10+ MACIL Interview Questions and Answers

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) layer is a conceptual model that describes the communication functions of a telecommunication system.

• Layer 1 (Physical Layer) - Transmits raw data bits over a communication channel.

• Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) - Provides error-free transfer of data frames between nodes over the physical layer.

• Layer 3 (Network Layer) - Provides logical addressing and routing of data packets between nodes on different networks.

• Layer 4 (Transport Layer) - Provides...read more

L2 is data link layer responsible for MAC addressing and error detection, while L3 is network layer responsible for IP addressing and routing.

• L2 operates on MAC addresses while L3 operates on IP addresses

• L2 is responsible for error detection and correction while L3 is responsible for routing

• L2 switches packets within a network while L3 routes packets between networks

• Examples of L2 devices include switches and bridges while examples of L3 devices include routers and layer 3 sw...read more

VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network. It is a logical grouping of devices on a network based on their function, project, or application.

• VLANs allow network administrators to segment a network into smaller, more manageable groups.

• Each VLAN has its own broadcast domain, which means that broadcasts are contained within the VLAN and do not spread to other VLANs.

• VLANs can be configured to span multiple switches, allowing devices in different physical locations to be grouped ...read more

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

• Routers operate at the network layer of the OSI model.

• They use routing tables to determine the best path for data to travel.

• Routers can connect different types of networks, such as LANs and WANs.

• Examples of routers include Cisco, Juniper, and TP-Link.

• Routers can provide security features such as firewalls and VPNs.

Subnetting is the process of dividing a network into smaller subnetworks.

• Subnetting helps in efficient utilization of IP addresses.

• It improves network performance and security.

• Subnetting is done by borrowing bits from the host portion of an IP address.

• CIDR notation is used to represent subnet masks.

• Example: 192.168.1.0/24 represents a network with 256 IP addresses.

A virtual private gateway is a VPN connection that enables communication between your VPC and other networks.

• It allows secure communication between your VPC and remote networks

• It can be used to connect your VPC to on-premises data centers or other VPCs

• It acts as a gateway for traffic to and from your VPC

A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers and devices within a limited area, such as a home, school, or office building.

• LANs are typically used for sharing resources such as printers, files, and internet access.

• They are usually faster and more secure than wide area networks (WANs).

• Examples of LAN technologies include Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.

• LANs can be wired or wireless, and can be set up using a variety of topologies such as bus, ring, or star.

• LA...read more

The question is asking about the stage of OSI model.

• The OSI model has 7 stages or layers.

• Each layer has a specific function and communicates with the adjacent layers.

• The layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• The question is asking which layer a certain function or issue is occurring in.

• For example, if there is a problem with network connectivity, it would be in the Network layer.

Measures are calculations based on aggregated data, while columns are static data columns.

• Measures are dynamic and change based on filters and slicers

• Columns are static and do not change based on filters and slicers

• Measures are used for calculations such as sums, averages, and ratios

• Columns are used for storing data such as names, dates, and numbers

STP and RSTP are network protocols used to prevent loops in Ethernet networks.

• STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol and RSTP stands for Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol.

• STP is slower in converging compared to RSTP.

• RSTP provides faster convergence by using different port roles and states.

• Both protocols are used to prevent loops in Ethernet networks by blocking redundant paths.

• STP and RSTP operate at Layer 2 of the OSI model.