Varutra Consulting Security Consultant Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Basic questions
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Q1. Security basic questions
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Q1. Mostly from tcp/ip , dns, dhcp and firewall
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Q1. Tcp/ip , dns , dhcp , paloalto firewall all features
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Q1. What is 3 way hand shaking
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3 way hand shaking is a process in TCP/IP communication where three packets are exchanged to establish a connection.
• Three packets are involved: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK

• SYN packet is sent by the client to the server to initiate the connection

• SYN-ACK packet is sent by the server to the client as a response

• ACK packet is sent by the client to the server to confirm the connection
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Q2. What is OSI Model
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The OSI Model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.
• The OSI Model stands for Open Systems Interconnection Model.

• It helps in understanding how data is transferred between devices in a network.

• Each layer has specific functions and communicates with the adjacent layers.

• Examples of layers include Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Sessio
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Q3. Tell about your work culture
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Q4. Difference between tcp and udp
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TCP is connection-oriented, reliable, and slower, while UDP is connectionless, unreliable, and faster.
• TCP is connection-oriented, meaning it establishes a connection before sending data, while UDP is connectionless.

• TCP is reliable as it ensures all data is received in order and without errors, while UDP does not guarantee delivery.

• TCP is slower due to the overhead of establishing and maintaining connections, while UDP ...read more
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Q5. What is firewall
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A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
• Acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external network

• Filters traffic based on rules set by the network administrator

• Can be hardware-based or software-based

• Examples include Cisco ASA, Palo Alto Networks, and pfSense
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Q1. SSL Related ! Qualys VMDR Module scans related ! Application vuln !
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Q2. Top 10 owasp How to prioritise and remediate vulnerabilities
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Prioritizing and remediating vulnerabilities using OWASP Top 10
• Start by identifying the vulnerabilities that pose the highest risk to the organization

• Use the OWASP Top 10 as a guide to prioritize vulnerabilities

• Consider the likelihood and potential impact of each vulnerability

• Remediate vulnerabilities based on their priority level

• Perform regular vulnerability assessments to stay up-to-date on new vulnerabilities

• Example...read more
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Q1. What are the information in TCP IP Header?
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TCP IP Header contains information such as source and destination IP addresses, port numbers, sequence numbers, and more.
• Source IP address

• Destination IP address

• Source port number

• Destination port number

• Sequence number

• Acknowledgment number

• Header length

• Checksum
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Q2. What is App ID in Palo Alto Firewalls?
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App ID in Palo Alto Firewalls is a feature that identifies applications on the network based on various parameters.
• App ID uses multiple methods to identify applications, including port-based, protocol-based, and application signature-based identification.

• It allows administrators to create policies based on specific applications rather than just ports or protocols.

• App ID helps in enhancing security by allowing granular ...read more
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Q3. What is the SP3 Architecture of Palo Alto Firewalls?
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SP3 Architecture of Palo Alto Firewalls refers to Security Processing Plane, Control Plane, and Data Plane.
• SP3 Architecture consists of Security Processing Plane (SP), Control Plane (C), and Data Plane (D)

• Security Processing Plane (SP) handles security functions like threat prevention and decryption

• Control Plane (C) manages routing and firewall policies

• Data Plane (D) processes and forwards traffic based on firewall pol...read more
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It has 40 Questions and time duration of more than 45 minutes

It has 2 coding questions in java, 1 SQL question and 1 HTML, CSS question.

Q1. Difference between GET and POST method.
Ans. 
GET method is used to request data from a specified resource, while POST method is used to submit data to be processed to a specified resource.
• GET requests data from a specified resource

• POST submits data to be processed to a specified resource

• GET requests can be cached and bookmarked, while POST requests are not cached and do not remain in the browser history

• GET requests have length restrictions, while POST requests do
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Q2. About Cyber Security and Hashing Methods
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