Nirvana Solutions Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle, which is the process of developing software from planning to deployment. STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle, which is the process of testing software to ensure quality.

• SDLC involves phases like planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance.

• STLC involves phases like test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• SDLC focuses on the ove...read more

Testing types refer to different approaches and techniques used to validate software functionality.

• Functional Testing - testing the functionality of the software

• Non-Functional Testing - testing aspects like performance, usability, etc.

• Manual Testing - testing done manually by testers

• Automated Testing - testing done using automation tools

• Regression Testing - testing to ensure new code changes do not affect existing func...read more

I will prioritize and address critical issues first, communicate with stakeholders, and work with the team to resolve the issues efficiently.

• Prioritize critical issues that could potentially block the release

• Communicate with stakeholders about the issues and potential impact on the release timeline

• Work closely with the development team to quickly identify and resolve the issues

• Perform thorough testing and validation po

Retesting is testing the same functionality again to ensure the defect has been fixed, while regression testing is testing the entire application to ensure new changes have not affected existing functionality.

• Retesting focuses on verifying that a specific defect has been fixed.

• Regression testing focuses on ensuring that new changes have not affected existing functionality.

• Retesting is usually done by the QA analyst who...read more

Challenges for QA lead include managing resources, prioritizing tasks, communication with stakeholders, and ensuring thorough testing.

• Managing resources effectively to meet deadlines

• Prioritizing tasks based on criticality and impact on project

• Communicating effectively with stakeholders to align expectations

• Ensuring thorough testing coverage across all functionalities

• Coordinating with development team for timely bug fix

Selenium 4 introduces new features like Relative Locators, Chrome DevTools Protocol, and improved W3C WebDriver support.

• Relative Locators allow testers to locate elements based on their relationship with other elements.

• Chrome DevTools Protocol integration enables better debugging capabilities.

• Improved W3C WebDriver support ensures better compatibility with modern browsers.

• New APIs for better handling of browser windows...read more

To find x path for element on Flipkart web app, use browser developer tools

• Open Flipkart web app in browser

• Right click on the element you want to find x path for

• Select 'Inspect' to open developer tools

• Locate the element in the HTML code

• Right click on the element in the HTML code

• Select 'Copy' -> 'Copy XPath' to get the x path

Mouse operations in Selenium involve actions like click, double click, right click, drag and drop, etc.

• Mouse click: driver.findElement(By.xpath("//elementXPath")).click();

• Double click: Actions action = new Actions(driver); action.doubleClick(element).perform();

• Right click: Actions action = new Actions(driver); action.contextClick(element).perform();

• Drag and drop: Actions action = new Actions(driver); action.dragAndDrop

Selenium 4 introduces new locators for more efficient web element identification.

• Selenium 4 introduces Relative Locators for finding elements based on their relationship with other elements.

• The 'findElement' method now supports 'withTagName', 'above', 'below', 'toLeftOf', 'toRightOf', and 'near' methods.

• Relative locators help in writing more robust and readable test scripts.

• Example: driver.findElement(withTagName("inpu

Data from Excel file can be retrieved in Selenium using Apache POI library.

• Use Apache POI library to read data from Excel files in Selenium

• Create a FileInputStream object to read the Excel file

• Create a Workbook object using the FileInputStream

• Get the desired sheet from the Workbook

• Iterate through rows and cells to retrieve data

• Close the Workbook and FileInputStream after use

To upload a file in Selenium, you can use the sendKeys() method on the file input element.

• Locate the file input element on the webpage using appropriate locator strategies

• Use the sendKeys() method to send the file path to the file input element

• Ensure the file path is correct and accessible by the browser

To get an iFrame in a web page, you can use the <iframe> tag in HTML.

• Use the <iframe> tag in HTML to embed another webpage within the current webpage

• Specify the source URL of the webpage to be displayed in the iFrame using the 'src' attribute

• Adjust the height and width of the iFrame using the 'height' and 'width' attributes

• Add a border around the iFrame using the 'frameborder' attribute

To switch iFrame one to another, you can use the switchTo() method in Selenium WebDriver.

• Locate the iFrame using its locator

• Switch to the iFrame using switchTo() method

• Perform actions within the iFrame

• Switch back to the default content when done

iFrames in web pages have a return type of HTML elements.

• iFrames are used to embed another document within the current HTML document.

• They are represented as HTML elements with a src attribute pointing to the URL of the embedded document.

• iFrames can be manipulated using JavaScript to interact with the embedded content.

Use emulators or cloud-based testing services to automate mobile app testing without physical devices.

• Utilize emulators such as Android Studio's emulator or Genymotion for Android apps

• Leverage cloud-based testing services like AWS Device Farm or BrowserStack for testing on various devices and OS versions

• Implement Appium or Selenium for cross-platform mobile app automation

TestNG annotations are used to control the flow of test methods and define the sequence in which they should be executed.

• Annotations like @BeforeSuite, @BeforeTest, @BeforeClass, @BeforeMethod are used to set up preconditions before executing test methods.

• Annotations like @Test are used to define test methods.

• Annotations like @AfterMethod, @AfterClass, @AfterTest, @AfterSuite are used to clean up after executing test m...read more

To copy data from one tab and paste it in another tab, use keyboard shortcuts or right-click options.

• Use Ctrl + C to copy data from the source tab

• Switch to the target tab

• Use Ctrl + V to paste the copied data in the target tab

• Alternatively, right-click on the selected data and choose 'Copy', then right-click in the target tab and choose 'Paste'

Use Actions class in Selenium to drag an object from one place to another.

• Create an instance of Actions class

• Use dragAndDrop() method to drag the object to the desired location

• Perform() method to execute the action

Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve specific goals.

• Involves planning and setting goals

• Organizing resources and tasks

• Leading and motivating employees

• Controlling and evaluating performance

• Examples: setting budgets, creating schedules, delegating tasks

A bond is a debt investment where an investor loans money to an entity which borrows the funds for a defined period at a fixed interest rate.

• Bonds are issued by governments, municipalities, corporations, and other entities to raise capital.

• Types of bonds include government bonds, corporate bonds, municipal bonds, and convertible bonds.

• Government bonds are issued by national governments and are considered low-risk inves...read more

Options are financial instruments that give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a specified price before or on a specified date.

• Options can be used for hedging, speculation, or generating income.

• There are two types of options: call options (which give the holder the right to buy an asset) and put options (which give the holder the right to sell an asset).

• Options have an expiration d...read more

Options Greeks are a set of risk measures that help traders understand the sensitivity of an option's price to various factors.

• Options Greeks include Delta, Gamma, Theta, Vega, and Rho.

• Delta measures the change in the option price for a $1 change in the underlying asset price.

• Gamma measures the rate of change of Delta.

• Theta measures the change in the option price with the passage of time.

• Vega measures the sensitivity o...read more

Dividend is a distribution of a portion of a company's earnings to its shareholders.

• Dividends are typically paid in cash or additional shares of stock.

• Journal entry for cash dividend: Debit Retained Earnings, Credit Dividends Payable.

• Journal entry for stock dividend: Debit Retained Earnings, Credit Common Stock or Paid-in Capital.

• Dividends reduce the company's retained earnings and are recorded on the balance sheet.

• Div...read more

Accrued income and expenses are revenues and expenses that have been earned or incurred, but not yet received or paid.

• Accrued income is revenue that has been earned but not yet received. It is recorded as a debit to an asset account and a credit to a revenue account.

• Accrued expenses are expenses that have been incurred but not yet paid. They are recorded as a debit to an expense account and a credit to a liability acco...read more