70+ QA Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Regression testing should be performed whenever there are changes made to the software.

• Perform regression testing after any code changes, bug fixes, or new feature implementations.

• Regression testing should also be done after configuration changes or updates to the software environment.

• Automate regression testing to ensure quick and efficient testing of the entire application.

• Regression testing is essential before releasing a new version of the software to ensure that existing...read more

Interface defines a contract, abstract class provides partial implementation, encapsulation hides implementation details.

• Interface is a blueprint for classes to implement specific methods.

• Abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and provides partial implementation.

• Encapsulation is the practice of hiding implementation details from users.

• Encapsulation is achieved through access modifiers like public, private, and protected.

• Example of interface: Comparable interfac...read more

Different types of testing include functional, performance, security, usability, compatibility, and acceptance testing.

• Functional testing checks if the software meets the specified requirements

• Performance testing checks the software's speed, scalability, and stability under different loads

• Security testing checks the software's ability to protect against unauthorized access and attacks

• Usability testing checks the software's ease of use and user-friendliness

• Compatibility testin...read more

A test case is a set of conditions to verify if a software feature works as intended.

• Test case ID: Unique identifier for the test case (e.g., TC001).

• Test case description: Brief summary of what the test case will validate (e.g., 'Verify login functionality').

• Preconditions: Any setup required before executing the test (e.g., 'User must be registered').

• Test steps: Detailed steps to execute the test (e.g., 'Enter username and password, click login').

• Expected result: The anticipa...read more

BDD focuses on behavior and collaboration while TDD focuses on testing and development.

• BDD involves collaboration between developers, testers, and business stakeholders to define behavior in a common language

• TDD involves writing tests before writing code to ensure code meets requirements

• BDD uses scenarios to describe behavior while TDD uses test cases to verify functionality

• BDD is more focused on the end-user experience while TDD is more focused on code functionality

• BDD can b...read more

String is immutable because it cannot be changed once created.

• String objects are stored in a constant pool, which cannot be modified.

• Any operation on a string creates a new string object.

• This ensures thread safety and prevents unintended changes to the string.

• For example, if a string is used as a key in a map, its immutability guarantees that the key will not change.

Waits in Selenium are used to synchronize the test script execution with the application's response.

• Waits are used to handle synchronization issues in Selenium

• There are two types of waits: Implicit and Explicit

• Implicit waits wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception

• Explicit waits wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding with the test script

• Examples of explicit waits include: WebDriverWait, FluentWait

Sanity testing is a narrow and deep testing approach while smoke testing is a wide and shallow testing approach.

• Sanity testing is performed to check if the critical functionalities of the application are working fine after a small change in the code.

• Smoke testing is performed to check if the application is stable enough to proceed with further testing.

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing while smoke testing is a subset of acceptance testing.

• Sanity testing is more ...read more

API request methods are the actions that can be performed on a web API.

• API request methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, and OPTIONS.

• GET is used to retrieve data from the server.

• POST is used to submit data to the server.

• PUT is used to update existing data on the server.

• DELETE is used to delete data from the server.

• PATCH is used to partially update existing data on the server.

• OPTIONS is used to retrieve information about the communication options available for a resou...read more

I have strong technical skills in manual and automated testing, test case creation, defect tracking, and test reporting.

• Proficient in using testing tools like Selenium, JIRA, and TestRail

• Experience in creating and executing test cases for web and mobile applications

• Skilled in identifying and reporting defects and issues

• Ability to work in an Agile environment and collaborate with cross-functional teams

Manual testing involves verifying software functionality without automation, focusing on user experience and identifying defects.

• Understand the software requirements and create test cases based on them.

• Perform exploratory testing to discover unexpected issues.

• Use test case management tools like TestRail or JIRA for tracking.

• Conduct regression testing after bug fixes to ensure no new issues arise.

• Example: Testing a login feature by entering valid and invalid credentials.

Locators are used to identify web elements on a page. There are different types of locators available in Selenium.

• ID

• Name

• Class Name

• Tag Name

• Link Text

• Partial Link Text

• CSS Selector

• XPath

Bug life cycle refers to the stages a bug goes through from discovery to resolution.

• Bug is identified and reported

• Bug is assigned to a developer

• Developer fixes the bug

• Bug is retested by QA

• If bug is still present, it is reopened and assigned back to developer

• If bug is fixed, it is closed

NTT's headquarters is located in Tokyo, Japan.

• NTT's headquarters is in Tokyo, Japan

• NTT stands for Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

• Tokyo is the capital city of Japan

To handle drop-down, identify the element, select the option, and verify the selection.

• Identify the drop-down element using locators like ID, class, or XPath.

• Use Selenium's Select class to select the desired option.

• Verify the selection using assertions or by getting the selected option's text.

• Handle dynamic drop-downs using wait statements or JavaScriptExecutor.

• Test for edge cases like empty options or duplicate values.

Boundary value analysis is a software testing technique used to test boundaries between valid and invalid input values.

• Helps identify errors at boundaries of input ranges

• Tests values at the lower and upper limits, as well as just inside and just outside those limits

• Reduces the number of test cases needed for thorough testing

• Example: Testing a program that accepts numbers from 1 to 100 would include test cases for 0, 1, 100, and 101

The defect life cycle outlines the stages a defect goes through from identification to resolution.

• 1. New: A defect is identified and logged for the first time.

• 2. Assigned: The defect is assigned to a developer for investigation.

• 3. Open: The developer starts working on the defect.

• 4. Fixed: The developer resolves the defect and marks it as fixed.

• 5. Retest: The QA team retests the defect to verify the fix.

• 6. Closed: If the defect is verified as fixed, it is marked as closed.

• 7. R...read more

My automation framework is designed for efficient testing, scalability, and maintainability using modern tools and best practices.

• Utilizes Selenium WebDriver for browser automation, enabling cross-browser testing.

• Incorporates TestNG for test management, allowing parallel execution and detailed reporting.

• Employs Page Object Model (POM) to enhance code reusability and maintainability.

• Integrates with CI/CD tools like Jenkins for automated test execution on code commits.

• Uses Mave...read more

OOPS is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects that interact with each other to perform tasks.

• OOPS stands for Object-Oriented Programming System

• It focuses on creating reusable code and organizing it into objects

• It includes concepts like inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction

• Example: A car object can have properties like color, model, and speed, and methods like start, stop, and accelerate

• OOPS languages include Java, C++, Python, and Ruby

Frames are used to divide a web page into multiple sections. They can be handled using various methods.

• Use switchTo() method to switch to the frame

• Use defaultContent() method to switch back to the main content

• Use frame() method to locate the frame by index, name, or WebElement

• Use parentFrame() method to switch to the parent frame

• Use getWindowHandle() method to get the handle of the current window

API parameters are declared in the request URL or body to pass data to the API endpoint.

• Declare API parameters in the URL by adding them after the endpoint with a '?' and separating them with '&'

• Declare API parameters in the request body for POST requests by sending key-value pairs in JSON format

• Example: /api/users?id=123&name=John for URL parameters, {"id": 123, "name": "John"} for request body

Agile methodology is an iterative approach to software development that emphasizes flexibility and customer satisfaction.

• Scrum

• Kanban

• Extreme Programming (XP)

• Crystal

• Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM)

Manual testing is the process of testing software manually without the use of automation tools.

• Manual testing involves executing test cases manually

• It requires human intervention to identify defects and issues

• It is time-consuming and requires a lot of effort

• It is useful for testing user experience and usability

• Examples of manual testing include exploratory testing, regression testing, and acceptance testing

Grey box testing is a software testing technique that combines elements of both black box testing and white box testing.

• Grey box testing involves testing the application with limited knowledge of its internal workings.

• Testers have access to some information about the internal code structure, such as database schemas or algorithms.

• This type of testing helps in identifying defects that are not easily found through black box testing.

• Examples of grey box testing include database ...read more

String is a sequence of characters in Java.

• Strings are immutable in Java.

• String class provides various methods for manipulating strings.

• Strings can be concatenated using the '+' operator.

• Strings can be compared using the 'equals()' method.

• Strings can be converted to character arrays using the 'toCharArray()' method.

Test scenarios are a set of steps to validate the functionality of a system.

• Identify the objective of the test

• Create test cases based on requirements

• Execute test cases and record results

• Verify if the system meets the expected outcome

• Repeat the process for different scenarios

API testing allows for thorough testing of backend functionality but can be complex and time-consuming.

• Advantage: Allows for thorough testing of backend functionality

• Advantage: Can be automated for efficiency

• Disadvantage: Complex and time-consuming to set up and maintain

• Disadvantage: Requires knowledge of programming languages and APIs

• Disadvantage: Limited ability to test user interface