Lonza Quality Executive Interview Questions and Answers

TFF is a measure of cash generated from operations, while CFF is a measure of cash generated from financing activities.

• TFF stands for 'Total Funds From Operations' and measures the cash generated from a company's core business operations.

• CFF stands for 'Cash Flow From Financing' and measures the cash generated from financing activities such as issuing stocks or bonds.

• TFF is an important metric for evaluating a company'...read more

Risk assessment involves identifying potential risks and evaluating their likelihood and impact.

• Identify potential risks and their likelihood of occurring

• Evaluate the potential impact of each risk

• Develop strategies to mitigate or manage identified risks

• Regularly review and update risk assessments

• Examples: financial risk assessment, cybersecurity risk assessment

I worked as a Quality Analyst at XYZ Company for 2 years.

• Conducted quality assurance testing on software applications

• Identified and reported bugs and issues to development team

• Collaborated with stakeholders to ensure product met quality standards

There are three types of validations: front-end, back-end, and database. Each type requires a different approach.

• Front-end validation is done on the client-side and checks for user input errors before submitting the form.

• Back-end validation is done on the server-side and checks for errors in the data submitted by the user.

• Database validation checks for data integrity and consistency in the database.

• Handling of validati...read more

Calibration of instruments is a crucial process to ensure accuracy and reliability of measurements.

• Calibration involves comparing the measurements of an instrument to a known standard.

• It helps in identifying and correcting any deviations or errors in the instrument's readings.

• Calibration ensures that the instrument is performing within acceptable limits and provides accurate results.

• It is necessary to calibrate instrum...read more

HPLC is a technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture based on their interaction with a stationary phase and mobile phase.

• HPLC stands for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

• The principle of HPLC involves the separation of components in a mixture based on their affinity for the stationary phase and mobile phase.

• The instrumentation of HPLC includes a pump to deliver the mobile phase, a ...read more

GC stands for Gas Chromatography, a principle and instrumentation used for separating and analyzing volatile compounds.

• GC is a technique used in analytical chemistry to separate and identify components of a mixture.

• It involves injecting a sample into a gas chromatograph, which vaporizes the sample and carries it through a column.

• The column contains a stationary phase that interacts with the sample components, causing t...read more

UV spectroscopy is a technique that uses ultraviolet light to analyze the chemical composition of substances.

• UV spectroscopy is based on the principle that molecules absorb ultraviolet light at specific wavelengths.

• The Beer-Lambert law relates the concentration of a substance to the amount of light it absorbs.

• UV spectroscopy is commonly used in pharmaceutical, environmental, and forensic analysis.

• It is used to determin...read more

SAP activity refers to the use of SAP software for business operations and management.

• SAP activity involves using SAP software for various business functions such as finance, human resources, supply chain management, and customer relationship management.

• It helps organizations streamline their processes, improve efficiency, and make data-driven decisions.

• Examples of SAP activity include creating financial reports, manag...read more

pH activity refers to the measurement of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

• pH activity is measured on a scale of 0-14, with 7 being neutral, below 7 being acidic, and above 7 being alkaline

• It is important in various fields such as chemistry, biology, and environmental science

• For example, pH activity is used to determine the acidity of soil for agriculture, the pH of water for aquatic life, and the pH of blood for med

The pH value decreases when acid is added and increases when alkali is added.

• Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, which increases the concentration of H+ ions and lowers the pH value.

• Alkalis release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water, which decreases the concentration of H+ ions and raises the pH value.

• The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 are acidic, and ...read more

Chemical reaction between sodium and chlorine

• Sodium (Na) reacts with chlorine (Cl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl)

• The reaction is exothermic and releases energy in the form of heat and light

• The balanced chemical equation is 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl

Normality refers to the state of being normal or conforming to a standard or average.

• Normality is a concept used in various fields to define what is considered typical or expected.

• It is often used in statistics to describe the distribution of data points around a mean.

• In psychology, normality refers to behavior that is within the range of what is considered socially acceptable.

• Normality can also be subjective, varying ...read more

Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

• Molarity is calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.

• It is denoted by the symbol 'M'.

• Molarity is commonly used in chemistry to express the concentration of a solution.

• For example, a 1 M solution of sodium chloride contains 1 mole of sodium chloride

Molarity is the concentration of a solution in terms of the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, while molality is the concentration of a solution in terms of the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

• Molarity is denoted by M, while molality is denoted by m.

• Molarity is affected by temperature changes, while molality is not.

• Molarity is used in chemical reactions, while molality is used in colliga...read more

HPLC stands for High Performance Liquid Chromatography. It is a principle used in analytical chemistry to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture.

• HPLC uses a liquid mobile phase and a solid stationary phase to separate components based on their interactions with the stationary phase.

• The principle is based on the differential partitioning of components between the mobile and stationary phases.

• Components...read more

The principle of UV-spectrophotometer is based on the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) light by molecules.

• UV-spectrophotometer measures the absorbance of UV light by a sample.

• The absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing species in the sample.

• The principle is used in various applications such as quantitative analysis, purity determination, and kinetics studies.

• UV-spectrophotometer operates...read more

Quality assurance focuses on preventing defects while quality control focuses on identifying and correcting defects.

• Quality assurance is a proactive process that involves planning, designing, and implementing processes to prevent defects from occurring.

• Quality control is a reactive process that involves identifying defects and taking corrective action to eliminate them.

• Quality assurance is focused on the entire process...read more