60+ Software QA Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

I faced exceptions related to compatibility, synchronization, and data handling while creating a framework.

• Compatibility issues with different browsers and operating systems

• Synchronization problems with dynamic web elements

• Handling large amounts of data and optimizing performance

• Handling unexpected errors and exceptions

• Maintaining code modularity and reusability

Bug tracking is the process of identifying, reporting, prioritizing, and resolving software defects.

• Bugs are identified through testing or user feedback

• Bugs are reported in a bug tracking tool with details like steps to reproduce, severity, and priority

• Bugs are prioritized based on their impact and severity

• Bugs are assigned to developers for resolution

• Developers fix the bugs and mark them as resolved

• Testers verify the fix and mark the bug as closed or reopen if the issue pers...read more

Design test cases for a deseal car engine

• Test for engine starting and stopping

• Test for oil pressure and temperature

• Test for fuel efficiency

• Test for exhaust emissions

• Test for engine noise and vibration

Questions related to QA

• Explain the difference between verification and validation

• Describe a scenario where you found a critical bug

• How do you prioritize test cases?

OpenGL is a graphics API used in Android to render 2D and 3D graphics.

• OpenGL is a cross-platform API that allows developers to create high-performance graphics applications.

• It uses a pipeline-based model to process graphics data.

• OpenGL ES (Embedded Systems) is the version of OpenGL used in Android.

• It supports features like texture mapping, lighting, and shading.

• Developers can use OpenGL in Android to create games, visualizations, and other graphics-intensive applications.

STLC, bug severity priority, waits in Selenium, Java OOPs

• STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle and includes phases like requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure

• Bug severity is the impact of a bug on the system, while bug priority is the order in which bugs should be fixed

• Waits in Selenium are used to make the test script wait for a certain condition to be met before proceeding

• Java OOPs concepts include classes, objects, inherita...read more

List is mutable and Tuples are immutable in Python.

• Lists are enclosed in square brackets [], while Tuples are enclosed in parentheses ().

• Elements of a list can be changed, added or removed, while elements of a tuple cannot be changed.

• Lists are slower than tuples due to their mutable nature.

• Tuples are used for fixed data, while lists are used for dynamic data.

• Lists are used for homogenous data, while tuples are used for heterogenous data.

STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle. It is a process followed to ensure quality in software development.

• STLC consists of several phases including requirement analysis, test planning, test case development, test execution, and test closure.

• Requirement analysis involves understanding the software requirements and identifying test scenarios.

• Test planning involves creating a test plan, test strategy, and test estimation.

• Test case development involves creating test cases b...read more

There are multiple locator types used in software testing.

• There are 8 types of locators: ID, Name, Class Name, Tag Name, Link Text, Partial Link Text, CSS Selector, and XPath.

• Locators are used to identify web elements on a page.

• The choice of locator type depends on the specific element being located and the structure of the HTML code.

• Using unique locators can improve the stability and maintainability of automated tests.

To check processes running in a Linux machine, you can use commands like ps, top, and htop.

• Use 'ps' command to display information about processes

• Use 'top' command to display dynamic real-time view of processes

• Use 'htop' command for an interactive process viewer

Test design techniques, Test cases and Differentiate the different types of testing

• Test design techniques involve identifying test scenarios, selecting test cases, and prioritizing them based on risk.

• Test cases are specific inputs, actions, or conditions that are used to verify the functionality of a system.

• Different types of testing include functional testing, performance testing, security testing, and usability testing.

• Functional testing ensures that the system meets the sp...read more

Write a member function to find the second largest number in an array.

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the largest and second largest numbers.

• Handle edge cases like when the array has less than 2 elements.

• Consider sorting the array and returning the second last element for a simpler solution.

Test plan for login functionality on a website

• Create test cases for valid username and password

• Create test cases for invalid username and password

• Test for password strength requirements

• Test for account lockout after multiple failed login attempts

Selenium locators for handling web-based pop-ups

• Use switchTo() method to switch to the pop-up window

• Use getWindowHandles() method to get the window handles

• Use getWindowHandle() method to get the current window handle

• Use close() method to close the pop-up window

• Use quit() method to close all windows

Regression testing is testing the entire system after making changes while retesting is testing the specific area where a defect was fixed.

• Regression testing ensures that changes made to the system do not have any unintended consequences on the existing functionality.

• Retesting is done to ensure that a defect has been fixed and does not reoccur.

• Regression testing is done after every major change in the system while retesting is done after every defect fix.

• Regression testing is...read more

Polymorphism in Selenium allows for the same method to be used with different objects, improving code reusability and maintainability.

• Polymorphism in Selenium allows for the use of the same method with different objects, making the code more flexible and reusable.

• It helps in creating more generic and maintainable test scripts by allowing the same method to behave differently based on the object it is called on.

• For example, you can use polymorphism to handle different types of...read more

Functional testing is a type of testing that verifies if the software meets the specified requirements and performs its intended functions.

• It focuses on the external behavior of the software

• It is performed based on the functional specifications

• It involves black box testing techniques

• It ensures that the software is working as expected

• Examples include testing of login functionality, search functionality, etc.

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application or system to find defects or errors.

• It involves executing the software with the intention of finding bugs or issues

• It ensures that the software meets the specified requirements and works as expected

• It can be done manually or with the help of automated tools

• It includes functional testing, performance testing, security testing, and more

• It is an important part of the software development life cycle

Android architecture system is a layered architecture consisting of four main layers.

• The four main layers are Linux kernel, native libraries, application framework, and applications.

• The Linux kernel provides low-level hardware abstraction and security.

• Native libraries are written in C or C++ and provide access to hardware-specific features.

• Application framework provides high-level services such as activity management, resource management, and content providers.

• Applications ar...read more

Testcases in automation and manual testing

• Identify the test scenarios and requirements

• Create test cases for both automation and manual testing

• Ensure test cases cover positive and negative scenarios

• Execute test cases and record results

• Report and track defects

Using a sharp blade and proper cutting technique can minimize deformation when cutting thin sheets.

• Use a sharp blade to reduce the amount of force needed to cut the sheet

• Use a cutting technique that involves slicing rather than sawing

• Use a cutting surface that provides support for the entire sheet

• Consider using a cutting aid such as a straight edge or guide

• Practice cutting on scrap material before cutting the actual sheet

Agile Testing is a software testing approach that follows the principles of Agile methodology.

• It involves continuous testing throughout the software development lifecycle.

• It emphasizes collaboration between developers, testers, and stakeholders.

• It prioritizes customer satisfaction and delivering working software.

• It involves frequent feedback and adaptation to changing requirements.

• Examples include Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP).

To add a file to Bitbucket, you can use the web interface or command line tools.

• Navigate to the repository where you want to add the file

• Click on the 'Add file' button or use 'git add' command to add the file

• Commit the changes with a message describing the file addition

• Push the changes to the remote repository

Core is the central or most important part of something. Determining the core involves identifying the key components or elements.

• Core is the central or essential part of a system or object

• To determine the core, identify the key components or elements that are crucial for the functionality or purpose of the system

• In software QA, determining the core may involve identifying the critical features or functionalities that must be thoroughly tested

• Examples: For a web application, ...read more

The basic components of Android are activities, services, broadcast receivers, and content providers.

• Activities are the user interface components that allow users to interact with the app.

• Services are background components that perform long-running operations.

• Broadcast receivers are components that receive and respond to system-wide broadcast announcements.

• Content providers are components that manage a shared set of app data that can be accessed by other apps.

Manual testing is testing software manually without the use of automation tools, while automation testing is testing software using automation tools.

• Manual testing involves testers manually executing test cases without the use of automation tools.

• Automation testing involves using automation tools to execute test cases.

• Manual testing is time-consuming and prone to human error.

• Automation testing is faster, more reliable, and can be used for repetitive tasks.

• Examples of manual t...read more

We use tools like Postman, SoapUI, and JMeter to test APIs.

• Postman is a popular tool for API testing with features like automated testing, request chaining, and response validation.

• SoapUI is another tool commonly used for testing SOAP and REST APIs, offering features like test case creation and assertion testing.

• JMeter is a performance testing tool that can also be used for API testing by simulating heavy loads and analyzing performance metrics.

Writing test cases for scenario and bug life cycle

• Create test cases to cover all possible scenarios in the application

• Include positive and negative test cases to ensure thorough testing

• Document bug life cycle stages such as New, Assigned, In Progress, Resolved, Closed

• Verify bug fixes and retest to ensure they are resolved properly

Networking models define how data is transmitted over a network. Packets are created by breaking down data into smaller chunks.

• Networking models like OSI and TCP/IP define the rules for communication between devices

• Packets are created by adding headers containing source and destination information

• Data is broken down into smaller chunks for efficient transmission

• Examples of networking models include OSI model with 7 layers and TCP/IP model with 4 layers

Regression testing is retesting of previously tested functionality to ensure that changes or fixes have not introduced new defects. Smoke testing is a subset of regression testing that focuses on testing the critical functionalities of an application.

• Regression testing is performed to verify that changes or fixes in software have not introduced new defects or caused existing functionalities to fail.

• It involves retesting of previously tested functionalities to ensure their con...read more

Various techniques to find test data

• Boundary value analysis

• Equivalence partitioning

• Decision table testing

• State transition testing

• Pairwise testing

• Random testing

BDD (Behavior Driven Development) is a software development methodology that focuses on collaboration between developers, QA and non-technical stakeholders.

• BDD uses natural language to describe the behavior of a system

• It emphasizes on defining the behavior of the system before writing the code

• BDD tests are written in a way that they can be understood by non-technical stakeholders

• Tools like Cucumber, SpecFlow, and Behave are used to implement BDD framework

API testing is a type of software testing that involves testing APIs directly and verifying their functionality, reliability, performance, and security.

• API testing involves testing the communication between different software systems

• It focuses on verifying the functionality, reliability, performance, and security of APIs

• API testing can be done manually or using automated tools

• Examples of API testing tools include Postman, SoapUI, and JMeter

Defect management systems track, prioritize, and resolve software issues throughout the development lifecycle.

• Defects are reported by testers or users and logged into the system.

• Each defect is assigned a priority level based on its impact on the software.

• Defects are tracked from discovery to resolution, with status updates along the way.

• Defect management systems help teams prioritize and allocate resources efficiently.

• Examples of defect management systems include Jira, Bugzil...read more

Error codes are numeric or alphanumeric codes that indicate the type of error that occurred.

• Error codes are used to identify and diagnose errors in software applications.

• They can be generated by the operating system, hardware, or software.

• Common error codes include HTTP status codes, Windows system error codes, and SQL error codes.

• Error codes can be used to troubleshoot issues and provide feedback to users.

• Examples of error codes include 404 Not Found, 500 Internal Server Err...read more

A class in Python demonstrating OOP concepts.

• Create a class using the 'class' keyword

• Define attributes using 'self'

• Implement methods within the class

• Utilize inheritance and encapsulation

Yes, we can automate webpages parallelly using tools like Selenium Grid or TestNG.

• Use Selenium Grid to run tests in parallel on multiple machines or browsers

• Utilize TestNG to execute tests in parallel across different test classes or methods

• Implement parallel testing frameworks like TestNG's parallel attribute or Maven Surefire plugin

A data provider is a software component that supplies data to an application or system.

• Data provider is used to retrieve data from various sources like databases, files, web services, etc.

• It helps in separating the data access logic from the application logic.

• Data provider can be used in testing to supply test data to the application.

• Examples of data providers are JDBC, ADO.NET, Entity Framework, etc.

An interface in Java is a collection of abstract methods and constants that can be implemented by a class.

• Interfaces define a contract that a class must follow if it implements the interface.

• Interfaces can be used to achieve abstraction and polymorphism in Java.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only extend one class.

• Interfaces can have default methods and static methods since Java 8.

• Examples of interfaces in Java include Serializable, Comparable, and Runnable.

The expected CTC depends on the company, role, experience, and location.

• CTC expectations vary based on the company's budget and policies.

• Higher roles and more experience typically command higher CTC expectations.

• Location also plays a significant role in determining the expected CTC.

• Research industry standards and company reviews to gauge a reasonable CTC expectation.

Shared memory is a memory space that multiple processes can access and use to communicate with each other.

• Shared memory allows multiple processes to share data without the need for inter-process communication mechanisms like pipes or sockets.

• It is commonly used in parallel computing to improve performance by allowing processes to share data quickly.

• Shared memory can be implemented using techniques like memory mapping or System V shared memory.

• Example: In a multi-threaded appl...read more

Debugging test code in Python

• Check for syntax errors and typos in the code

• Use print statements to track the flow of the code and identify any issues

• Review the logic of the code to ensure it is correctly implemented

• Utilize debugging tools like pdb or IDE debuggers to step through the code

Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects, functionality, and usability.

• Involves testers executing test cases manually without the use of automation tools

• Requires human intervention to observe and verify the behavior of the software

• Helps in identifying user interface issues, usability problems, and other defects

• Can be time-consuming and prone to human error

• Examples: Exploratory testing, ad-hoc testing, regression testing

A bug is an issue or flaw in a software program that causes it to behave unexpectedly or not as intended.

• A bug can manifest as a crash, error message, incorrect output, or unexpected behavior.

• Bugs can be caused by coding errors, design flaws, or environmental factors.

• Examples of bugs include software freezing, data loss, security vulnerabilities, and performance issues.

A test plan is a document outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of testing activities.

• Defines the objectives and scope of testing

• Outlines the test strategy and approach

• Specifies the resources and schedule for testing

• Includes test cases, test scenarios, and test data

• Identifies risks and mitigation strategies

I used the Selenium framework for automated testing.

• Selenium is an open-source framework for web application testing

• It supports multiple programming languages such as Java, Python, and C#

• It provides a range of tools for testing, including Selenium WebDriver and Selenium IDE

• It allows for automated testing of web applications across multiple browsers and platforms

• Example: Used Selenium WebDriver with Java to test a web application's login functionality

Code to reverse a word

• Create an empty string to store the reversed word

• Loop through the characters of the original word from the end to the beginning

• Append each character to the empty string

• Return the reversed word