Virtusa Consulting Services Senior Pega Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Explain architecture of your project
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Q2. Some questions on Java, Spring Boot and sql
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Q1. Project flow and some behavioural questions
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Q2. Project contribution of yours
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Developed a web application for tracking employee attendance and performance
• Implemented user authentication and authorization using Spring Security

• Utilized Hibernate for database interaction and data persistence

• Designed and developed RESTful APIs for frontend integration

• Used AngularJS for frontend development to create interactive user interfaces
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Q1. Basic formalities before offer release
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A standard online test conducted through one of the testing platforms.

Q1. Java 8 features
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Q2. Rest API
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Q3. Java 8 coding problem
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Q4. Collections
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Q1. It was based on my previous project
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Q1. Discussion about my previous project
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Q2. Question on html, css, javascript & react
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Q3. Explain about promises
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Promises are objects representing the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation.
• Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• They can be in one of three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.

• Promises can be chained using .then() to handle success and .catch() to handle errors.

• Example: const myPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { ... });
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Q4. Use state, context api
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Q5. Box modelling in css, css pre processors
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Box model in CSS refers to the way elements are rendered in a web page. CSS preprocessors like SASS or LESS help streamline CSS development.
• Box model in CSS includes content, padding, border, and margin.

• CSS preprocessors like SASS or LESS allow for variables, nesting, and mixins to be used in CSS.

• Example: box-sizing: border-box; in CSS changes the box model to include padding and border in the element's total width and
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Q1. What are primitive and non primitive data types
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Primitive data types are basic data types provided by the programming language, while non-primitive data types are created by the programmer.
• Primitive data types include int, float, double, char, boolean, etc.

• Non-primitive data types include arrays, classes, interfaces, etc.

• Primitive data types store actual values, while non-primitive data types store references to objects.
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Q2. What are access modifiers and non access modifiers
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Access modifiers control the visibility of classes, methods, and variables. Non-access modifiers provide additional functionality.
• Access modifiers: public, private, protected, default

• Non-access modifiers: static, final, abstract, synchronized

• Example: public class MyClass { private int myVar; }
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Q3. What are all Java 8 features and explain the one which we have used in our project
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Java 8 features include lambda expressions, functional interfaces, streams, and more.
• Lambda expressions allow concise syntax for defining anonymous functions.

• Functional interfaces can have only one abstract method and are used for lambda expressions.

• Streams provide a way to process collections of objects in a functional style.

• Optional class helps to avoid NullPointerException by wrapping a value that may be null.
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Q4. CICD tools which we have used explain in high level
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CICD tools automate the process of building, testing, and deploying code changes.
• Popular CICD tools include Jenkins, GitLab CI/CD, CircleCI, and Travis CI

• These tools help in automating the software development lifecycle

• They enable continuous integration, continuous delivery, and continuous deployment

• CICD tools help in improving code quality, reducing manual errors, and increasing development speed
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Q5. What is containerization
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Containerization is a lightweight, portable, and self-sufficient way to package and run applications.
• Containerization involves encapsulating an application and its dependencies into a container image.

• Containers are isolated from each other and share the host OS kernel.

• Popular containerization platforms include Docker and Kubernetes.

• Containerization allows for easy deployment and scaling of applications.
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Q6. What is indexing in sql
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Indexing in SQL is a technique used to improve the performance of queries by creating a data structure that allows for faster retrieval of data.
• Indexes are created on columns in a database table to speed up the retrieval of rows that match a certain condition in a query.

• They work similar to the index in a book, allowing the database to quickly locate the rows that satisfy the query.

• Indexes can be created using a single...read more
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Q7. Programming question on stream like finding the longest string in a given list of string
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Q1. What is Dependency Injection?
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Dependency Injection is a design pattern in which components are given their dependencies rather than creating them internally.
• Allows for easier testing by providing mock dependencies

• Promotes loose coupling between components

• Improves code reusability and maintainability

• Examples: Constructor injection, Setter injection, Interface injection
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Q2. How to handle exception in java
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In Java, exceptions can be handled using try-catch blocks to catch and handle specific exceptions.
• Use try-catch blocks to catch exceptions and handle them gracefully

• Use multiple catch blocks to handle different types of exceptions

• Use finally block to execute code regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not

• Throw custom exceptions using throw keyword
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Q1. In Java8, different between flatmap and map
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map transforms each element in a stream, while flatMap transforms each element into multiple elements
• map applies a function to each element in a stream and returns a new stream of the results

• flatMap applies a function that returns a stream for each element in the original stream, then flattens the streams into a single stream

• Example: map - stream.map(x -> x * x), flatMap - stream.flatMap(str -> Arrays.stream(str.split(
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Q2. How to handle the ConcureentModificationException
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ConcurrentModificationException occurs when a collection is modified while iterating over it.
• Use Iterator to iterate over the collection instead of foreach loop.

• If modification is necessary, use Iterator's remove() method instead of collection's remove() method.

• Consider using synchronized collections or ConcurrentHashMap to avoid ConcurrentModificationException.
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It was an online assessment containing 3 DSA questions

Q1. Medium level array questions
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Q2. Medium level DP questions
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Q1. General behavioural question about
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Q1. Difference between linked list and array list
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Linked list is a data structure where elements are stored in nodes with pointers to the next node. Array list is a dynamic array that can grow or shrink in size.
• Linked list allows for efficient insertion and deletion of elements anywhere in the list.

• Array list provides fast access to elements using index, but slower insertion and deletion compared to linked list.

• Example: Linked list - 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5, Array list
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Q2. Difference between @controller and @ Rest controller
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The @Controller annotation is used for traditional MVC controllers, while @RestController is used for RESTful web services.
• The @Controller annotation is used to define a class as a Spring MVC controller, which can handle HTTP requests and return a view.

• The @RestController annotation is used to define a class as a controller for RESTful web services, which can handle HTTP requests and return data in JSON or XML format.

• T...read more
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Q1. Can we call future method from batch class
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Yes, future methods can be called from a batch class in Salesforce.
• Future methods can be called from batch classes to perform asynchronous processing.

• This can be useful for offloading long-running tasks to future methods to avoid hitting governor limits.

• Example: Calling a future method from a batch class to update records in Salesforce asynchronously.
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Q2. What's the use of @track decorator. Is it mandatory to explicitly use it? If yes, for which use case?
Ans. 
The @track decorator in Salesforce is used to track changes to a property in a Lightning web component.
• Used to make a property reactive and trigger re-renders when its value changes

• Not mandatory but recommended for properties that need to be reactive

• Use @track when you want changes to a property to be reflected in the UI
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Q3. When does APEX CPU Limit Exceeded error happens. What's the best practice to avoid getting this error?
Ans. 
APEX CPU Limit Exceeded error happens when code consumes too much CPU time. Best practices include optimizing code, reducing loops, and using asynchronous processing.
• Avoid using nested loops and optimize code for better performance

• Use asynchronous processing like @future or Queueable to offload CPU intensive tasks

• Limit the use of SOQL queries inside loops to reduce CPU consumption
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Q4. When does Mixed DML Exception occurs?
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Mixed DML Exception occurs when DML operations are performed on setup and non-setup objects in a single transaction.
• Occurs when DML operations are performed on both setup and non-setup objects in a single transaction

• Setup objects include User, Profile, PermissionSet, etc.

• Non-setup objects include custom objects, standard objects like Account, Contact, etc.
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Q5. Debug the following code: var a=10; function abc() { console.log(a); var a=2; } abc();
Ans. 
The code will output 'undefined' because variable 'a' is hoisted within the function.
• Variable 'a' is hoisted to the top of the function scope, so when 'console.log(a)' is called, 'a' is undefined.

• To fix this, move the declaration of 'var a=2;' above the 'console.log(a);' statement.
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Q6. Write a SOQL query to fetch the values of description field from the Account. Why does "the description field cannot be filtered in the query call"?
Ans. 
SOQL query to fetch description field from Account and reason for inability to filter
• SOQL query: SELECT Description FROM Account

• Description field is not filterable because it is a long text field

• Long text fields cannot be filtered in SOQL queries
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