30+ Interview Questions and Answers

Monolithic architecture is a single large application while microservice architecture is a collection of small, independent services.

• Monolithic architecture is a single, tightly coupled application where all components are interconnected.

• Microservice architecture breaks down the application into smaller, loosely coupled services that communicate through APIs.

• Migrating from monolithic to microservices involves breaking down the application into smaller services, identifying bo...read more

IPSec is a protocol suite used to secure IP communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet.

• IPSec operates at the network layer of the OSI model.

• It provides data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication.

• IPSec uses two main protocols: Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP).

• During tunnel formation, the following packets are exchanged: IKE Phase 1 Main Mode, IKE Phase 1 Aggressive Mode, IKE Phase 2 Quick Mode.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost all sectors, but some of the most affected sectors are healthcare, tourism, hospitality, and retail.

• Healthcare sector due to increased demand for medical supplies and services

• Tourism sector due to travel restrictions and lockdowns

• Hospitality sector due to closure of hotels and restaurants

• Retail sector due to reduced consumer spending and supply chain disruptions

Automating API using JMeter and writing assertions for output

• Record API requests using JMeter's HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder

• Add assertions to verify response data, status codes, headers, etc.

• Use JMeter's built-in assertions like Response Assertion, JSON Assertion, etc.

• Write custom assertions using JMeter functions or scripting languages like Groovy

• Run the test plan and analyze the results to ensure the API is functioning correctly

HTML is a markup language used to create web pages. Elements are the building blocks of HTML. Headings are used to define the structure of a document. Attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.

• HTML is a markup language used to structure content on the web.

• Elements are the individual components of an HTML document, such as headings, paragraphs, images, etc.

• Headings are used to define the hierarchy and structure of a document. They range from h1 (highest) to...read more

To check if a property is already initialized in Selenium, you can use the 'isDisplayed' method.

• Use the 'isDisplayed' method to check if the property is visible on the web page

• If the property is visible, it is likely initialized

• If the property is not visible, it may not be initialized

The financial status of a company refers to its overall financial health and performance.

• Financial status can be determined by analyzing financial statements such as balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements.

• Key indicators of financial status include profitability, liquidity, solvency, and efficiency.

• Profitability measures the company's ability to generate profits, while liquidity measures its ability to meet short-term obligations.

• Solvency measures the comp...read more

STLC, bug severity priority, waits in Selenium, Java OOPs

• STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle and includes phases like requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure

• Bug severity is the impact of a bug on the system, while bug priority is the order in which bugs should be fixed

• Waits in Selenium are used to make the test script wait for a certain condition to be met before proceeding

• Java OOPs concepts include classes, objects, inherita...read more

Refundable credits are credits that can result in a refund if they exceed the amount of taxes owed, while nonrefundable credits can only reduce tax liability to zero.

• Refundable credits can result in a refund if they exceed the amount of taxes owed.

• Nonrefundable credits can only reduce tax liability to zero.

• Examples of refundable credits include the Earned Income Tax Credit and the American Opportunity Credit.

• Examples of nonrefundable credits include the Child Tax Credit and t...read more

Count the occurance of each character in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and store the count of each character in a hashmap.

• Print the count of each character from the hashmap.

Company status refers to the legal and financial standing of a company.

• It indicates whether a company is active or inactive.

• It also reflects the financial health of the company.

• Company status can be checked through government databases or credit reporting agencies.

• Examples of company status include 'active', 'dissolved', 'suspended', and 'bankrupt'.

SQL Server features and troubleshooting steps

• SQL Server features include high availability, scalability, and security

• Troubleshooting steps for SQL Server issues involve identifying the problem, analyzing logs, and applying appropriate fixes

• Examples of troubleshooting steps include checking for connectivity issues, examining error messages, and optimizing query performance

Classloaders are responsible for loading classes into the JVM at runtime.

• Java has three built-in classloaders: bootstrap, extension, and system.

• Custom classloaders can be created to load classes from non-standard sources.

• Classloaders follow a delegation model, where they first delegate to their parent classloader before attempting to load the class themselves.

• Classloaders can be used for dynamic class loading and hot-swapping of code at runtime.

VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) is a virtual network in the cloud that allows users to securely connect their resources.

• VPC provides isolated networking environment in the cloud

• Users can define their own IP address range, subnets, and route tables

• VPC allows creation of public and private subnets

• Network Access Control Lists (ACLs) and Security Groups can be used to control inbound and outbound traffic

• VPC peering enables connection between VPCs in different regions or AWS accounts

To handle a bug in a database, identify the root cause, develop a fix, test the fix, and implement it carefully.

• Identify the root cause of the bug by analyzing error messages, logs, and user reports.

• Develop a fix for the bug by writing SQL queries or scripts to correct the data.

• Test the fix in a controlled environment to ensure it resolves the issue without causing any new problems.

• Implement the fix carefully in the production database, following proper change management proc...read more

Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditions in programming. Identifiers are names given to variables, functions, etc.

• Logical operators include AND (&&), OR (||), and NOT (!)

• Identifiers can be of different types such as variable, function, class, etc.

• Identifiers must follow certain naming conventions and cannot start with a number or special character

• Examples of identifiers include firstName, calculateArea, MyClass

In a crisis situation, it is important to stay calm, assess the situation, communicate effectively, and take decisive action.

• Stay calm and composed to think clearly and make rational decisions

• Assess the situation by gathering all relevant information and understanding the scope of the crisis

• Communicate effectively with team members, stakeholders, and authorities to coordinate response efforts

• Take decisive action to address the crisis promptly and efficiently

• Implement continge...read more

Various methodologies such as Agile, Waterfall, and Scrum are used to work on projects.

• Agile methodology focuses on flexibility and adaptability to changes throughout the project.

• Waterfall methodology follows a linear sequential flow, with each phase dependent on the deliverables of the previous one.

• Scrum methodology involves iterative development cycles called sprints, with regular meetings and feedback sessions.

I am proficient in various Excel formulas including VLOOKUP, SUMIF, COUNTIF, INDEX-MATCH, and IF functions.

• VLOOKUP: Used to search for a value in the first column of a range and return a value in the same row from another column.

• SUMIF: Adds the cells specified by a given condition or criteria.

• COUNTIF: Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given condition.

• INDEX-MATCH: Used together to look up a value in a table based on multiple criteria.

• IF function: Performs...read more

Database performance can be improved by optimizing queries, indexing, regular maintenance, and hardware upgrades.

• Optimize queries by using proper indexing and avoiding unnecessary joins

• Regularly maintain the database by cleaning up old data and running performance tuning scripts

• Consider hardware upgrades such as adding more memory or faster storage devices

• Monitor database performance using tools like SQL Profiler or Performance Monitor

Azure services provide a wide range of features for cloud computing and infrastructure management.

• Azure Virtual Machines: Provides scalable computing power in the cloud.

• Azure App Service: Enables building and hosting web and mobile apps.

• Azure Functions: Allows running event-driven code without managing infrastructure.

• Azure Storage: Offers scalable and secure cloud storage solutions.

• Azure SQL Database: Provides a managed relational database service.

• Azure Cosmos DB: Globally di...read more

JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language that is used to make web pages interactive and dynamic.

• JavaScript is commonly used for client-side web development.

• It can be used to create interactive features like forms, animations, and dynamic content.

• JavaScript can also be used for server-side development with Node.js.

Types of variables in JavaScript include var, let, and const.

• var: globally scoped or function scoped

• let: block scoped, can be reassigned

• const: block scoped, cannot be reassigned

String concatenation in JavaScript is the process of combining two or more strings into a single string.

• Use the '+' operator to concatenate strings.

• Use the concat() method to concatenate strings.

• Template literals can also be used for string concatenation.

To center a div, use CSS properties like margin, display, and text-align.

• Use 'margin: 0 auto;' to center horizontally

• Set 'display: flex;' on the parent container and 'justify-content: center;' to center both horizontally and vertically

• For older browsers, use 'text-align: center;' on the parent container and 'display: inline-block;' on the div

Elastic Search is a distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine built on top of Apache Lucene.

• Elastic Search is a highly scalable and flexible search engine.

• It is designed to handle large volumes of data and perform fast searches.

• It provides real-time search, full-text search, and analytics capabilities.

• Elastic Search uses a JSON-based query language for searching and filtering data.

• It can be used for various use cases like log analysis, e-commerce search, and monitoring...read more

Generics in programming allow for the creation of classes, interfaces, and methods that operate on specified types.

• Generics provide type safety by allowing the specification of types at compile time.

• They enable the creation of reusable code that can work with different data types.

• Examples include List in C# and ArrayList in Java.

Reverse a given string

• Iterate through the string from end to start and append each character to a new string

• Use built-in functions like reverse() in Python or StringBuilder.reverse() in Java

• Convert the string to an array, reverse the array, and convert it back to a string

Transactions in Spring Boot help manage database operations as a single unit of work.

• Transactions ensure ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) for database operations.

• Use @Transactional annotation to mark a method as transactional.

• Transactions can be managed programmatically using TransactionTemplate.

• Rollback can be triggered manually in case of exceptions.

• Spring Boot supports both declarative and programmatic transaction management.

Oops concepts in C# include inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class.

• Encapsulation hides the internal state of an object and only exposes necessary functionality.

• Abstraction focuses on the essential characteristics of an object while hiding irrelevant details.