PTC Senior Software Specialist Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Basics of oops, .net framework and .net core
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Q2. Sql query for student department id
Ans. 
SQL query to retrieve student department id.
• Use SELECT statement to retrieve data

• Specify the columns to be selected, including the department id column

• Specify the table where the student data is stored

• Use WHERE clause to filter the results based on student information
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Q3. Solid principles and design patterns
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Q1. Asked to code palindrome
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Q2. Code duplicate string from main string and get index of sub string
Ans. 
Code to find index of sub string in main string and duplicate the sub string
• Use a loop to iterate through the main string and check for the sub string

• If sub string is found, duplicate it and store the index

• Return the index of the duplicated sub string
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Q1. Manager asked me to code the count index of substring and sum of substring
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Q2. Questions as HR informed, it was worst and all interviews were scheduled at night time.he was more technical than the second round team lead instead of asking manager round
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Some MCQs and 2 Coding Questions to be solved in different languages

Group Discussion to assess candidates thinking and knowledge.

Q1. Graphs based Medium-Hard question with multiple follow ups
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Q2. DP hard question (Knapsack variant)
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Q3. Core C++ and OOPs questions
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Q1. C++ Pointers based questions
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Q2. Find errors and debug questions
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Q3. Math Puzzle based question
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Q4. One open ended design question
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Q1. Normal HR round type questions
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Q1. Find longest palindromic substring in a given string.
Ans. 
Use dynamic programming to find the longest palindromic substring in a given string.
• Iterate through the string and expand around each character to find palindromes.

• Store the length of the longest palindrome found so far.

• Return the substring based on the start and end indices of the longest palindrome.
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Q2. How to serialize and deserialise a tree
Ans. 
To serialize and deserialize a tree, use a recursive approach to traverse the tree and store the data in a suitable format.
• Use pre-order traversal to serialize the tree by storing the node values in a list or string.

• For deserialization, reconstruct the tree by recursively building nodes from the serialized data.

• Consider using JSON or XML format for serialization to easily store and retrieve tree structure.
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Q3. Find if a given regex (containing ., * and lower case english chars) matches a given string.
Ans. 
Use regex library to match given regex with string.
• Use a regex library like re in Python to match the given regex with the string.

• Check if the regex matches the string using the library functions.

• Handle cases where the regex contains special characters like . and * appropriately.
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Q4. Explain about throttling and implement throttle function.
Ans. 
Throttling is a technique used to control the rate of requests sent to a server.
• Throttling helps prevent server overload by limiting the number of requests processed at a time.

• Implementing a throttle function involves setting a maximum request rate and delaying excess requests.

• Example: Implementing a throttle function in a web application to limit the number of API calls made to a third-party service.

• Example: Throttlin...read more
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Q1. Find squares of elements in a sorted array and return the sorted response.
Ans. 
Sort the squares of elements in a sorted array and return the sorted response.
• Iterate through the array and square each element.

• Store the squared values in a new array.

• Sort the new array and return it.
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Q2. Write a short promise example and implement your own promise
Ans. 
A promise is a commitment to do something in the future, typically used for asynchronous operations in JavaScript.
• Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• They represent a value that may be available now, in the future, or never.

• Promises have three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.

• Example: new Promise((resolve, reject) => { setTimeout(() => resolve('Done!'), 1000); });
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Q3. Explain event loop, what are different types of queues in event loop
Ans. 
Event loop is a mechanism that allows for asynchronous execution of code by managing the order of events in a single thread.
• Event loop continuously checks the call stack for any functions that need to be executed, and processes them in a non-blocking manner.

• Different types of queues in event loop include microtask queue (Promise callbacks), macrotask queue (setTimeout, setInterval callbacks), and animation frame queue
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Q4. What is virtual DOM and why its faster
Ans. 
Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM, used to improve performance by minimizing direct manipulation of the real DOM.
• Virtual DOM is a concept used in frameworks like React to optimize rendering performance.

• Changes are first made to the virtual DOM, which is then compared to the real DOM to identify the minimal updates needed.

• This approach reduces the number of actual DOM manipulations, resulting in faster...read more
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Written coding test
Basic coding questions
Only c c++
Easy level

Q1. Bit manipulation
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Q2. Rtos concepts,c coding concepts like structures,pointers
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Q1. About projects more detailly
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Q2. About memory management and layout in c
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Q1. Basic java fundamentals
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Q2. Spring boot,sql
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Q1. Some technical questions from manager
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Q2. Some challenges or scenario based questions
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Q1. Salary discussion mostly
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Q2. Benifts that they offer with TR
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Q1. What is the inheritance?
Ans. 
Inheritance is a mechanism in object-oriented programming where a class inherits properties and behaviors from another class.
• Allows a class to inherit attributes and methods from another class

• Promotes code reusability and reduces redundancy

• Creates a parent-child relationship between classes

• Derived class can override or extend the functionality of the base class
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Q2. What are the types of joins in mysql
Ans. 
Types of joins in MySQL include inner join, left join, right join, and full join.
• Inner join: Returns rows when there is a match in both tables.

• Left join: Returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table.

• Right join: Returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table.

• Full join: Returns rows when there is a match in one of the tables.
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Q1. How to handle multiple api's
Ans. 
Use a centralized API gateway to manage and route requests to multiple APIs efficiently.
• Implement a centralized API gateway to handle incoming requests and route them to the appropriate API based on the endpoint.

• Utilize API management tools like Apigee, Kong, or AWS API Gateway to manage and monitor multiple APIs.

• Consider implementing a caching layer to improve performance and reduce the number of requests to external
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Q2. What does strstr function do?
Ans. 
strstr function searches for a substring within a string and returns a pointer to the first occurrence of the substring.
• Used in C programming language

• Syntax: char *strstr(const char *haystack, const char *needle)

• Example: char *str = strstr("hello world", "world")
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Karat Interview for next filtering the candidate

Q1. Design Snake Game (Nokia based)
Ans. 
Design a classic Snake game based on Nokia phones.
• Use a 2D array to represent the game board.

• Implement logic for snake movement and growth.

• Include collision detection with walls and itself.

• Add food items for the snake to eat and grow.

• Display the game on a grid-based interface.
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Q2. Ballot based voter
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Q1. Linkedlist , array, stack
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Q2. What is big data
Ans. 
Big data refers to large volumes of structured and unstructured data that is too complex for traditional data processing applications.
• Big data involves processing and analyzing large volumes of data to uncover patterns, trends, and insights.

• It can come from various sources such as social media, sensors, devices, and business transactions.

• Examples of big data technologies include Hadoop, Spark, and NoSQL databases.

• Big d...read more
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