10+ Interview Questions and Answers

Dijkstra's algorithm finds the shortest path in a graph from a starting node to all other nodes.

• Use a priority queue to keep track of the shortest distance to each node

• Initialize distances to all nodes as infinity except the starting node as 0

• Iterate through all nodes and update distances if a shorter path is found

• Repeat until all nodes are visited and shortest paths are calculated

Dry run on a sample test involves mentally executing the code to understand its flow and output.

• Understand the code logic and variables

• Step through each line of code

• Keep track of variable values at each step

• Predict the output based on the code execution

The best time to buy stocks is when the price is low and the best time to sell is when the price is high.

• Buy stocks when the market is down or during a recession to get them at a lower price.

• Sell stocks when the market is up or during a boom to maximize profits.

• Consider factors like company performance, market trends, and economic indicators before buying or selling stocks.

To find the middle of a linked list, use the slow and fast pointer technique.

• Initialize two pointers, slow and fast, both pointing to the head of the linked list.

• Move the slow pointer by one step and the fast pointer by two steps until the fast pointer reaches the end of the list.

• The position of the slow pointer at this point will be the middle of the linked list.

Depth First Search (DFS) pseudo code

• Initialize a stack to keep track of nodes to visit

• Start with the initial node and push it onto the stack

• While the stack is not empty, pop a node from the stack and visit its neighbors

• Push unvisited neighbors onto the stack

• Repeat until all nodes are visited

BFS (Breadth First Search) algorithm pseudo code

• Start by enqueueing the starting node

• While the queue is not empty, dequeue a node and process it

• Enqueue all adjacent nodes that have not been visited yet

• Repeat until all nodes have been visited

C is a general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972.

• C is used for developing operating systems, embedded systems, and system software.

• It is a compiled language and has a low-level memory access.

• C is the predecessor of many modern programming languages like C++, Java, and Python.

A loop is a programming structure that repeats a set of instructions until a certain condition is met.

• Loops are used to iterate over a collection of data or to repeat a set of instructions a certain number of times.

• There are three types of loops in most programming languages: for, while, and do-while.

• Example: for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // do something }

Pointers in C are variables that store the memory address of another variable.

• Pointers are declared using the * symbol.

• They can be used to access and manipulate data stored in memory.

• Pointers can be used to pass values by reference.

• Example: int *ptr; ptr = # *ptr = 10; // num now equals 10

• Arrays in C are also implemented using pointers.

Function overloading is the ability to have multiple functions with the same name but different parameters.

• Functions with the same name but different parameters can be defined in the same scope.

• The compiler determines which function to call based on the number and types of arguments passed.

• Function overloading is commonly used in object-oriented programming languages like C++ and Java.