100+ QA Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Minimum 31 socks need to be taken out to get 15 pairs of socks

• To get 15 pairs of socks, you need to have 30 socks of different colors

• After taking out 30 socks, the next sock you take out will complete the 15 pairs

• So, minimum 31 socks need to be taken out to get 15 pairs of socks

The number of apples eaten on the first day can be calculated by working backwards from the total number of apples eaten over 5 days.

• Calculate the total number of apples eaten over 5 days: 100 apples

• Subtract the apples eaten on the 2nd day (6 more than the 1st day), 3rd day (6 more than the 2nd day), and so on until the 5th day to find the apples eaten on the 1st day

• Example: 1st day = x, 2nd day = x + 6, 3rd day = x + 12, 4th day = x + 18, 5th day = x + 24. Total = 100 apples

The weight of the pen is 4 kg.

• To find the weight of the pen, we can set up the equation: pen weight = 2 kg + 1/2 of its own weight

• Let x be the weight of the pen. The equation becomes: x = 2 + 1/2 * x

• Solving for x, we get x = 4 kg

When designing an online carrom game, the saved data when the game is paused and resumed should include player scores, positions of coins, game state, and timer status.

• Player scores should be saved to ensure continuity.

• Positions of coins on the board should be saved to resume the game accurately.

• Game state (such as whose turn it is) should be saved to maintain the flow.

• Timer status should be saved to resume the game with the correct time remaining.

Quality Management System (QMS) is a set of policies, processes, and procedures implemented to ensure that products or services meet customer requirements and quality standards.

• QMS is designed to establish and maintain a systematic approach to quality management.

• It includes activities such as quality planning, quality control, quality assurance, and continuous improvement.

• QMS helps in identifying and addressing quality issues, reducing defects, and improving overall customer ...read more

Selenium is a tool used for automating web browsers. Framework can be fixed by identifying and resolving issues. Navigation tools can be written using Selenium commands.

• Selenium is a popular open-source tool for automating web browsers

• To fix a framework, identify and resolve issues with the code

• Navigation tools can be written using Selenium commands like 'get', 'click', 'sendKeys', etc.

Fill 4L using 5L and 3L jugs with minimum water wastage

• Fill the 3L jug and pour it into the 5L jug, leaving 1L in the 3L jug

• Empty the 5L jug, then pour the 1L from the 3L jug into the 5L jug

• Fill the 3L jug again and pour it into the 5L jug, now you have 4L in the 5L jug

Different bodies that certify the quality of a system include ISO, CMMI, IEEE, and FDA.

• ISO (International Organization for Standardization) provides certification for various quality management systems.

• CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) certifies the maturity level of an organization's processes.

• IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) sets standards for software quality assurance.

• FDA (Food and Drug Administration) certifies the quality of medical de...read more

Quality assurance ensures quality in the entire software development process, quality control ensures quality in the product, and testing is the process of finding defects.

• Quality assurance focuses on preventing defects by establishing processes and standards.

• Quality control focuses on identifying defects in the product through inspections and testing.

• Testing is the process of executing the software to find defects and ensure it meets requirements.

• Quality assurance and qualit...read more

ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load. It is a process used to extract data from various sources, transform it into a consistent format, and load it into a target database.

• ETL involves three main layers: Extraction, Transformation, and Loading.

• Extraction: Data is extracted from various sources such as databases, files, APIs, etc.

• Transformation: Data is cleaned, validated, and transformed into a consistent format.

• Loading: Transformed data is loaded into a target database or ...read more

Use alternative methods like JavaScript executor or actions class to interact with the element.

• Try using JavaScript executor to click the element

• Use actions class to perform a click action on the element

• Check if there are any alternative ways to interact with the element, like triggering a hover event before clicking

• Inspect the element and verify if it has any other clickable areas or child elements that can be clicked instead

Selenium IDE is a record and playback tool for automating web applications. Manual testing is done by humans, while automation is done by machines.

• Selenium IDE is a browser extension that records user actions and generates automated test scripts.

• Manual testing involves human testers executing test cases and verifying results.

• Automation testing involves using tools to execute test cases and compare actual results with expected results.

• Manual testing is time-consuming and prone...read more

DQL stands for Document Query Language. It is used to query documents in a document-oriented database like MongoDB.

• DQL is used to retrieve documents from a MongoDB database.

• It supports a wide range of query operators and expressions.

• DQL can be used to perform complex queries on nested documents.

• It also supports aggregation pipeline for advanced data processing.

• Examples of DQL queries include find(), findOne(), and aggregate().

The least count of a vernier caliper is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale.

• The least count is determined by the number of divisions on the main scale and the vernier scale.

• It is calculated by dividing the smallest division on the main scale by the number of divisions on the vernier scale.

• For example, if the smallest division on the main scale is 0.1 mm and the vernier scale has 10 divisions, the least count would be 0.01 mm.

Identifying problems and non-conformities in manufacturing processes during plant visit.

• Observe the production line for any bottlenecks or delays

• Check if the workers are following safety protocols

• Inspect the quality of raw materials used in production

• Review the documentation and records of the manufacturing process

• Identify any deviations from the standard operating procedures

• Look for any equipment or machinery that needs maintenance or repair

• Check if the finished products mee...read more

Python star pattern 1 12 123 is a pattern printing question. List and Dictionary are data structures in Python.

• Python star pattern 1 12 123 can be achieved using nested loops.

• Lists are ordered collections of items, accessed by index. Dictionaries are key-value pairs, accessed by key.

• Example: List - [1, 2, 3], Dictionary - {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

driver.close() closes the current window while driver.quit() closes all windows and ends the session.

• driver.close() only closes the current window while driver.quit() closes all windows and ends the session

• driver.close() can be used when multiple windows are open and you want to close only one of them

• driver.quit() should be used at the end of the script to ensure all windows are closed and the session is ended

Questions related to quality, MSA, experience, gauges least count, and drawing knowledge for QA Engineer position.

• Quality refers to the degree of excellence of a product or service.

• MSA stands for Measurement System Analysis, which is a statistical method used to determine the accuracy and precision of a measurement system.

• Years of experience in QA field is important for this position.

• Least count is the smallest value that can be measured by a gauge.

• Knowledge about drawing is ...read more

Object Oriented Programming is a programming paradigm that uses objects to represent real-world entities and their interactions.

• Encapsulation: bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit

• Inheritance: ability of a class to inherit properties and methods from a parent class

• Polymorphism: ability of objects to take on many forms or have multiple behaviors

• Abstraction: hiding of complex implementation details and providing a simplified interface for t...read more

Access specifiers define the level of access to classes, methods, and variables in object-oriented programming.

• Access specifiers include public, private, protected, and default.

• Public access specifier allows access from any other class.

• Private access specifier restricts access to only within the same class.

• Protected access specifier allows access within the same package and subclasses.

• Default access specifier (no keyword) restricts access to only within the same package.

A test plan is a document outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule for testing a software application.

• Identify test objectives and scope

• Define test strategies and methodologies

• List resources and tools required for testing

• Outline test schedule and milestones

• Specify test cases and scenarios

• Include risk assessment and mitigation plan

Regression, Sanity, and Smoke testing are different types of testing performed at different stages of the software development lifecycle.

• Regression testing is performed to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing and is performed to quickly determine if a new build is stable enough for more rigorous testing.

• Smoke testing is performed to check if the critical functionalities of the software...read more

QA's main work is to ensure quality of software by testing and identifying bugs and errors.

• QA's main work is to test software and identify bugs and errors

• They ensure that the software meets the requirements and specifications

• Bugs are coding mistakes that cause unexpected behavior

• Errors are mistakes made by the user that cause the software to fail

• QA engineers use various testing techniques to identify and report bugs and errors

Web locators include ID, name, class name, tag name, link text, and partial link text. Web driver supports implicit, explicit, and fluent waits.

• Web locators are used to identify elements on a web page

• ID and name locators are unique to an element

• Class name and tag name locators can identify multiple elements

• Link text and partial link text locators are used for links

• Implicit waits wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception

• Explicit waits wait for a certain co...read more

QA Engineer ensures software quality by planning, designing, and executing tests.

• Develop and execute test cases

• Identify and report defects

• Collaborate with developers to resolve issues

• Ensure compliance with quality standards

• Continuously improve testing processes

Different types of testing and their definitions, differences, and use cases.

• Unit testing: testing individual units or components of the software

• Integration testing: testing how different units or components work together

• System testing: testing the entire system as a whole

• Acceptance testing: testing if the system meets the requirements and is ready for release

• Regression testing: testing to ensure that changes or updates to the system have not caused any new issues

• Performance ...read more

Quality is the degree of excellence of a product or service. 7 QC tools are used to identify and solve quality problems.

• Quality is meeting or exceeding customer expectations

• QC tools include Pareto chart, fishbone diagram, control chart, scatter diagram, histogram, flowchart, and check sheet

• These tools help identify and solve quality problems

• They are used in various industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and software development

Quality Assurance focuses on improving processes to prevent defects, while software testers focus on identifying defects through testing.

• Quality Assurance involves creating processes and standards to ensure quality in the software development lifecycle.

• Software testers focus on executing test cases to identify defects in the software.

• Quality Assurance is proactive in nature, aiming to prevent defects from occurring.

• Software testers are reactive, identifying and reporting defe...read more

Selenium suite components include Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, and Selenium Grid. Limitations include browser compatibility issues and difficulty in testing non-web applications.

• Selenium IDE for record and playback

• Selenium WebDriver for programmatic interaction

• Selenium Grid for distributed testing

• Browser compatibility issues

• Difficulty in testing non-web applications

Yes, I am familiar with Google Cloud Platform (GCP) and BigQuery.

• I have experience working with GCP services such as Compute Engine, Cloud Storage, and BigQuery.

• I have used BigQuery for analyzing large datasets and running complex queries.

• I am familiar with setting up data pipelines and ETL processes using GCP services.

Automation testing offers faster feedback, increased test coverage, and improved accuracy.

• Faster feedback on code changes

• Increased test coverage with the ability to run more tests in less time

• Improved accuracy and consistency of test results

• Reduced testing costs and time

• Ability to test in different environments and configurations

• Identification of defects earlier in the development cycle

• Improved team productivity and collaboration

• Ability to perform regression testing easily

• Exa...read more

Error, bug, defect, and failure are all related to software quality issues.

• An error is a human mistake that produces an incorrect result.

• A bug is a coding mistake that causes unexpected behavior.

• A defect is a flaw in the software that prevents it from functioning as intended.

• A failure is when the software does not meet its requirements or crashes.

• All of these issues can impact the quality of the software and should be addressed during testing and development.

• For example, an e...read more

Yes, I am familiar with servers and their maintenance. Various companies maintain servers including Amazon, Microsoft, and Google.

• I have experience working with servers and their maintenance.

• Companies like Amazon, Microsoft, and Google maintain servers.

• I am familiar with server hardware and software components.

• I have knowledge of server security and backup procedures.

Five major exceptions encountered in automation testing

• NoSuchElementException

• TimeoutException

• StaleElementReferenceException

• ElementNotVisibleException

• ElementNotInteractableException

Answers to interview questions for QA Engineer position

• 1) To fetch first 50% data from a table, you can use SQL queries with LIMIT and OFFSET clauses.

• 2) In Selenium, handling pop-ups can be done using the Alert class or by switching to the pop-up window using window handles.

• 3) Please provide the specific string question with code to answer it.

• 4) GitHub commands include git clone, git add, git commit, git push, etc.

• 5) BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) related questions may inc...read more

To type text in an input box using Selenium, use the sendKeys() method.

• Locate the input box using a locator strategy

• Use the sendKeys() method to enter text into the input box

• Example: driver.findElement(By.id("inputBoxId")).sendKeys("Text to be entered")

Manual testing involves executing test cases without the use of automation tools. Test case writing is the process of documenting steps to test a specific functionality.

• Manual testing is the process of executing test cases by hand to identify software defects.

• Test case writing involves documenting detailed steps to test a specific functionality or feature.

• Manual testing requires human intervention to observe and verify the expected behavior of the software.

• Test cases should b...read more

MSA stands for Measurement System Analysis. It is a method to evaluate the measurement system's accuracy, precision, and stability.

• MSA is used to ensure that the measurement system is reliable and consistent.

• There are two types of MSA: Attribute Agreement Analysis (AAA) and Variable Gage R&R (VGRR).

• AAA is used for qualitative data, while VGRR is used for quantitative data.

• MSA helps to identify and eliminate the sources of variation in the measurement system.

• Examples of measur...read more

PPAP stands for Production Part Approval Process. It is a standardized process in the automotive industry to ensure quality and consistency.

• PPAP is a set of documents that are required to be submitted by suppliers to automotive manufacturers before production begins.

• The documents include items such as design records, engineering change documents, and control plans.

• PPAP is used to ensure that all parts meet the customer's specifications and requirements.

• The process includes fi...read more

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application to find defects and ensure it meets requirements.

• Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check if the software build is stable enough for further testing.

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing, focusing on specific areas of functionality after changes.

• Test cases for a glass water bottle could include checking for leaks, verifying the lid seals properly, and ensuring the bottle is dishwasher safe.

• Tes...read more

The interview questions cover topics like oops concepts, deferred defects, defect priority and severity, test scenarios for order placement, SDLC and STLC.

• Oops concepts refer to Object-Oriented Programming principles like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, and Abstraction.

• Deferred defect is a bug that is not fixed immediately but is scheduled to be fixed in a future release.

• Priority of a defect determines the order in which it should be fixed, while severity indicates ...read more

Program to reverse a string and reverse a specific word in the string.

• Create a function to reverse a string by iterating through each character and appending it to a new string in reverse order.

• Create a function to reverse a specific word in the string by splitting the string into words, finding the specific word, and reversing it.

• Combine the two functions to reverse the entire string and a specific word within it.

Use SQL query to find the third largest salary in Employee table.

• Use ORDER BY clause to sort salaries in descending order

• Use LIMIT to get the third row

• Consider handling ties if multiple employees have the same salary

Different kinds of testing include functional, performance, security, usability, and exploratory testing.

• Functional testing: testing the functionality of the software

• Performance testing: testing the speed and responsiveness of the software

• Security testing: testing the security of the software

• Usability testing: testing the user-friendliness of the software

• Exploratory testing: testing the software without a specific test plan

FMEA stands for Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. It is a systematic approach to identify and prevent potential failures in a process or product.

• FMEA is used to identify potential failures in a process or product and their effects on the end user.

• It involves analyzing the likelihood of failure, severity of the consequences, and the ability to detect and prevent the failure.

• The rating is done by assigning a score to each failure mode based on its likelihood, severity, and det...read more

To test a login page, I would verify the functionality of the login form and the security of the login process.

• Verify that the login form accepts valid credentials and rejects invalid ones

• Check for proper error messages when incorrect credentials are entered

• Test the 'forgot password' functionality

• Ensure that the login process is secure by checking for HTTPS protocol and proper encryption

• Test for session management and logout functionality

SQL is a programming language used to manage and manipulate relational databases.

• SQL stands for Structured Query Language

• It is used to create, modify, and query databases

• Commonly used in web development and data analysis

• Examples of SQL commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE