Spyne Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Computer Fundamentals

Q1. Flatten a binary tree
Ans. 
Flatten a binary tree by converting it into a linked list in-place.
• Use a recursive approach to flatten the binary tree.

• Traverse the tree in a pre-order manner and keep track of the previous node.

• Set the left child of each node to null and the right child to the next node in the linked list.

• Example: Input: 1 -> 2 -> 5 -> 3 -> 4 -> null, Output: 1 -> null -> 2 -> null -> 3 -> null -> 4 -> null -> 5 -> null
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Q1. What is a multithreaded environment, and how would you develop an application that can run in that environment without any issues?
Ans. 
A multithreaded environment allows multiple threads to execute concurrently, improving application performance and responsiveness.
• Thread Management: Use thread pools to manage threads efficiently, reducing overhead from frequent thread creation and destruction.

• Synchronization: Implement synchronization mechanisms (like mutexes or semaphores) to prevent race conditions when accessing shared resources.

• Concurrency Control...read more
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Q2. What locking mechanisms are used in a multithreaded environment to prevent deadlock in critical sections?
Ans. 
Locking mechanisms in multithreaded environments prevent deadlock by managing access to critical sections effectively.
• Mutexes: A mutual exclusion lock that allows only one thread to access a resource at a time, preventing race conditions.

• Semaphores: A signaling mechanism that controls access to a resource by maintaining a count, allowing multiple threads to access it up to a limit.

• Read/Write Locks: These allow multiple...read more
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Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard

Timing was late evening. Platform was good.

Q1. 
Largest Cycle in Maze Problem Statement
Given a maze represented by 'N' cells numbered from 0 to N-1, and an array arr of 'N' integers where arr[i] denotes the cell number that can be reached from the 'i'...read more
Ans. 
Identify the length of the largest cycle in a maze represented by cells and an array of integers.
• Iterate through each cell and find the cycle length using DFS or Floyd's Tortoise and Hare algorithm.

• Handle self-cycles and cells with no exit by checking arr[i] = i and arr[i] = -1 respectively.

• Output the length of the largest cycle found or -1 if no cycles exist.
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Q2. 
Ninja and the Maze Problem Statement
Ninja is stuck in a maze represented as a 2D grid. He can move in four directions (Up, Down, Left, Right) until he hits a wall ('1'). Once stopped, he can choose a new...read more
Ans. 
Determine if Ninja can reach the destination in a maze by moving in four directions until hitting a wall.
• Create a function to traverse the maze using depth-first search or breadth-first search.

• Keep track of visited cells to avoid infinite loops.

• Return 'True' if destination is reachable, 'False' otherwise.
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Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard

Timing was late evening . Platform was good.

Q1. 
Largest Cycle in Maze Problem Statement
Given a maze represented by 'N' cells numbered from 0 to N-1, and an array arr of 'N' integers where arr[i] denotes the cell number that can be reached from the 'i'...read more
Ans. 
Identify the length of the largest cycle in a maze represented by cells and an array of integers.
• Iterate through each cell and find the cycle length using DFS or Floyd's Tortoise and Hare algorithm.

• Keep track of visited cells to avoid infinite loops.

• Return the length of the largest cycle found or -1 if no cycles exist.
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Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

The coding round was 90 minutes with 2 question and the difficulty was mid-range and both were graph question

Q1. 
Rat in a Maze Problem Statement
You need to determine all possible paths for a rat starting at position (0, 0) in a square maze to reach its destination at (N-1, N-1). The maze is represented as an N*N ma...read more
Ans. 
Find all possible paths for a rat in a maze from start to destination.
• Use backtracking to explore all possible paths in the maze.

• Keep track of visited cells to avoid revisiting them.

• Explore all possible directions (up, down, left, right) from each cell.

• Add the current direction to the path and recursively explore further.

• When reaching the destination, add the path to the list of valid paths.
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3 Graph Questions Were asked of difficulty medium to hard.

Hackathon round which revolved around multithreading

They have their own coding platform. The questions are basically from tree.

Tree of space question

Q1. Previous round question solution
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Q2. System design was asked.
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- simple basic ios questions

Q1. Asked DSA array questions
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