50+ QA Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Questions related to Selenium WebDriver, POM, locators, frameworks, BDD/TDD, data-driven framework, Cucumber, and interfaces.

• POM file is Page Object Model, used for better organization and maintenance of web elements in Selenium tests

• Xpath types include Absolute, Relative, and Custom

• Effective locators depend on the specific element and its attributes, but CSS selectors are generally faster than Xpath

• Framework creation questions may include design patterns, modularization, and...read more

I have a computer and IT background, so I know multiple coding languages.

• I am proficient in Java and Python.

• I have also worked with C++ and JavaScript.

• I am always eager to learn new languages and technologies.

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software product to find defects and ensure it meets requirements.

• Manual testing is performed by a human tester, while software testing is performed by automated tools.

• Manual testing is time-consuming and prone to human error, while software testing is faster and more accurate.

• Manual testing is best suited for exploratory testing, while software testing is best suited for regression testing.

• Manual testing requires human intuitio...read more

Yes, static methods can be overloaded but not overridden.

• Overloading is having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

• Static methods cannot be overridden as they belong to the class and not the instance.

• Example of overloading: public static void method(int a) and public static void method(int a, int b)

Sign off is the approval given by stakeholders to release the product. Conditional sign off is given with some conditions.

• Sign off is the final approval given by stakeholders to release the product.

• It indicates that the product has met all the requirements and is ready for release.

• Conditional sign off is given when there are some minor issues that need to be fixed before release.

• It means that the stakeholders approve the product with some conditions that need to be met before...read more

Query parameters are appended to the end of a URL after a '?' while path parameters are part of the URL path.

• Query parameters are optional and can be used to filter or sort data.

• Path parameters are mandatory and used to identify a specific resource.

• Query parameters are separated by '&' while path parameters are separated by '/'.

• Example of query parameter: www.example.com/search?q=keyword

• Example of path parameter: www.example.com/users/123

QA testing involves ensuring software quality by identifying bugs and issues before release. I have implemented QA testing in various projects.

• QA testing involves creating test cases, executing them, and reporting bugs.

• I have implemented QA testing in web applications, mobile apps, and software projects.

• Examples of QA testing tools I have used include Selenium, Jira, and TestRail.

Postman allows logging of request and response through its console feature.

• Postman's console feature allows logging of request and response data

• To enable logging, go to the console tab and select 'All' from the dropdown menu

• The console displays the request and response data along with other details like headers and status codes

JAVA program to reverse a string and repeated occurrence with and without loops

• Use StringBuilder class to reverse the string without loops

• Use for loop to reverse the string with loops

• Use HashMap to count the occurrence of each character

• Use LinkedHashMap to maintain the order of occurrence

Regression testing is the process of testing changes made to an application to ensure that existing functionalities still work as expected.

• Regression testing is performed after making changes to an application to ensure that the existing functionalities are not affected.

• It is a type of testing that ensures that the application still works as expected after changes have been made.

• Regression testing can be automated or manual.

• It is different from regular testing as it focuses o...read more

I have knowledge about various testing tools including Selenium, JMeter, Appium, TestNG, and Postman.

• Selenium for web application testing

• JMeter for load testing

• Appium for mobile application testing

• TestNG for test management

• Postman for API testing

Method Overloading is having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. Method Overriding is having a method in a subclass with the same name and parameters as a method in its superclass.

• Method Overloading is done in the same class while Method Overriding is done in different classes.

• Method Overloading is used to add more behavior to a method while Method Overriding is used to change the behavior of a method.

• Method Overloading is resolved at compile-time wh...read more

JAVA program to reverse a String and count repeated occurrences.

• Use StringBuilder to reverse the String.

• Use a HashMap to count the occurrences of each character.

• Iterate through the HashMap to print the repeated characters and their count.

To set the same header name in API, use the 'setHeader' method in the API request.

• Identify the header name that needs to be set.

• Use the 'setHeader' method in the API request to set the header name.

• Pass the header name and value as parameters to the 'setHeader' method.

• Example: request.setHeader('Authorization', 'Bearer ')

Random and dynamic data requests are requests for data that is not predetermined or fixed.

• Random data requests are requests for data that is not predetermined or fixed.

• Dynamic data requests are requests for data that changes frequently.

• Examples of random and dynamic data requests include user input, sensor data, and API responses.

Regression testing verifies if changes have affected existing functionality. Re-testing checks if defects have been fixed. Smoke testing checks basic functionality. Sanity testing checks major functionality.

• Regression testing is done to ensure that changes made to the software do not affect existing functionality.

• Re-testing is done to check if defects found in previous testing have been fixed.

• Smoke testing is done to check if basic functionality of the software is working.

• San...read more

Frequently faced API response codes include 200, 400, 401, 404, and 500.

• 200 - OK: Successful request

• 400 - Bad Request: Invalid input or missing parameters

• 401 - Unauthorized: Authentication failure

• 404 - Not Found: Requested resource not found

• 500 - Internal Server Error: Server-side error

I have worked on multiple projects as a QA Test Engineer, where I have performed test estimation, tracked bug life cycle and prioritized them based on severity.

• Test estimation is the process of predicting the effort required to complete testing activities.

• Bug life cycle includes stages like new, open, assigned, fixed, verified and closed.

• Severity priority is the level of impact a bug has on the system and priority is the order in which bugs need to be fixed.

• Example of high se...read more

I use the Selenium framework for automated testing.

• Selenium is a popular framework for web application testing.

• It supports multiple programming languages such as Java, Python, and C#.

• Selenium provides a wide range of tools and libraries for different testing needs.

• It allows for cross-browser and cross-platform testing.

• Selenium can be integrated with other testing frameworks like TestNG and JUnit.

• Example: I have used Selenium with Java to automate test cases for a web applicat...read more

CURL is a command-line tool used to transfer data to or from a server using various protocols.

• CURL stands for 'Client URL'

• It supports various protocols like HTTP, FTP, SMTP, etc.

• It can be used to send requests and receive responses from a server

• It can be used to test APIs and web services

• Example: curl https://www.example.com -v

Regression testing should be performed whenever there are changes made to the software.

• Perform regression testing after any code changes, bug fixes, or new feature implementations.

• Regression testing should also be done after configuration changes or updates to the software environment.

• Automate regression testing to ensure quick and efficient testing of the entire application.

• Regression testing is essential before releasing a new version of the software to ensure that existing...read more

Interface defines a contract, abstract class provides partial implementation, encapsulation hides implementation details.

• Interface is a blueprint for classes to implement specific methods.

• Abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and provides partial implementation.

• Encapsulation is the practice of hiding implementation details from users.

• Encapsulation is achieved through access modifiers like public, private, and protected.

• Example of interface: Comparable interfac...read more

Different types of testing include functional, performance, security, usability, compatibility, and acceptance testing.

• Functional testing checks if the software meets the specified requirements

• Performance testing checks the software's speed, scalability, and stability under different loads

• Security testing checks the software's ability to protect against unauthorized access and attacks

• Usability testing checks the software's ease of use and user-friendliness

• Compatibility testin...read more

String is immutable because it cannot be changed once created.

• String objects are stored in a constant pool, which cannot be modified.

• Any operation on a string creates a new string object.

• This ensures thread safety and prevents unintended changes to the string.

• For example, if a string is used as a key in a map, its immutability guarantees that the key will not change.

Waits in Selenium are used to synchronize the test script execution with the application's response.

• Waits are used to handle synchronization issues in Selenium

• There are two types of waits: Implicit and Explicit

• Implicit waits wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception

• Explicit waits wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding with the test script

• Examples of explicit waits include: WebDriverWait, FluentWait

BDD focuses on behavior and collaboration while TDD focuses on testing and development.

• BDD involves collaboration between developers, testers, and business stakeholders to define behavior in a common language

• TDD involves writing tests before writing code to ensure code meets requirements

• BDD uses scenarios to describe behavior while TDD uses test cases to verify functionality

• BDD is more focused on the end-user experience while TDD is more focused on code functionality

• BDD can b...read more

SQL joins are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column.

• There are four types of SQL joins: inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Inner join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Left join returns all the rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table.

• Right join returns all the rows from the right table and matching rows from the left table.

• Full outer join returns all the rows from both tables, with NULL ...read more

Sanity testing is a narrow and deep testing approach while smoke testing is a wide and shallow testing approach.

• Sanity testing is performed to check if the critical functionalities of the application are working fine after a small change in the code.

• Smoke testing is performed to check if the application is stable enough to proceed with further testing.

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing while smoke testing is a subset of acceptance testing.

• Sanity testing is more ...read more

API request methods are the actions that can be performed on a web API.

• API request methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, and OPTIONS.

• GET is used to retrieve data from the server.

• POST is used to submit data to the server.

• PUT is used to update existing data on the server.

• DELETE is used to delete data from the server.

• PATCH is used to partially update existing data on the server.

• OPTIONS is used to retrieve information about the communication options available for a resou...read more

I have strong technical skills in manual and automated testing, test case creation, defect tracking, and test reporting.

• Proficient in using testing tools like Selenium, JIRA, and TestRail

• Experience in creating and executing test cases for web and mobile applications

• Skilled in identifying and reporting defects and issues

• Ability to work in an Agile environment and collaborate with cross-functional teams

I will test a headphone by checking audio quality, comfort, durability, and compatibility with different devices.

• Test audio quality by playing various types of music at different volumes

• Check comfort by wearing the headphones for an extended period of time

• Assess durability by bending the headband and cables, and dropping the headphones from a low height

• Test compatibility by connecting the headphones to different devices such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets

Locators are used to identify web elements on a page. There are different types of locators available in Selenium.

• ID

• Name

• Class Name

• Tag Name

• Link Text

• Partial Link Text

• CSS Selector

• XPath

Bug life cycle refers to the stages a bug goes through from discovery to resolution.

• Bug is identified and reported

• Bug is assigned to a developer

• Developer fixes the bug

• Bug is retested by QA

• If bug is still present, it is reopened and assigned back to developer

• If bug is fixed, it is closed

NTT's headquarters is located in Tokyo, Japan.

• NTT's headquarters is in Tokyo, Japan

• NTT stands for Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

• Tokyo is the capital city of Japan

To handle drop-down, identify the element, select the option, and verify the selection.

• Identify the drop-down element using locators like ID, class, or XPath.

• Use Selenium's Select class to select the desired option.

• Verify the selection using assertions or by getting the selected option's text.

• Handle dynamic drop-downs using wait statements or JavaScriptExecutor.

• Test for edge cases like empty options or duplicate values.

Boundary value analysis is a software testing technique used to test boundaries between valid and invalid input values.

• Helps identify errors at boundaries of input ranges

• Tests values at the lower and upper limits, as well as just inside and just outside those limits

• Reduces the number of test cases needed for thorough testing

• Example: Testing a program that accepts numbers from 1 to 100 would include test cases for 0, 1, 100, and 101

OOPS is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects that interact with each other to perform tasks.

• OOPS stands for Object-Oriented Programming System

• It focuses on creating reusable code and organizing it into objects

• It includes concepts like inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction

• Example: A car object can have properties like color, model, and speed, and methods like start, stop, and accelerate

• OOPS languages include Java, C++, Python, and Ruby

Frames are used to divide a web page into multiple sections. They can be handled using various methods.

• Use switchTo() method to switch to the frame

• Use defaultContent() method to switch back to the main content

• Use frame() method to locate the frame by index, name, or WebElement

• Use parentFrame() method to switch to the parent frame

• Use getWindowHandle() method to get the handle of the current window

API parameters are declared in the request URL or body to pass data to the API endpoint.

• Declare API parameters in the URL by adding them after the endpoint with a '?' and separating them with '&'

• Declare API parameters in the request body for POST requests by sending key-value pairs in JSON format

• Example: /api/users?id=123&name=John for URL parameters, {"id": 123, "name": "John"} for request body

Agile methodology is an iterative approach to software development that emphasizes flexibility and customer satisfaction.

• Scrum

• Kanban

• Extreme Programming (XP)

• Crystal

• Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM)

Gender should not matter to a manager in terms of job performance and should not be a factor in hiring or promotions.

• Gender should not be a factor in job performance or ability

• Hiring or promoting based on gender is discriminatory and illegal

• Diversity and inclusion should be valued in the workplace

• Examples of successful companies with diverse leadership include Microsoft, IBM, and PepsiCo

Manual testing is the process of testing software manually without the use of automation tools.

• Manual testing involves executing test cases manually

• It requires human intervention to identify defects and issues

• It is time-consuming and requires a lot of effort

• It is useful for testing user experience and usability

• Examples of manual testing include exploratory testing, regression testing, and acceptance testing

Grey box testing is a software testing technique that combines elements of both black box testing and white box testing.

• Grey box testing involves testing the application with limited knowledge of its internal workings.

• Testers have access to some information about the internal code structure, such as database schemas or algorithms.

• This type of testing helps in identifying defects that are not easily found through black box testing.

• Examples of grey box testing include database ...read more

String is a sequence of characters in Java.

• Strings are immutable in Java.

• String class provides various methods for manipulating strings.

• Strings can be concatenated using the '+' operator.

• Strings can be compared using the 'equals()' method.

• Strings can be converted to character arrays using the 'toCharArray()' method.

API testing allows for thorough testing of backend functionality but can be complex and time-consuming.

• Advantage: Allows for thorough testing of backend functionality

• Advantage: Can be automated for efficiency

• Disadvantage: Complex and time-consuming to set up and maintain

• Disadvantage: Requires knowledge of programming languages and APIs

• Disadvantage: Limited ability to test user interface

Test scenarios are a set of steps to validate the functionality of a system.

• Identify the objective of the test

• Create test cases based on requirements

• Execute test cases and record results

• Verify if the system meets the expected outcome

• Repeat the process for different scenarios

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle, which is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software products. STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle, which is a subset of SDLC focused on testing activities.

• SDLC involves planning, designing, coding, testing, and deployment stages.

• STLC involves test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure stages.

• SDLC is a broader process that includes STLC as a part of i...read more