug released from a dosage form over time.

• It helps in assessing the drug's bioavailability and ensuring consistency in drug release.

• The complete procedure includes selecting appropriate dissolution media, setting up the apparatus, sampling at specific time intervals, and analyzing the samples.

• Exa...read more

Suzuki reaction acid amine coupling is a chemical reaction used to synthesize biaryl compounds.

• It involves the coupling of an aryl halide with an amine in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base.

• The reaction can be used to synthesize a variety of biaryl compounds, which have applications in materials science and pharmaceuticals.

• The reaction is named after its discoverer, Japanese chemist Akira Suzuki.

• Example: Coupling of phenylboronic acid with aniline to form bipheny...read more

Diastereomers and enantiomers are types of stereoisomers that differ in their spatial arrangement.

• Diastereomers are stereoisomers that have different configurations at one or more chiral centers but are not mirror images of each other.

• Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.

• Diastereomers have different physical and chemical properties, while enantiomers have identical physical properties but may differ in their biological activity...read more

Disintegration test is a measure of time taken for a tablet to break down into smaller particles.

• It is performed to ensure that the tablet will dissolve properly in the body.

• The tablet is placed in a disintegration apparatus and subjected to a specified force.

• The time taken for the tablet to disintegrate is recorded.

• The test is usually performed on six tablets from each batch.

• The USP sets standards for disintegration time for different types of tablets.

Private equity refers to investments made in private companies or assets that are not publicly traded.

• Private equity firms raise funds from investors and use that capital to acquire companies or assets.

• They aim to improve the performance of the acquired companies and sell them for a profit.

• Private equity investments are typically illiquid and have a long-term investment horizon.

• Private equity can be used for a variety of purposes, such as growth capital, buyouts, and distress...read more

Neurotoxin can cause a range of symptoms in mice including tremors, seizures, paralysis, and respiratory distress.

• Tremors and convulsions

• Paralysis

• Respiratory distress

• Decreased activity and appetite

• Loss of coordination

• Death

• Symptoms may vary depending on the type and dose of neurotoxin

Biosimilars are biological products that are highly similar to a reference product, with no clinically meaningful differences in terms of safety and efficacy.

• Biosimilars are not exact copies of the original biologic drug, but are highly similar.

• They are approved based on demonstrating similarity to the reference product in terms of quality, safety, and efficacy.

• Examples of biosimilars include filgrastim-sndz (Zarxio) which is a biosimilar to filgrastim (Neupogen).

I will research recent property sales in the area, consult real estate websites, and speak with local real estate agents.

• Research recent property sales in the area

• Consult real estate websites for current listings and prices

• Speak with local real estate agents for market insights

• Consider factors such as location, size, and condition of properties in the area

• Compare prices with similar properties in neighboring areas

Buffer is a temporary storage area in computer memory used to hold data before it is processed.

• Buffer is used to store data in transit between two devices or processes

• It is commonly used in networking to hold packets of data before they are transmitted

• Buffer can also be used in programming to hold data before it is processed or written to a file

• Examples of buffer include keyboard buffer, printer buffer, and disk buffer

The question covers various topics in organic chemistry including named reactions, NMR spectroscopy, and general concepts.

• Named reactions are specific organic reactions that have been given a name to make them easier to remember and discuss. Examples include the Grignard reaction and the Diels-Alder reaction.

• NMR spectroscopy is a technique used to determine the structure of organic molecules by analyzing their nuclear magnetic resonance. It can provide information about the n...read more