Gen Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

To find a loop in a linked list, we use Floyd's cycle-finding algorithm.

• Floyd's cycle-finding algorithm uses two pointers, one moving at twice the speed of the other.

• If there is a loop in the linked list, the two pointers will eventually meet.

• To detect the meeting point, we reset one of the pointers to the head of the linked list and move both pointers at the same speed.

• The meeting point is the start of the loop.

LRU, MRU and LFU are caching algorithms used to manage memory in computer systems.

• LRU stands for Least Recently Used and removes the least recently used items from the cache when the cache is full.

• MRU stands for Most Recently Used and removes the most recently used items from the cache when the cache is full.

• LFU stands for Least Frequently Used and removes the least frequently used items from the cache when the cache i...read more

The general bootup process involves power-on self-test (POST), loading the BIOS, initializing hardware, loading the operating system, and launching user applications.

• Power-on self-test (POST) checks hardware components for proper functioning

• BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is loaded to initialize hardware and locate the operating system

• Operating system is loaded from the boot device (e.g. hard drive, SSD)

• User applicati...read more

The hardest challenge in my current project was managing conflicting stakeholder expectations.

• Balancing the needs and demands of different stakeholders

• Navigating conflicting priorities and objectives

• Finding compromises and solutions that satisfy all parties

• Communicating effectively to manage expectations

• Example: Dealing with a situation where the marketing team wanted to launch the product quickly, while the developmen...read more

In my current project, I follow Agile software development practices.

• Daily stand-up meetings to discuss progress and roadblocks

• Sprint planning and review meetings

• Continuous integration and deployment

• Use of user stories and acceptance criteria

• Regular retrospectives to improve team performance

A function to reverse a string in JavaScript

• Use the split() method to split the string into an array of characters

• Use the reverse() method to reverse the array

• Use the join() method to join the array back into a string

The fopen, fseek, and other file handling functions in Linux are implemented using various techniques and constraints.

• fopen function is used to open a file and returns a file pointer

• fseek function is used to set the file position indicator

• Other file handling functions like fread, fwrite, fclose, etc. are used for reading, writing, and closing files

• To handle large files, techniques like memory mapping, buffered I/O, and...read more

Converting numbers between different bases involves understanding the positional value of digits.

• Understand the positional value of digits in the original base.

• Divide the number by the new base and keep track of remainders.

• Convert remainders to corresponding digits in the new base.

• Combine the digits to get the final converted number.

Handling if statements in macros requires careful consideration of syntax and logic.

• Use proper syntax and indentation to ensure the if statement is clear and readable.

• Consider using nested if statements or logical operators to handle multiple conditions.

• Test the macro with different input values to ensure the if statement behaves as expected.

Hex representation of -17 is FFFFFFFF

• Convert the decimal number -17 to binary: 17 = 0001 0001

• Take the two's complement of the binary number: 1110 1111

• Convert the two's complement binary number to hex: FFFF

XOR of 0xFE and 0xEF is 0x11.

• XOR operation compares bits of two numbers and returns 1 if they are different, 0 if they are the same.

• 0xFE in binary is 11111110, 0xEF in binary is 11101111.

• Performing XOR operation on 0xFE and 0xEF results in 00010001, which is 0x11 in hexadecimal.

The number of nodes with NULL children in a binary tree with N nodes is N-1.

• In a binary tree, each node can have at most 2 children.

• The number of NULL children for each node is either 0, 1, or 2.

• The total number of NULL children in a binary tree with N nodes is N-1.

One line codes that can cause runtime exceptions

• Dividing by zero: int result = 5 / 0;

• Accessing index out of bounds: int[] arr = new int[3]; int value = arr[3];

• Null pointer exception: String str = null; int length = str.length();