Synechron Interview Questions and Answers

FindElement returns a single web element, while FindElements returns a list of matching elements.

• FindElement: Returns the first matching web element based on the specified criteria.

• Example: driver.FindElement(By.Id('submit')) retrieves the first element with the ID 'submit'.

• FindElements: Returns a collection of all matching web elements as a list.

• Example: driver.FindElements(By.ClassName('button')) retrieves all elemen...read more

The wait mechanism in Selenium manages timing issues during automated tests, ensuring elements are ready for interaction.

• Implicit Wait: Sets a default wait time for the entire session. Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a specific condition to occur before proceeding. Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); wait.until(ExpectedConditions...read more

Selenium provides a straightforward way to capture screenshots using the TakesScreenshot interface.

• Import the necessary classes: 'import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;'

• Cast the WebDriver instance to TakesScreenshot: 'TakesScreenshot ts = (TakesScreenshot) driver;'

• Use the getScreenshotAs method to capture the screenshot: 'File src = ts.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);'

• Save the screenshot to a desired location: 'F...read more

Playwright offers modern features, better performance, and cross-browser support compared to Selenium.

• Cross-browser support: Playwright supports Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit, allowing testing across multiple browsers with a single API.

• Auto-waiting: Playwright automatically waits for elements to be ready before performing actions, reducing flakiness in tests.

• Headless mode: Playwright runs tests in headless mode by defa...read more

TestNG provides retry mechanisms to automatically re-run failed tests, enhancing test reliability and coverage.

• TestNG allows the use of the IRetryAnalyzer interface to define custom retry logic.

• You can implement the retry logic by creating a class that implements IRetryAnalyzer and overriding the retry method.

• Example: If a test fails, the retry method can return true to re-execute the test up to a specified limit.

• You c...read more

A feature file in Cucumber defines application behavior using Gherkin syntax for BDD testing.

• Written in Gherkin language, which uses a simple syntax for defining test cases.

• Contains scenarios that describe specific functionalities, e.g., 'Feature: User Login'.

• Each scenario includes steps defined by Given, When, Then keywords, e.g., 'Given the user is on the login page'.

• Supports multiple languages and can be easily unde...read more

Reusable components in Cucumber enhance test efficiency by allowing shared steps and definitions across multiple scenarios.

• Step Definitions: Common actions can be defined once and reused in multiple scenarios. Example: A step like 'Given I am on the login page' can be reused.

• Hooks: Setup and teardown actions can be defined globally or for specific scenarios. Example: Using @Before to initialize a browser before tests.

• D...read more

A scenario outline in Cucumber allows for parameterized testing by defining a template for multiple scenarios with varying inputs.

• Scenario outlines use 'Scenario Outline' keyword to define a template.

• Examples are provided using the 'Examples' keyword to specify different input values.

• Each example row corresponds to a test case, allowing for efficient reuse of scenarios.

• Example: Given a user with <username> and &l...read more

A StaleElementReferenceException occurs when a web element is no longer attached to the DOM.

• It typically happens when the DOM is updated after the element was located.

• Example: Clicking a button that refreshes the page can cause this exception.

• To handle it, re-locate the element before interacting with it.

• Using try-catch blocks can help manage this exception gracefully.

Inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism are core OOP principles in Java that enhance code reusability and flexibility.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class. Example: class Dog extends Animal.

• Encapsulation restricts access to certain components of an object, promoting data hiding. Example: private variables with public getters/setters.

• Polymorphism enables methods to do diff...read more

Use SQL GROUP BY and HAVING to find duplicate emails in a table.

• Use SELECT statement to specify the email column.

• GROUP BY the email column to aggregate results.

• Use HAVING COUNT(email) > 1 to filter duplicates.

• Example query: SELECT email, COUNT(email) FROM users GROUP BY email HAVING COUNT(email) > 1;

HTTP status codes indicate the result of a server's attempt to process a request, categorized into five classes.

• 1xx: Informational - e.g., 100 Continue, 101 Switching Protocols.

• 2xx: Success - e.g., 200 OK, 201 Created, 204 No Content.

• 3xx: Redirection - e.g., 301 Moved Permanently, 302 Found, 304 Not Modified.

• 4xx: Client Errors - e.g., 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 404 Not Found.

• 5xx: Server Errors - e.g., 500 Inter...read more

I am currently working as a Database Tester in a project focusing on ensuring data accuracy and integrity.

• Responsible for designing and executing test cases to validate database functionality

• Identifying and reporting defects in the database system

• Collaborating with developers to troubleshoot and resolve issues

• Ensuring data security and compliance with regulations

• Using SQL queries to retrieve and manipulate data for tes...read more

A test plan outlines the scope, approach, resources, and schedule for testing a software application.

• Identify objectives and scope of testing

• Define test strategies and methodologies

• List resources and tools required for testing

• Specify test environment setup

• Outline test schedule and milestones

• Detail test cases and scenarios

• Include risk assessment and mitigation plans

Joins in SQL are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables based on a related column

• Common types of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column

Test cases for uploading a file with different scenarios

• Verify that the file upload button is functional

• Test uploading a file of maximum allowed size

• Check for error messages when uploading an unsupported file format

• Ensure successful upload of different file types (e.g. .txt, .pdf, .docx)

• Test the behavior when trying to upload a file with the same name as an existing file

Regression testing is the process of retesting a software application to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.

• Regression testing is done to ensure that new code changes do not introduce new bugs or break existing functionality.

• It is typically performed after code changes, bug fixes, or new feature additions.

• Regression testing should be automated whenever possible to save time ...read more

To create a bug in Jira, enter detailed information like summary, description, priority, assignee, and labels.

• Enter a clear and concise summary of the bug

• Provide a detailed description of the bug including steps to reproduce

• Set the priority level of the bug (e.g. High, Medium, Low)

• Assign the bug to the appropriate team member

• Add relevant labels/tags for easy categorization

Priority and severity of a defect in database testing, types, how to choose, with examples

• Priority is the importance of fixing a defect, while severity is the impact of the defect on the system

• Different types of severity include critical, major, minor, and trivial

• Different types of priority include high, medium, and low

• Choosing priority and severity involves considering the impact on users, functionality, and business ...read more

Defect management system tracks and manages defects found during testing, while test management system organizes and controls the testing process.

• Defect management system involves logging, tracking, prioritizing, and resolving defects identified during testing.

• Test management system includes test planning, execution, and reporting to ensure testing is carried out effectively.

• Examples of defect management tools: Jira, B...read more

Creating and executing test cases in qTest involves defining test steps, assigning them to testers, executing them, and generating test reports to track progress.

• Define test cases by specifying test steps, expected results, and assigning them to testers

• Execute test cases by running them and recording the actual results

• Track progress by monitoring the status of test cases and overall test execution

• Generate test reports ...read more

To check reports generated in SQL, run queries to validate data accuracy. Benefits of database testing include ensuring data integrity and identifying performance issues.

• Run SQL queries to validate data accuracy in reports

• Check for data integrity by comparing expected results with actual results

• Identify performance issues by analyzing query execution times

• Ensure data consistency across different reports and databases

We use SQL queries and automated testing tools to verify regulatory reports. We validate data accuracy, completeness, and compliance.

• We use SQL queries to extract data from the database for regulatory reports

• We use automated testing tools like Selenium or JUnit to validate the reports

• We verify data accuracy, ensuring that the numbers and information in the reports are correct

• We check for data completeness, making sure ...read more

Cluster load balancing in Node.js helps distribute incoming requests among multiple instances of the application to improve performance and reliability.

• Cluster load balancing allows Node.js applications to utilize multiple CPU cores efficiently by creating child processes to handle incoming requests.

• It helps prevent a single instance of the application from becoming overwhelmed with requests, leading to improved perfor...read more

CQRS is a design pattern that separates the read and write operations of a system, using different models for each.

• CQRS separates the responsibility of handling commands (write operations) from queries (read operations).

• It helps in achieving better scalability, performance, and maintainability by using different models for reads and writes.

• For example, in a banking application, the write model may handle transactions a...read more

Transactions in a database ensure that a group of operations are completed successfully or rolled back if any part fails.

• Transactions help maintain data integrity by ensuring all changes are either committed or rolled back as a single unit.

• ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) are maintained in transactions.

• Examples of transactions include transferring money between bank accounts or booking a ...read more

Durability ensures that once a transaction is committed, it will persist even in the event of a system failure.

• Durability guarantees that once a transaction is committed, it will not be lost even in the event of a system crash.

• This is typically achieved through mechanisms like write-ahead logging and periodic checkpoints.

• Examples of ACID-compliant databases that ensure durability include PostgreSQL, Oracle, and SQL Ser...read more

Advantages of using a microservice architecture include scalability, flexibility, fault isolation, and technology diversity.

• Scalability: Microservices allow for individual components to be scaled independently, leading to better resource utilization.

• Flexibility: Each microservice can be developed, deployed, and updated independently, allowing for faster innovation and reduced time to market.

• Fault Isolation: If one micr...read more

Replication in a database involves copying and distributing data across multiple servers to ensure redundancy and availability.

• Replication involves creating multiple copies of the database on different servers.

• Changes made to the primary database are then propagated to the replica databases.

• Replication can be synchronous or asynchronous, with synchronous replication ensuring data consistency but potentially impacting p...read more

CQRS works by separating read and write operations in a system, improving scalability and performance.

• CQRS allows for optimized read and write operations by using separate models for each

• It simplifies the design of the system by separating concerns

• Improves scalability as read and write operations can be scaled independently

• Enables better performance by allowing for optimized data storage and retrieval strategies

Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

• Singleton pattern can be implemented by making the constructor private and providing a static method to access the instance.

• The pattern can be broken by using reflection to access the private constructor and create multiple instances.

• Another way to break the Singleton pattern is by using multiple class loaders in Java.

• Th...read more

HashMap internally uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs. To store duplicate keys, we can use a custom implementation of HashMap.

• HashMap internally uses an array of linked lists to handle collisions.

• To store duplicate keys, we can create a custom HashMap implementation that allows multiple values for the same key.

• One approach is to use a HashMap with values as lists, where each key can have multiple va...read more

Use compensating transactions and distributed tracing for managing transaction and logging in case of service B failure.

• Implement compensating transactions to rollback changes made by service B in case of failure.

• Use distributed tracing to track the flow of requests and identify where the failure occurred.

• Implement retry mechanisms to handle transient failures in service B.

• Use circuit breakers to prevent cascading fail...read more

Design a scalable booking website with user-friendly features for seamless travel and accommodation reservations.

• User Authentication: Implement OAuth for secure login (e.g., Google, Facebook).

• Search Functionality: Allow users to search for flights, hotels, and car rentals with filters (e.g., price, location).

• Booking Management: Enable users to view, modify, and cancel bookings easily.

• Payment Integration: Use secure pay...read more