Habibullah Chartered Accountants Interview Questions and Answers

A hydraulic circuit diagram is a schematic representation of a hydraulic system, showing the flow of fluid and the various components involved.

• A hydraulic circuit typically consists of a pump, valves, actuators, and fluid lines.

• The pump is responsible for generating hydraulic pressure by converting mechanical energy into fluid flow.

• Valves control the direction, flow rate, and pressure of the hydraulic fluid.

• Actuators, such as cylinders or motors, convert hydraulic energy into...read more

Heat exchange in hydraulic machines is used to regulate temperature and prevent overheating.

• Heat exchange helps to maintain the temperature of hydraulic fluid within a safe operating range.

• It prevents overheating of the hydraulic system, which can cause damage to the components.

• Heat exchangers can be air-cooled or liquid-cooled, depending on the application.

• Examples of hydraulic machines that use heat exchange include excavators, cranes, and hydraulic presses.

Single acting cylinders have one port for fluid to enter and exit, while double acting cylinders have two ports.

• Single acting cylinders use fluid pressure to extend the piston rod and a spring to retract it.

• Double acting cylinders use fluid pressure to extend and retract the piston rod.

• Single acting cylinders are commonly used in applications where the load is moved in one direction only, such as in dump trucks.

• Double acting cylinders are commonly used in applications where t...read more

Directional valve controls the direction of fluid flow while pressure reducing valve maintains a constant downstream pressure.

• Directional valve is used to control the direction of fluid flow in a hydraulic system.

• Pressure reducing valve is used to maintain a constant downstream pressure in a hydraulic system.

• Directional valve can be either a spool valve or a poppet valve.

• Pressure reducing valve can be either a direct acting or a pilot operated valve.

• Examples of directional va...read more

Turbocharger is used in internal combustion engines to increase power output while centrifugal compressor is used in HVAC systems to increase air pressure.

• Turbocharger is driven by exhaust gases while centrifugal compressor is driven by an electric motor or a gas turbine.

• Turbocharger compresses air before it enters the engine while centrifugal compressor compresses air after it enters the system.

• Turbocharger is used in automobiles, trucks, and aircraft while centrifugal compr...read more

Pressure Relief valve releases excess pressure to prevent damage, while Pressure Reducing valve reduces pressure for downstream use.

• Pressure Relief valve opens when pressure exceeds set limit to prevent damage to equipment

• Pressure Reducing valve reduces pressure for downstream use, maintaining a constant pressure

• Pressure Relief valve is typically used in systems with no downstream pressure requirement

• Pressure Reducing valve is used in systems where downstream pressure needs t...read more

Turbocharger increases the air intake in diesel engine to improve performance.

• Turbocharger uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine which compresses air intake

• Compressed air has more oxygen, allowing more fuel to be burned, increasing power

• Turbocharger can increase engine efficiency and reduce emissions

• Commonly used in diesel trucks, boats, and heavy machinery

Compressor in diesel engine compresses air to increase its pressure and temperature.

• Compressor draws in air from the atmosphere and compresses it before sending it to the engine.

• The compressed air is mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber to create a high-pressure explosion that powers the engine.

• The compressor is driven by the engine's crankshaft through a belt or gear system.

• The compressor also helps to cool the engine by circulating air through the radiator.

• The compress...read more