50+ Elderberry Tech Interview Questions and Answers

Questions related to Scrum methodology and agile practices.

• Scrum ceremonies include daily stand-up, sprint planning, sprint review, and sprint retrospective.

• Verification and validation (V&V) should be included in sprint planning.

• Scrum and Kanban differ in terms of roles, ceremonies, and visualization techniques.

• Scrum planning estimation techniques include planning poker, t-shirt sizing, and affinity mapping.

• Product backlog contains all the user stories while sprint backlog co...read more

Questions on Spring Boot, Lambda expressions, and performance issues in cloud computing

• Spring Boot annotations and profiling

• Lambda expressions in Java 8

• Performance issues in cloud computing and where to start looking

• Triggering a schedule based on metrics

• Comparing cost of EC2 and Lambda

• When to choose Lambda

Developed a marketing campaign with limited budget

• Conducted market research to identify target audience and their preferences

• Utilized social media platforms to reach a wider audience

• Collaborated with local businesses to cross-promote the campaign

• Created visually appealing content in-house to save on outsourcing costs

• Measured success through analytics and adjusted strategy accordingly

display none hides the element completely, visibility hidden hides the element but still takes up space, opacity 0 makes the element transparent.

• display none removes the element from the layout

• visibility hidden hides the element but it still occupies space

• opacity 0 makes the element transparent but still occupies space

• Example: display: none; visibility: hidden; opacity: 0;

Microservices are small, independent services that work together to form a larger application. Communication between services is typically done through APIs.

• Microservices are designed to be modular and scalable

• Each service has its own database and can be developed and deployed independently

• Communication between services can be synchronous or asynchronous

• APIs are commonly used to facilitate communication between services

• Service discovery and load balancing are important consid...read more

Legacy environment can be migrated to Cloud or virtualisation by following a few steps.

• Assess the current environment and identify the applications and data that need to be migrated

• Choose the appropriate Cloud or virtualisation platform based on the requirements

• Create a migration plan and test it thoroughly before executing it

• Migrate the applications and data in phases to minimize downtime and ensure smooth transition

• Monitor and optimize the new environment to ensure optimal ...read more

I will use remote collaboration tools and effective communication to ensure project delivery.

• Utilize video conferencing and screen sharing to facilitate remote meetings

• Use project management software to track progress and assign tasks

• Maintain open and frequent communication with team members and stakeholders

• Establish clear expectations and deadlines for deliverables

• Leverage cloud-based storage and file sharing for easy access to project documents

• Ensure all team members have n...read more

ArrayList is a dynamic array in Java with O(1) time complexity for adding elements at the end and O(n) for removing elements.

• ArrayList internally uses an array to store elements.

• Adding an element at the end has O(1) time complexity on average.

• Removing an element has O(n) time complexity as all elements after the removed element need to be shifted.

• Inserting or removing elements in the middle requires shifting elements and has O(n) time complexity.

Event delegation in JavaScript is a technique where a single event listener is attached to a parent element to handle events for multiple child elements.

• Event delegation helps improve performance by reducing the number of event listeners.

• It is useful for dynamically created elements or elements with similar behavior.

• Event delegation works by utilizing event bubbling, where events on child elements bubble up to the parent element.

Solid design principles and design patterns used in project

• Solid design principles include SOLID (Single Responsibility, Open-Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, Dependency Inversion), DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself), and KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid)

• Design patterns used in projects can include Factory, Singleton, Observer, Strategy, Decorator, and many others

• Design patterns help in creating reusable, maintainable, and scalable code

• For example, in a project, the F...read more

Polyfill for JavaScript method 'filter'

• Create a function called 'filter' that takes a callback function as an argument

• Loop through the array and apply the callback function to each element

• If the callback function returns true, add the element to a new array and return it

Code optimization techniques in C++ improve efficiency and performance of the code.

• Use of appropriate data structures and algorithms

• Avoid unnecessary copying of objects

• Inline functions for small, frequently called functions

• Use of const and constexpr where applicable

• Optimizing loops for better performance

As an Associate Consultant, I capture performance metrics such as productivity, quality, and customer satisfaction.

• Productivity metrics include the number of tasks completed within a given time frame

• Quality metrics include the number of errors or defects found in the work

• Customer satisfaction metrics include feedback from clients on the services provided

• Other metrics may include revenue generated, cost savings, and employee engagement

• Regular reporting and analysis of these me...read more

The plugin that should be added first depends on the specific use case and requirements of the project.

• Consider the purpose of the plugin and how it fits into the overall workflow

• Evaluate any dependencies or prerequisites for each plugin

• Test and iterate to determine the optimal order for plugin implementation

Features of .Net core including Startup class, Configure & configure services method, Middleware, Dependency injection, Service lifetime, and Solid Principle.

• Startup class is used to configure the application and its services

• Configure method is used to configure the HTTP request pipeline

• ConfigureServices method is used to configure the services that the application will use

• Middleware is software that sits between the application and the server and handles requests and respons...read more

HTTP response codes indicate the status of a request made to a server.

• 200 - OK: Request was successful

• 404 - Not Found: Requested resource not found

• 500 - Internal Server Error: Server encountered an error

• 301 - Moved Permanently: Resource has been moved to a different URL

Abstract class can have implementation for some methods while interface cannot. Class can implement multiple interfaces but only inherit from one abstract class.

• Abstract class can have method implementations while interface cannot.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.

• Interfaces are used to define a contract for classes to implement, while abstract classes are used to provide a common base for subclasses.

Our organization follows Scrum framework for Agile process.

• We have a Product Owner who prioritizes the backlog

• Sprint planning meetings are held to decide on sprint goals and tasks

• Daily stand-up meetings are conducted to discuss progress and issues

• Sprint review meetings are held to demonstrate completed work

• Retrospective meetings are held to discuss what went well and what needs improvement

• We use tools like Jira and Trello to manage our Agile process

OSPF is a routing protocol that uses link-state algorithm to determine the best path based on cost.

• OSPF routers exchange link-state advertisements (LSAs) to build a topological database of the network.

• Each router calculates the shortest path tree to all destinations using Dijkstra's algorithm.

• The best path is chosen based on the lowest cost, which is determined by the bandwidth of the link.

• OSPF supports multiple paths to the same destination, allowing for load balancing.

• Admin...read more

Threads are used for lightweight processes within a single process, while processes are used for independent execution of tasks.

• Threads are used for multitasking within a single process, sharing memory space and resources.

• Processes are used for independent execution of tasks, each having its own memory space and resources.

• Threads are faster to create and switch between, while processes have more overhead.

• Threads are suitable for tasks that require frequent communication and d...read more

To debug a plugin, use the Plugin Registration Tool and Visual Studio Debugger.

• Use the Plugin Registration Tool to enable tracing and view logs.

• Use the Visual Studio Debugger to step through code and identify errors.

• Check the event log for any errors or exceptions.

• Use the XrmToolBox to analyze and troubleshoot plugins.

• For business process flows, use the Process Debugger in the Power Platform.

• Enable tracing and view logs to identify errors in the business process flow.

• Use the ...read more

Item category, pricing procedure, and schedule line category are determined based on various factors such as material type, sales organization, and customer group.

• Item category is determined based on material type and item usage (e.g. finished goods, raw materials)

• Pricing procedure is determined based on sales organization, distribution channel, and division

• Schedule line category is determined based on item category, shipping point, and delivery priority

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems on the internet.

• BGP is used to make routing decisions based on network policies, rules, and attributes.

• BGP attributes include AS_PATH, NEXT_HOP, LOCAL_PREF, and MED.

• AS_PATH attribute shows the path the route has taken through different autonomous systems.

• NEXT_HOP attribute specifies the next router to reach a particular destination.

• LOCAL_PREF attribute...read more

ArrayList is a resizable array while Linked List is a collection of nodes linked by pointers.

• ArrayList is faster for accessing elements by index, but slower for inserting or deleting elements.

• Linked List is slower for accessing elements by index, but faster for inserting or deleting elements.

• ArrayList uses contiguous memory while Linked List uses non-contiguous memory.

• Example: ArrayList can be used for implementing a stack while Linked List can be used for implementing a queu...read more

Item category determination is the process of assigning a specific category to a product or item based on certain criteria.

• It involves analyzing the characteristics and attributes of the item to determine the most appropriate category.

• The category assigned can impact pricing, marketing, and distribution strategies.

• Examples include categorizing clothing items by type (e.g. shirts, pants, dresses) or electronic devices by function (e.g. smartphones, laptops, tablets).

DevOps process involves continuous integration, delivery, and deployment of software.

• Developers and operations teams work together to automate the software delivery process

• Continuous integration ensures that code changes are frequently tested and integrated into the main codebase

• Continuous delivery ensures that the software is always in a releasable state

• Continuous deployment automates the release of software to production

• Tools like Jenkins, Git, Docker, and Kubernetes are co...read more

Using the select class to create a drop down menu

• Create a select element in HTML with the class 'select'

• Add option elements within the select element for the dropdown items

• Use CSS to style the select element as a dropdown menu

Utilized multithreading to improve performance and efficiency by allowing multiple threads to run concurrently.

• Implemented multithreading in project A to handle multiple user requests simultaneously.

• Utilized multithreading in project B to improve processing speed for large datasets.

• Used multithreading in project C to enhance responsiveness of the user interface.

Currying is a technique in JavaScript where a function with multiple arguments is transformed into a sequence of functions, each taking a single argument.

• Currying allows you to create reusable functions with partial application of arguments.

• It helps in creating more flexible and composable functions.

• Example: const add = (a) => (b) => a + b; const add5 = add(5); console.log(add5(3)); // Output: 8

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol, VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network, and VTP stands for VLAN Trunking Protocol.

• STP is a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology in Ethernet networks.

• VLAN is a method of segmenting a physical network into multiple virtual networks for better traffic management and security.

• VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol that manages the addition, deletion, and renaming of VLANs across a network.

• STP example: Prevents network loops by...read more

R12.2 ADOP cycle has four phases: prepare, apply, finalize, and cutover.

• Prepare phase involves creating a new patch edition and preparing the file system for patching.

• Apply phase applies the patch to the file system and database.

• Finalize phase completes the patching process and performs post-patching tasks.

• Cutover phase switches the users to the new edition and makes it the active edition.

• Example: adop phase=prepare

• Example: adop phase=apply

• Example: adop phase=finalize

• Example:...read more

Consuming web APIs can be done using various methods such as HTTP requests, SDKs, or libraries.

• Use HTTP requests like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE to interact with the API

• Utilize SDKs provided by the API provider for easier integration

• Use libraries like Axios, Fetch, or Retrofit to handle API requests in code

Shadow DOM is a way to encapsulate the styling and structure of a web component, preventing styles from leaking out and clashing with the rest of the page.

• Shadow DOM allows for creating self-contained components with their own DOM tree and styling.

• It helps in preventing styles from the main document affecting the component and vice versa.

• Shadow DOM can be created using the 'attachShadow' method in JavaScript.

• It is commonly used in web development to create reusable and encaps...read more

Merge conflicts can be handled by resolving conflicts manually or using tools like Git merge or rebase.

• Communicate with team members to understand changes made by each party

• Use version control tools like Git merge or rebase to resolve conflicts

• Manually resolve conflicts by editing the conflicting files

• Test the merged code to ensure functionality is not affected

Java 8 introduced new features like lambda expressions, streams, and default methods.

• Lambda expressions allow functional programming and simplify code.

• Streams provide a concise way to process collections.

• Default methods allow interfaces to have implementation.

• Date and Time API provides a better way to handle date and time.

• Nashorn JavaScript engine allows Java to interact with JavaScript code.

• Parallel operations can be performed on collections using parallel streams.

• Type annot...read more

A cursor in SQL is a database object that allows for the retrieval and manipulation of data from a result set.

• A cursor is used to traverse through the rows of a result set one by one.

• It provides a way to perform operations on each row individually.

• Cursors are commonly used in stored procedures, triggers, and functions.

• They can be declared, opened, fetched, and closed.

• Example: DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM table_name;

• Example: OPEN cursor_name; FETCH NEXT FROM cu...read more

Automation framework is a set of guidelines, best practices, and tools used for automated testing of software applications.

• Automation framework provides structure and organization to automated tests

• It includes components like test scripts, libraries, and test data

• Frameworks can be data-driven, keyword-driven, or hybrid

• Examples of automation frameworks include Selenium, TestNG, and Robot Framework

Challenges in automation projects include tool selection, script maintenance, and handling dynamic elements.

• Choosing the right automation tool for the project requirements

• Ensuring scripts are maintained and updated regularly to keep up with application changes

• Dealing with dynamic elements that may change in the application interface

Ref is a way to access the DOM nodes or React elements created in the render method.

• Ref is short for reference.

• It is used to access the properties and methods of a DOM node or React element.

• It is commonly used to manage focus, text selection, or media playback.

• Refs can be created using the useRef hook or the createRef method.

• Example:

• Example: const inputRef = useRef(null);

Compute services in cloud refer to the ability to provision and manage virtual machines and containers on demand.

• Compute services allow users to quickly spin up virtual machines or containers to run their applications.

• These services can be scaled up or down based on demand, allowing for efficient resource utilization.

• Examples of compute services include Amazon EC2, Google Compute Engine, and Microsoft Azure Virtual Machines.

Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate in a timely manner.

• Synchronization ensures that multiple processes or threads do not interfere with each other when accessing shared resources.

• It can be achieved using techniques like locks, semaphores, and barriers.

• For example, in a multi-threaded program, synchronization is used to ensure that threads access shared data in a safe and orderly manner.

Push down optimization in Informatica is a technique used to improve performance by pushing processing tasks to the source or target database.

• Push down optimization reduces the amount of data transferred between Informatica and the database

• It can improve performance by leveraging the processing power of the database

• Examples include using SQL queries in Source Qualifier transformations to push filtering and aggregation operations to the database

I have worked on developing and enhancing various software applications for clients in different industries.

• Developed new features based on client requirements

• Enhanced existing functionalities to improve user experience

• Collaborated with team members to troubleshoot and resolve issues

• Utilized agile methodologies for efficient project management

Special procurement process involves purchasing goods or services that require unique handling or approval.

• Special procurement can include items like capital equipment, services from a specific vendor, or items with restricted access.

• It may involve additional documentation, approvals, or negotiations compared to regular procurement processes.

• Examples include purchasing specialized medical equipment, securing rare materials for research projects, or acquiring services from a s...read more

Merge combines changes from different branches, while rebase moves the entire branch onto another branch.

• Merge creates a new commit that combines the changes from two or more branches.

• Rebase moves the entire branch onto another branch, replaying each commit on top of the new base branch.

• Merge preserves the commit history of both branches, while rebase creates a linear commit history.

• Merge is useful for combining independent branches, while rebase is useful for integrating cha...read more

Hash Map is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to retrieve values quickly.

• Hash Map uses an array to store the key-value pairs

• The key is hashed to generate an index in the array

• If two keys hash to the same index, a collision occurs

• To handle collisions, Hash Map uses a linked list at each index

• To retrieve a value, the key is hashed to find the index and then the linked list is traversed to find the value

EIGRP metric is a formula used by EIGRP routing protocol to calculate the best path to a destination network.

• EIGRP metric is based on bandwidth and delay of the path to the destination.

• The formula for EIGRP metric is: metric = [K1 * bandwidth + (K2 * bandwidth) / (256 - load) + K3 * delay] * [K5 / (reliability + K4)]

• The default values for K1-K5 are 1, 0, 1, 0, and 0 respectively.

Garbage collection in Java is the process of automatically managing memory by deallocating objects that are no longer needed.

• Garbage collection is performed by the JVM to reclaim memory occupied by objects that are no longer referenced.

• It helps in preventing memory leaks and improving performance by freeing up memory.

• Java provides automatic garbage collection, so developers do not have to manually deallocate memory.

• Examples of garbage collection algorithms in Java include Mar...read more

Selenium is a popular open-source automation testing tool used for web application testing.

• Selenium is used to automate browser activities such as clicking buttons, filling forms, and navigating through pages.

• It supports multiple programming languages like Java, C#, Python, etc.

• Selenium can run tests on different browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.

• It provides various features like capturing screenshots, handling pop-ups, and validating web elements.

• Selenium WebDriver ...read more

The architecture refers to the overall design and structure of a system or application.

• Architecture includes components, relationships, and interactions.

• It defines how the system will be organized and how the components will communicate.

• Examples of architecture styles include client-server, microservices, and monolithic.

• Architectural patterns like MVC, MVVM, and layered architecture help in designing systems.

• Architectural decisions impact scalability, performance, and maintai...read more

The tool is designed to provide specific functionality to users for a particular purpose.

• The tool should have a user-friendly interface for easy navigation.

• It should have the ability to perform tasks efficiently and accurately.

• The tool may include features such as data analysis, reporting, and automation.

• Examples of functionality could include project management, customer relationship management, or data visualization.

The latest version of Selenium is Selenium 4.

• Selenium 4 is the latest version of the Selenium automation testing framework.

• It was released in December 2018.

• Selenium 4 comes with several new features and improvements, including better support for mobile testing, enhanced WebDriver APIs, and improved performance.

• One of the key features of Selenium 4 is the introduction of the Selenium Grid 4, which allows for parallel execution of tests across multiple machines and browsers.

• Sel...read more

SAP security design concept involves implementing security measures to protect SAP systems and data from unauthorized access.

• SAP security design concept includes authentication, authorization, and encryption.

• Authentication ensures that only authorized users can access the system.

• Authorization defines the level of access granted to each user.

• Encryption protects data from unauthorized access by encrypting it during transmission and storage.

• Examples of SAP security design measur...read more

Memory management in Java involves automatic memory allocation and garbage collection.

• Java uses automatic memory management through garbage collection to allocate and deallocate memory.

• Garbage collection in Java helps in reclaiming memory occupied by objects that are no longer in use.

• Java provides the 'finalize()' method to perform cleanup operations before an object is garbage collected.

FSMO roles are specialized domain controller roles in Active Directory that handle specific tasks.

• There are 5 FSMO roles: Schema Master, Domain Naming Master, RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Master.

• Schema Master - Manages changes to the schema.

• Domain Naming Master - Controls the addition or removal of domains in the forest.

• RID Master - Allocates unique relative identifiers (RID) to each domain controller.

• PDC Emulator - Handles backward compatibility for older sys...read more

PKI architecture involves components like certificate authority, registration authority, and digital certificates.

• PKI includes a certificate authority (CA) responsible for issuing and managing digital certificates.

• There is also a registration authority (RA) that verifies the identity of certificate holders before issuing certificates.

• Digital certificates contain public keys, identity information, and digital signatures.

• PKI architecture also involves key management, certificat...read more

Seeking new challenges and growth opportunities in a different environment.

• Desire for professional growth

• Interest in exploring new industries or sectors

• Seeking a change in work culture or environment

SAP tables store data in a structured format for various modules like finance, HR, sales, etc.

• SAP tables are used to store data in a structured format for different modules within SAP system.

• Each table is designed to store specific types of data related to a particular module or function.

• Tables are linked together through relationships to provide a comprehensive view of the data.

• Examples of SAP tables include MARA (Material Master), VBAK (Sales Document Header), and PA0001 (H...read more