20+ Interview Questions and Answers

An inter-runnable variable is a shared variable between two or more tasks in an embedded system.

• It allows tasks to communicate with each other by sharing data.

• It is important for synchronization and coordination between tasks.

• It can be implemented using mutexes or semaphores.

• Example: A task that reads data from a sensor can update the inter-runnable variable with the sensor data, and another task can use that data for further processing.

I know about various software tools used in engineering such as CAD, MATLAB, ANSYS, and SolidWorks.

• CAD

• MATLAB

• ANSYS

• SolidWorks

malloc is a function in C used to allocate memory dynamically, while 'new' is an operator in C++ used for the same purpose.

• malloc is a function in C, while 'new' is an operator in C++.

• malloc returns a void pointer, while 'new' returns a pointer of the specified type.

• malloc does not call constructors, while 'new' calls constructors for the allocated memory.

• malloc requires manual memory deallocation with free(), while 'new' automatically calls the destructor and deallocates mem...read more

TPM pillars are key principles for Total Productive Maintenance, leading to improved equipment reliability and productivity.

• Pillar 1: Autonomous Maintenance - Involving operators in routine maintenance tasks to prevent breakdowns.

• Pillar 2: Planned Maintenance - Scheduled maintenance activities to keep equipment in optimal condition.

• Pillar 3: Quality Maintenance - Ensuring equipment is capable of producing quality products.

• Pillar 4: Training and Education - Providing necessary...read more

Engineering system is a collection of components that work together to achieve a specific goal.

• Engineering system involves the integration of various components such as hardware, software, and people.

• It is designed to achieve a specific goal or objective.

• Examples of engineering systems include transportation systems, communication systems, and manufacturing systems.

• Engineering systems are often complex and require interdisciplinary collaboration to design and implement.

• They a...read more

Various tools were used in the project to aid in development and testing.

• Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) such as Eclipse and Visual Studio

• Version control systems like Git and SVN

• Testing frameworks like JUnit and NUnit

• Debugging tools like GDB and WinDbg

• Build tools like Maven and Gradle

• Continuous Integration (CI) tools like Jenkins and Travis CI

Memory layout refers to the organization of data in computer memory.

• Memory is divided into segments such as stack, heap, and data.

• Each segment has its own address range and purpose.

• The stack grows downwards while the heap grows upwards.

• Data segment contains global and static variables.

• Memory layout can vary based on the operating system and architecture.

• Example: x86 architecture has a flat memory model while ARM has a segmented memory model.

The least count of a vernier scale is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale.

• The least count is determined by the number of divisions on the main scale and the vernier scale.

• It is calculated as the difference between one smallest division on the main scale and one division on the vernier scale.

• For example, if the main scale has divisions of 1 mm and the vernier scale has 10 divisions between two main scale divisions, the least count would be 0.1 mm.

A program to sort the characters in a string.

• Use a sorting algorithm like bubble sort or quicksort.

• Convert the string to an array of characters for sorting.

• Join the sorted array back into a string.

• Consider upper and lower case characters separately.

Gears are mechanical components that transmit power and motion between rotating shafts. There are various types of gears.

• Gears are used to transmit power and motion between rotating shafts

• They are classified into various types such as spur, helical, bevel, worm, etc.

• Spur gears are the most common type and have straight teeth that run parallel to the axis of rotation

• Helical gears have angled teeth that run at an angle to the axis of rotation, resulting in smoother and quieter ...read more

5s culture in automobile refers to the implementation of a systematic approach to workplace organization and cleanliness.

• Sort - organizing items and removing unnecessary items from the workplace

• Set in order - arranging items in a logical and efficient manner

• Shine - cleaning and maintaining the workplace

• Standardize - establishing procedures and guidelines for maintaining the workplace

• Sustain - ensuring that the 5s culture is maintained and continuously improved

• Example: organiz...read more

Dual mass flywheel is a type of flywheel used in vehicles to reduce vibrations and noise.

• Consists of two flywheels connected by springs to absorb vibrations

• Used in vehicles with high torque engines to reduce wear and tear on transmission

• Commonly found in diesel engines and heavy-duty trucks

• Can be more expensive to replace than a single mass flywheel

5s is a methodology used to organize a workplace for efficiency and effectiveness by identifying and storing items used, maintaining the area and items, and sustaining the new order.

• Sort: Separate necessary items from unnecessary ones.

• Set in order: Arrange necessary items in a logical and efficient manner.

• Shine: Clean and inspect the work area regularly.

• Standardize: Establish standards and procedures for maintaining the organized workplace.

• Sustain: Ensure the new system is ma...read more

Line balancing is the process of assigning tasks to workstations in a way that evens out the workload and maximizes efficiency.

• Involves distributing workload evenly among workstations

• Minimizes idle time and bottlenecks

• Improves productivity and efficiency

• Example: In an assembly line, tasks are allocated to different stations to ensure smooth flow of production

Windows can be handled using automation tools and techniques.

• Use automation tools like Selenium, Appium, or WinAppDriver to interact with windows

• Identify windows using unique identifiers like window title, handle, or class name

• Perform actions like clicking buttons, entering text, or verifying window properties

• Handle pop-up windows or dialogs using appropriate methods

• Use exception handling to handle unexpected errors or issues

The Vernier scale least count of 0.1 mm means that it can measure increments of 0.1 mm accurately.

• Vernier scale least count refers to the smallest measurement that can be accurately read on the scale

• In this case, the Vernier scale can measure increments of 0.1 mm

• This allows for precise measurements to be taken in increments of 0.1 mm

• For example, if the main scale reads 2.3 mm and the Vernier scale aligns at 0.2 mm, the total measurement would be 2.5 mm

Bottlenecks are points in a process where the flow of work is impeded or slowed down, causing delays and inefficiencies.

• Bottlenecks can occur due to limited resources, such as equipment or manpower

• Identifying and addressing bottlenecks is crucial for improving overall productivity

• Examples of bottlenecks include a machine that frequently breaks down, causing a backlog in production

• Implementing strategies like cross-training employees or investing in additional equipment can he...read more

Bug cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, fixing, retesting, and closing software bugs.

• Bug is identified by tester or user

• Bug is reported to development team

• Development team fixes the bug

• Bug is retested to ensure it is resolved

• Bug is closed if fixed successfully