ICT Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

OSI model devices are specific to each layer of the model, facilitating communication between devices.

• Layer 1 (Physical): hubs, repeaters, cables

• Layer 2 (Data Link): switches, bridges

• Layer 3 (Network): routers, layer 3 switches

• Layer 4 (Transport): gateways, firewalls

• Layer 5 (Session): not applicable

• Layer 6 (Presentation): encryption/decryption devices

• Layer 7 (Application): servers, workstations

Routers are networking devices that forward data packets between computer networks.

• Routers connect multiple networks together and determine the best path for data to travel.

• They use routing tables to make decisions about where to send data packets.

• Routers can also provide security by blocking unwanted traffic and filtering incoming data.

• Examples of routers include home routers, enterprise routers, and core routers used by internet service providers.

Switches are networking devices that connect devices together and enable communication between them.

• Switches forward data packets between devices on a network

• They use MAC addresses to identify devices and determine where to send data

• Switches can improve network performance by reducing network congestion

• They can also enhance network security by isolating traffic between devices

• Examples of switches include Ethernet switches, LAN switches, and data center switches

Android devices can be protected from data sharing by implementing encryption, using secure connections, and restricting app permissions.

• Implement encryption on the device to protect data from being accessed by unauthorized users

• Use secure connections such as VPNs when transferring sensitive information

• Restrict app permissions to limit the data that apps can access and share

• Regularly update the device's operating system and apps to patch any security vulnerabilities

• Avoid conn...read more

Android enrollment methods include NFC, QR code, zero-touch, and manual enrollment.

• NFC (Near Field Communication) - allows users to enroll devices by tapping them against an NFC tag or device

• QR code - users can scan a QR code to quickly enroll their device

• Zero-touch enrollment - devices are automatically enrolled when turned on for the first time

• Manual enrollment - users manually enter their credentials and settings to enroll their device

DCS (Distributed Control System) is a computerized control system used to manage and automate industrial processes.

• DCS is used in industries such as oil and gas, power generation, and chemical processing.

• It consists of a network of controllers, sensors, and actuators that communicate with a central control room.

• Functions include monitoring and controlling process variables, generating alarms and alerts, and providing data for analysis and optimization.

• Examples of DCS systems ...read more

Intrinsic safety voltage level is low to prevent sparks or explosions in hazardous areas.

• Intrinsic safety is a technique used to prevent ignition of hazardous substances by limiting energy levels.

• The voltage level for intrinsic safety is typically low, usually below 30V or 60V DC.

• This low voltage level prevents sparks or explosions in hazardous areas.

• Intrinsic safety is commonly used in industries such as oil and gas, chemical, and mining.

• Examples of intrinsically safe device...read more

App protection for private apps involves implementing security measures to prevent unauthorized access and protect sensitive data.

• Implement encryption to secure data transmission and storage

• Use authentication mechanisms like biometrics or multi-factor authentication

• Implement secure coding practices to prevent vulnerabilities

• Regularly update and patch the app to address security flaws

• Monitor and analyze app usage for any suspicious activity