100+ Project Lead Interview Questions and Answers

Answers to technical questions related to PowerBuilder and SQL

• To build app in one click, use the Build menu and select the appropriate option

• To read data from web page, use the Web DataWindow control

• PDF tools like iTextSharp can be used to manipulate PDF files

• To save data from datawindow to XML, use the SaveAsXML method

• To read mail from Outlook, use the Outlook Object Model

• To migrate to new version .NET, use the Migration Assistant tool

• For performance tuning in store procedur...read more

Interview questions for Project Lead position covering API testing, HTTP error codes, performance testing, Java, authentication, Swagger, AWS, and project-related questions.

• API testing involves testing the functionality, reliability, performance, and security of APIs.

• HTTP error codes are status codes returned by a server to indicate the status of a request.

• APIs can be tested using tools like Postman, SoapUI, and JMeter.

• Types of APIs include REST, SOAP, and GraphQL.

• Java and OO...read more

It depends on various factors such as market demand, competition, pricing, marketing strategy, etc.

• Market research can provide an estimate of potential sales

• Competitive analysis can help in understanding the market share

• Pricing strategy can impact the sales volume

• Marketing efforts can influence the sales

• Sales forecast can be made based on historical data and trends

I handle requests outside scope by evaluating impact, discussing with stakeholders, and proposing solutions.

• Evaluate the impact of the request on the project timeline and budget

• Discuss the request with stakeholders to understand their needs and expectations

• Propose solutions that balance the request with the project's goals and constraints

• Document the decision-making process and communicate it to the team

• Ensure that any changes to scope are approved and documented

If connection drops during insertion of 80k records into DB, the insertion process will be interrupted.

• The insertion process will be interrupted and will need to be restarted once the connection is re-established.

• The partially inserted records may need to be cleaned up before restarting the insertion process.

• It is important to have a backup plan in case of such interruptions, such as implementing a retry mechanism or using a transactional approach.

A class not exception refers to a class that does not inherit from the Exception class, while a no definition class refers to a class that has not been defined or declared.

• A class not exception does not have the built-in exception handling capabilities provided by the Exception class.

• A no definition class means that the class has not been defined or declared in the code.

• An example of a class not exception could be a custom class created for data manipulation, which does not n...read more

JSP tag libraries are collections of custom tags that provide reusable components for JSP pages.

• JSTL (JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library) - provides tags for common tasks like iteration, conditionals, and formatting

• Apache Struts - provides tags for form handling and validation

• Spring MVC - provides tags for form binding and validation

• Custom tag libraries - developers can create their own custom tags for specific functionality

Securing an application involves implementing various security measures to protect it from hackers.

• Implement strong authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication

• Regularly update software and patches to fix vulnerabilities

• Use encryption to protect data both in transit and at rest

• Implement firewalls and intrusion detection/prevention systems

• Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing

• Train employees on security best practices to prevent social enginee...read more

Sealed classes and partial classes are used in C# for different purposes such as restricting inheritance and organizing code.

• Sealed classes are used to restrict inheritance, meaning they cannot be inherited by other classes. This is useful when you want to prevent further derivation of a class.

• Partial classes are used to split the definition of a class into multiple files. This is helpful for organizing large classes or separating auto-generated code from custom code.

• Sealed c...read more

Clustered index physically reorders the data in the table while non-clustered index does not.

• Clustered index determines the physical order of data in the table, while non-clustered index does not.

• A table can have only one clustered index, but multiple non-clustered indexes.

• Clustered index is faster for retrieval of data, but slower for insert and update operations compared to non-clustered index.

• Example: Primary key in a table is usually implemented as a clustered index, whil...read more

JMS stands for Java Message Service. Queues are point-to-point messaging while topics are publish-subscribe messaging.

• JMS is a messaging standard for Java applications

• Queues are used for point-to-point messaging where a single message is delivered to a single consumer

• Topics are used for publish-subscribe messaging where a single message is delivered to multiple subscribers

• Queues guarantee message delivery while topics do not

• Example: A queue can be used for sending order confi...read more

We are using the MVC design pattern in our current project.

• We are following the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern.

• The model represents the data and business logic, the view displays the data, and the controller handles user input.

• We are also using the Singleton pattern for our database connection.

• Additionally, we are implementing the Observer pattern for real-time updates to the UI.

Our value add to the client includes streamlined project management, innovative solutions, and cost-effective strategies.

• Streamlined project management to ensure timely delivery

• Innovative solutions to address complex challenges

• Cost-effective strategies to optimize project budget

• Regular communication and updates to keep the client informed

• Customized solutions tailored to meet the client's specific needs

8D report is a structured problem-solving methodology used to address customer complaints and quality issues.

• 8D report stands for 8 disciplines, each representing a step in the problem-solving process

• Customers expect a thorough and detailed 8D report to demonstrate understanding and resolution of their concerns

• Examples of 8D report contents include problem description, root cause analysis, corrective actions, and verification of effectiveness

Our services offer personalized human touch and expertise that AI tools cannot replicate.

• Our services provide a personalized approach tailored to individual needs, while AI tools offer a more generalized solution.

• We offer human expertise and emotional intelligence that AI tools lack.

• Our services can adapt and evolve based on real-time feedback and human interaction, whereas AI tools are limited by their programming.

• We prioritize building relationships and trust with our clien...read more

Custom middleware in .Net Core is required when we need to add additional processing logic to the request pipeline.

• Custom authentication

• Request logging

• Error handling

• Response compression

jcd is not a commonly used term. Business logic is written using programming languages and frameworks.

• jcd is not a widely known term in the software development industry

• Business logic is the programming code that defines the rules and processes of a software application

• It is typically written using programming languages such as Java, Python, or C#

• Frameworks such as Spring or Django can also be used to write business logic

• Business logic is responsible for processing data and m...read more

Yes, I am familiar with SQL queries and know how to write left & right inner joins in Postgres.

• To write a left join in Postgres, use the 'LEFT JOIN' clause to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• To write a right join in Postgres, use the 'RIGHT JOIN' clause to return all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table.

• Use the 'ON' keyword to specify the join condition in both left and right joins.

• Example: SELECT * FRO...read more

I am willing to consider joining if there are opportunities for growth and development.

• Consider the long-term benefits and growth opportunities within the company

• Negotiate for potential salary increases or bonuses based on performance

• Evaluate the overall benefits package and work-life balance offered by the company

Status can be updated in payment gateway integration by sending a request to the gateway API with the updated status.

• Send a request to the payment gateway API with the updated status information

• Include the transaction ID or reference number in the request to specify which transaction's status needs to be updated

• Handle the response from the gateway API to confirm the status update was successful

Yes, Spring Security is a powerful and customizable authentication and access control framework for Java applications.

• Spring Security provides comprehensive security services for Java EE-based enterprise software applications.

• It can be implemented by adding the Spring Security dependencies to the project's build file, configuring security settings in XML or Java configuration, and creating custom authentication providers.

• For example, you can secure a REST API by configuring H...read more

Yes, Agile methodology is a project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction.

• Agile is iterative and incremental

• It values individuals and interactions over processes and tools

• It emphasizes working software over comprehensive documentation

• It welcomes changes in requirements

• Examples include Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming

Building rapport with clients requires active listening, empathy, and clear communication.

• Listen actively to their needs and concerns

• Show empathy by acknowledging their feelings and perspectives

• Communicate clearly and transparently about expectations and progress

• Find common ground and shared interests to establish a connection

• Be respectful and professional in all interactions

Jenkins achieves continuous integration through automated builds, tests, and deployments.

• Jenkins automatically builds and tests code changes as they are committed to the repository.

• It integrates with various tools and plugins to automate the entire software development process.

• Jenkins can be configured to trigger builds and tests based on specific events, such as code commits or pull requests.

• It provides real-time feedback on build and test results, allowing developers to qui...read more

The number of tyres purchased by Maruti from its vendors can be estimated based on the production volume and average number of tyres per car.

• Estimate the total number of cars produced by Maruti in a year

• Determine the average number of tyres used per car

• Multiply the two values to get an estimate of the total number of tyres purchased from vendors

• Consider any fluctuations in production volume or changes in tyre suppliers

Technology is rapidly changing our lives by improving communication, efficiency, and convenience.

• Communication has been revolutionized with the rise of smartphones and social media platforms.

• Automation and artificial intelligence are increasing efficiency in various industries.

• Convenience is enhanced through services like online shopping, streaming platforms, and smart home devices.

I have driven approximately 50,000 kms in Tata vehicles.

• I have extensive experience driving Tata vehicles.

• I have driven various models of Tata cars and trucks.

• I have driven in both urban and rural areas, covering long distances.

• I have maintained a good track record of safe driving in Tata vehicles.

I will use a combination of manual and automated testing strategies to ensure comprehensive testing.

• Developing test cases based on requirements and user stories

• Performing functional, regression, and integration testing

• Using tools like Selenium and JMeter for automated testing

• Performing exploratory testing to uncover defects

• Collaborating with developers to ensure timely defect resolution

To talk more on topics related to field, stay updated with latest trends, attend conferences, read industry publications, and network with peers.

• Stay updated with latest trends and advancements in the field

• Attend conferences and seminars to learn from experts

• Read industry publications and research papers to gain knowledge

• Network with peers and colleagues to discuss industry topics

• Join online forums and discussion groups to stay connected with the community

Regression report can be generated using tools like JMeter, Selenium, or custom scripts.

• Identify the test cases to be included in the report

• Execute the test cases and collect the results

• Analyze the results and identify the regression issues

• Generate a report with details on the regression issues and their severity

• Include graphs and charts to visualize the data

• Automate the report generation process for future use

The triple constraints of my projects are time, cost, and scope.

• Time: The project must be completed within a specific timeframe.

• Cost: The project must be completed within a specific budget.

• Scope: The project must meet the specific requirements and objectives.

• Changes to one constraint may affect the others.

• Example: If the scope of the project is increased, the time and cost may also increase.

Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed.

• Machine learning is like teaching a computer to recognize patterns and make decisions based on data.

• It involves algorithms that analyze data, identify patterns, and make predictions or decisions.

• Examples include recommendation systems like Netflix suggesting movies based on your viewing history, or self-driving cars learning to n...read more

I have 5 years of experience in testing.

• I have worked on various testing methodologies such as manual, automation, and performance testing.

• I have experience in testing web applications, mobile applications, and desktop applications.

• I have worked with different testing tools such as Selenium, JMeter, and Appium.

• I have experience in creating test plans, test cases, and test scripts.

• I have worked in both Agile and Waterfall methodologies.

Use aria-hidden attribute or visually hidden CSS to hide content from screen readers

• Use aria-hidden='true' attribute on the element you want to hide from screen readers

• Apply visually hidden CSS class to the element to hide it from screen readers but keep it visible on the screen

• Avoid using display: none or visibility: hidden as they will hide the content from both screen readers and visual users

I manage the risk plan by identifying potential risks, assessing their impact and likelihood, developing mitigation strategies, and regularly monitoring and updating the plan.

• Identify potential risks by conducting risk assessments and brainstorming sessions

• Assess the impact and likelihood of each risk to prioritize them

• Develop mitigation strategies to address high-priority risks

• Regularly monitor and update the risk plan throughout the project

• Communicate the risk plan to stake...read more

Overloading is a feature in programming that allows a function to have multiple definitions with different parameters.

• Overloading is used to provide different implementations of a function based on the number, type, or order of parameters.

• It helps in writing cleaner and more readable code.

• Examples of overloading include the '+' operator in C++ which can be used for addition of integers, floating-point numbers, and strings.

• Another example is the 'print' function in Python whic...read more

Polymorphisms are variations in DNA sequence that occur within a population.

• Polymorphisms can be single nucleotide changes or larger structural variations.

• They can be neutral or have functional consequences.

• Examples include SNPs, insertions, deletions, and copy number variations.

• Polymorphisms can be used as genetic markers for disease susceptibility or ancestry.

• They can also affect drug metabolism and response.

To create an interface, you need to design the layout, choose the appropriate controls, and write the code to connect them.

• Determine the purpose and functionality of the interface

• Choose the appropriate layout and design elements

• Select the appropriate controls and widgets

• Write the code to connect the controls to the underlying data or functionality

• Test and refine the interface based on user feedback

Various methodologies such as Agile, Waterfall, and Scrum are used to work on projects.

• Agile methodology focuses on flexibility and adaptability to changes throughout the project.

• Waterfall methodology follows a linear sequential flow, with each phase dependent on the deliverables of the previous one.

• Scrum methodology involves iterative development cycles called sprints, with regular meetings and feedback sessions.

Heat run test on a transformer is conducted to ensure its proper functioning under load conditions.

• Ensure the transformer is properly connected to the load.

• Gradually increase the load on the transformer while monitoring temperature rise.

• Measure the temperature at regular intervals to ensure it stays within acceptable limits.

• Monitor the transformer for any abnormal noises or vibrations during the test.

• Record the test results for future reference and analysis.

Audit quality refers to the accuracy, completeness, and reliability of audit processes and reports.

• Types of audits include financial audits, operational audits, compliance audits, and forensic audits.

• Audit quality is ensured through proper planning, supervision, review, and documentation.

• Auditors must adhere to professional standards and ethical guidelines to maintain audit quality.

• Examples of audit quality indicators include the qualifications of the audit team, the adequacy...read more

Performance, cross-platform compatibility, and modern development features.

• Improved performance compared to .NET Framework

• Cross-platform compatibility allows for deployment on different operating systems

• Modern development features like side-by-side versioning and improved container support

• Support for microservices architecture and cloud-native applications

• Regular updates and enhancements from Microsoft

There are approximately 10 million cars in Delhi city.

• Delhi has a population of over 18 million people

• Car ownership is increasing rapidly in India

• Traffic congestion is a major issue in Delhi

• Government is promoting public transportation to reduce car usage

R squared measures the proportion of variance explained by the independent variables, while adjusted R squared adjusts for the number of predictors in the model.

• R squared is the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variables.

• Adjusted R squared penalizes the addition of unnecessary predictors in the model, providing a more accurate measure of the model's goodness of fit.

• R squared can increase even with the addition of irrele...read more

Spark uses various optimization techniques like predicate pushdown, column pruning, and shuffle optimization.

• Predicate pushdown: Filters are pushed down to the data source to reduce the amount of data to be processed.

• Column pruning: Only necessary columns are selected to minimize data transfer and processing.

• Shuffle optimization: Minimizing data shuffling during joins and aggregations to improve performance.

Yes, I have worked on Agile projects.

• I have experience working in Agile teams using Scrum and Kanban methodologies.

• I have participated in daily stand-up meetings, sprint planning, and retrospectives.

• I have collaborated closely with cross-functional teams to deliver high-quality products efficiently.

Some common macros used in CICS include EXEC CICS, DFHCOMMAREA, DFHRESP, and DFHVALUE.

• EXEC CICS is used to issue CICS commands within a COBOL program

• DFHCOMMAREA is used to pass data between programs

• DFHRESP is used to handle program responses

• DFHVALUE is used to define symbolic values