MathWorks Deep Learning Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

A generic swap function swaps two values of any data type.

• The function should take two parameters of any data type.

• Use a temporary variable to store the value of one parameter.

• Assign the value of the second parameter to the first parameter.

• Assign the value of the temporary variable to the second parameter.

Search for an element in a rotated sorted linked list.

• Find the pivot point where the list is rotated.

• Divide the list into two sublists based on the pivot point.

• Perform binary search on the appropriate sublist.

• Handle edge cases such as empty list and list with only one element.

Search an element in a rotated sorted array

• Find the pivot point where the array is rotated

• Divide the array into two sub-arrays based on pivot point

• Perform binary search on the appropriate sub-array

• Repeat until element is found or sub-array size is 1

Given a Sudoku board, find possible numbers for an empty cell.

• Iterate through empty cells and check possible numbers using row, column, and box constraints.

• Use a set to keep track of possible numbers for each empty cell.

• Return the set of possible numbers for the given empty cell.

Find integer average of 4 unsigned integers without typecasting

• Add all the integers and divide by 4

• Use bit shifting to divide by 4

• Handle overflow by using long long data type

• Use unsigned int data type for input

Code to identify 32 bit or 64 bit architecture of a processor

• Check if the operating system is 32 bit or 64 bit

• If OS is 32 bit, processor is 32 bit

• If OS is 64 bit, check if processor supports 64 bit architecture

• Use CPUID instruction to check if processor supports 64 bit architecture

Convert binary number to base 64 integer

• Divide the binary number into groups of 6 bits

• Convert each group of 6 bits to decimal

• Map the decimal value to the corresponding base 64 character

• Concatenate the base 64 characters to form the final integer

Creating test cases for random scenarios ensures software reliability and robustness through diverse input validation.

• Identify edge cases: Test with minimum and maximum input values, e.g., an empty array vs. a large array.

• Use random data: Generate random inputs to simulate real-world usage, e.g., random user names or passwords.

• Test invalid inputs: Ensure the system handles unexpected inputs gracefully, e.g., negative n...read more

AVL tree balance checking ensures that the tree maintains its height-balanced property after insertions and deletions.

• An AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree.

• The balance factor (BF) of a node is defined as the height of the left subtree minus the height of the right subtree.

• A node is considered balanced if its BF is -1, 0, or +1.

• To check balance, recursively calculate the height of left and right subtrees fo...read more

Level order traversal of a tree using Queue

• Create a queue and add the root node to it

• While the queue is not empty, remove the front node and print its value

• Add the left and right child nodes of the removed node to the queue

• Repeat until the queue is empty

Check if parentheses in a string are balanced using a stack-based approach.

• Use a stack to track opening parentheses: '(', '{', '['.

• For each closing parenthesis: check if it matches the top of the stack.

• If the stack is empty at the end, parentheses are balanced.

• Example: '((){})' is balanced, but '((())' is not.

Find product of each element of an array except that element in O(N) time complexity without using / operation

• Use prefix and suffix products

• Multiply prefix and suffix products for each element to get the final product

• Handle edge cases where array has 0 or 1 element separately

Recursively delete a linked list

• Create a recursive function that takes the head of the linked list as input

• Base case: if the head is null, return

• Recursively call the function with the next node as input

• Delete the current node

Recursively delete a tree by deleting all its child nodes and then the parent node.

• Start from the leaf nodes and delete them first.

• Then move up to the parent nodes and delete them.

• Repeat until the root node is deleted.

• Use post-order traversal to ensure child nodes are deleted before parent nodes.

Recursively delete elements from the end of an array.

• Create a recursive function that removes the last element of the array.

• Call the function recursively until the desired number of elements are removed.

• Handle edge cases such as empty arrays and removing more elements than the array contains.

There is no known algorithm to find shortest path in 2-D space in O(log N) time.

• The best known algorithm for finding shortest path in 2-D space is Dijkstra's algorithm which has a time complexity of O(N^2).

• Other algorithms like A* and Bellman-Ford have better time complexity but still not O(log N).

• If the points are on a grid, Lee algorithm can be used which has a time complexity of O(N).

MVC life cycle, AJAX call and passing data from view to partial view.

• MVC life cycle includes request routing, controller instantiation, action execution, and rendering of the view.

• AJAX call is initiated by sending an HTTP request to the server and receiving a response in the form of JSON or XML data.

• To pass data from one view to a partial view, we can use ViewBag, ViewData, or TempData.

• ViewBag is a dynamic object that ...read more

Abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated, while interface is a contract that defines methods.

• Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.

• Abstract class can have instance variables, while interface cannot.

• Abstract class is used for code reusability and polymorphism, while interface is used for achieving abstraction and loose coupling.

• In serv...read more

My typical day as a Software Engineer involves coding, collaborating, and continuous learning to deliver high-quality software solutions.

• Morning stand-up meeting to discuss progress and blockers with the team.

• Coding sessions where I implement features or fix bugs, often using languages like Python or Java.

• Collaborating with designers and product managers to refine requirements and ensure alignment.

• Participating in code...read more

Recent issues faced in the organization include project delays, communication gaps, and technical debt impacting productivity.

• Project Delays: We encountered delays in project timelines due to unforeseen technical challenges, such as integrating legacy systems with new technologies.

• Communication Gaps: Miscommunication between teams led to misunderstandings about project requirements, resulting in rework and wasted resou...read more