Volkswagen Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Difference between IOC and DI?
Ans. 
IOC is a design pattern where control is inverted, while DI is a technique to achieve IOC by injecting dependencies into a class.
• IOC stands for Inversion of Control, where the control of flow is inverted from the traditional top-down approach.

• DI stands for Dependency Injection, a technique used to implement IOC by injecting dependencies into a class from an external source.

• IOC is a design principle, while DI is a techn...read more
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Q2. Exception handling in the spiring Boot?
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Q3. @RequestBody annotation?
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Q4. Function and BiFunction?
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Q5. Equals and Hashcode ?
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Q6. Type casting in the Java?
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Q7. Intermediate and terminal operators in Java?
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Q8. Functional interface in java?
Ans. 
Functional interface in Java is an interface with only one abstract method. It can have multiple default or static methods.
• Functional interfaces can be annotated with @FunctionalInterface to ensure they have only one abstract method.

• Examples of functional interfaces in Java include Runnable, Callable, and ActionListener.

• Lambda expressions can be used to implement functional interfaces concisely.
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Q9. Various methods in the RestApi?
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Various methods in RestApi include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE.
• GET - Used to retrieve data from the server. Example: GET /users

• POST - Used to send data to the server to create a new resource. Example: POST /users

• PUT - Used to update an existing resource on the server. Example: PUT /users/1

• DELETE - Used to delete a resource on the server. Example: DELETE /users/1
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Q10. Coding question find the first non repeting char in the string using java 8.
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Q11. Find the sum of all even numbers without using inbuild methods using stream api.
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Q1. Architecture of k8s, openshift, ELK, Prometheus, Grafana
Ans. 
Kubernetes (k8s) is a container orchestration platform, OpenShift is a Kubernetes distribution with added features, ELK stack is for log management, Prometheus is for monitoring, and Grafana is for visualization.
• Kubernetes (k8s) is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

• OpenShift is a Kubernetes distribution by Red Hat that ad...read more
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Q1. What is terraform
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Terraform is an open-source infrastructure as code software tool created by HashiCorp.
• Terraform allows users to define and provision infrastructure using a declarative configuration language.

• It supports multiple cloud providers such as AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform.

• Terraform manages infrastructure resources as code, enabling automation and version control.

• It helps in creating, updating, and deleting infrastruct...read more
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Q2. What is tf state files
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Tf state files are files generated by Terraform to store the state of your infrastructure.
• Tf state files store information about the resources managed by Terraform

• They help Terraform track the current state of your infrastructure

• Tf state files should be stored securely to prevent unauthorized access
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Duration : 1 hour
Topics : Java and DSA

Q1. Linked List, Stack and Queue
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Q2. BFS vs DFS. Graph Traversal
Ans. 
BFS explores neighbors before moving to next level, while DFS explores as far as possible before backtracking.
• BFS uses a queue to keep track of nodes to visit next, while DFS uses a stack or recursion.

• BFS is optimal for finding shortest path in unweighted graphs, while DFS is more memory efficient.

• BFS is typically implemented iteratively, while DFS can be implemented recursively.

• Example: BFS is used in level order trav...read more
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Q1. Why do you want to join us
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I want to join your team to contribute to innovative projects and grow in a collaborative environment that values creativity and technology.
• Innovative Projects: Your company is known for its cutting-edge solutions, like the recent AI-driven application that enhances user experience.

• Collaborative Environment: I thrive in teamwork settings, and your emphasis on collaboration aligns with my belief that great ideas come fr...read more
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Q2. Where do you see yourself in next 5 years.
Ans. 
In five years, I envision myself as a senior software developer, leading projects and mentoring junior developers in a dynamic team.
• Career Advancement: I aim to progress to a senior developer role, where I can take on more complex projects and responsibilities.

• Leadership Skills: I plan to develop my leadership skills by mentoring junior developers and leading project teams to foster collaboration.

• Continuous Learning: I...read more
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Q1. @qualifier annotations
Ans. 
@Qualifier is used in Spring to resolve ambiguity when multiple beans of the same type exist in the application context.
• @Qualifier annotation helps in injecting specific beans when multiple candidates are available.

• It can be used with @Autowired to specify which bean to inject.

• Example: If you have two beans of type 'DataSource', use @Qualifier("myDataSource") to specify which one to use.

• It can also be used with constru...read more
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Q2. @getmapping annotations
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@GetMapping is a Spring MVC annotation that maps HTTP GET requests to specific handler methods in a controller.
• @GetMapping is a composed annotation that acts as a shortcut for @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET).

• It is used to handle GET requests in RESTful web services.

• Example: @GetMapping("/users") maps GET requests for '/users' to a method that retrieves user data.

• It can also accept path variables and request...read more
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Q1. Batch processing
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Q2. Mysql second max salary
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Q1. When you join .
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I can join immediately or within a two-week notice period, depending on my current commitments.
• I am available to start immediately if needed.

• If required, I can provide a two-week notice to my current employer.

• I am flexible with start dates to accommodate the team's needs.

• For example, if the project is urgent, I can prioritize joining sooner.
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Q2. Your package is this.
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Q1. Asynchronous programming and its disadvantages
Ans. 
Asynchronous programming allows tasks to run concurrently, but can lead to complex code and potential race conditions.
• Difficult to debug due to non-linear flow of execution

• Potential for race conditions when multiple tasks access shared resources

• Complex error handling and callback hell can make code hard to read and maintain
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Q2. Events vs delegates
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Events are a higher-level concept that allows objects to communicate without knowing each other, while delegates are a type-safe function pointers.
• Events are based on the observer design pattern, where an object (the publisher) maintains a list of other objects (subscribers) that are interested in being notified when a certain event occurs.

• Delegates are similar to function pointers in C++, but with type safety and obje...read more
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Q3. Program to check prime number and a program to reverse a string
Ans. 
Program to check prime number and reverse a string
• For checking prime number, iterate from 2 to n/2 and check if n is divisible by any number

• For reversing a string, use a loop to iterate through the characters and build the reversed string
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Q4. Write code for Singleton class and explain
Ans. 
Singleton class ensures only one instance of a class is created and provides a global point of access to it.
• Use a private static variable to hold the instance of the class.

• Make the constructor private to prevent instantiation from outside the class.

• Provide a static method to access the instance, creating it if necessary.
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Q5. Garbage Collector
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Q6. What is ref and out
Ans. 
ref and out are keywords in C# used for passing arguments to methods by reference.
• ref keyword is used to pass arguments by reference, allowing the method to modify the value of the argument

• out keyword is similar to ref, but the argument does not have to be initialized before being passed to the method

• Example: void UpdateValue(ref int num) { num = num * 2; }

• Example: void GetValues(out int a, out int b) { a = 10; b = 20;...read more
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