60+ Executive Quality Assurance Interview Questions and Answers

There are two types of sterilization techniques: dry heat and moist heat. Dry heat uses high temperatures while moist heat uses steam.

• Dry heat sterilization uses high temperatures ranging from 160-180°C for 2-4 hours.

• Moist heat sterilization uses steam at a temperature of 121°C for 15-20 minutes.

• Dry heat sterilization is suitable for materials that can withstand high temperatures such as glassware, metal instruments, and powders.

• Moist heat sterilization is suitable for materi...read more

Various types of microbiology tests are performed for milk to ensure its safety and quality.

• Total Plate Count (TPC) test

• Coliform count test

• Standard Plate Count (SPC) test

• Somatic Cell Count (SCC) test

• Methylene Blue Reduction (MBR) test

• Lactoperoxidase test

• Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) test

Process verification is the evaluation of individual processes to ensure they meet quality standards, while system verification is the evaluation of the entire system to ensure it functions correctly.

• Process verification involves assessing each step of a process to ensure it is performed correctly and meets quality standards.

• System verification involves evaluating the overall system to ensure all components work together as intended.

• Process verification focuses on the details...read more

Controlling defects analysis can be achieved through effective quality control measures and data analysis.

• Implementing quality control processes to identify and prevent defects

• Conducting thorough analysis of defect data to identify root causes and trends

• Using statistical tools and techniques to analyze defect data

• Implementing corrective actions based on defect analysis findings

• Monitoring and measuring the effectiveness of defect control measures

CTC and notice period are confidential information and can be discussed at a later stage.

• CTC and notice period are confidential information.

• They can be discussed at a later stage.

• I am willing to provide this information when required.

Shop floor activities in production involve dispensing, manufacturing, packaging, and quality control.

• Dispensing of raw materials

• Manufacturing of products

• Packaging of finished goods

• Quality control checks throughout the process

• Cleaning and maintenance of equipment

• Documentation of all activities

• Training of personnel

• Adherence to safety protocols

There are two types of damages: visible and concealed. Returns are validated through inspection and testing.

• Visible damages are those that can be seen with the naked eye, such as scratches or dents.

• Concealed damages are those that are not immediately visible, such as internal damage or defects.

• Returns are validated through inspection and testing to determine the extent of the damage and whether it was caused by the customer or during shipping.

• If the damage is determined to be...read more

Controlling fuckring can be avoided through effective quality assurance processes.

• Implementing robust quality control measures

• Conducting regular audits and inspections

• Establishing clear quality standards and guidelines

• Providing comprehensive training to employees

• Using advanced testing and monitoring tools

• Encouraging open communication and feedback

• Addressing issues promptly and taking corrective actions

• Promoting a culture of quality and continuous improvement

Compression machine parameters and defects identification

• Compression machine parameters include force, speed, and displacement

• Defects can be identified through visual inspection and testing

• Common defects include cracks, voids, and delamination

• Testing methods include ultrasonic testing and dye penetrant inspection

Equipment used in microbiology lab and their uses

• Microscope - to observe microorganisms

• Incubator - to grow and maintain cultures at a specific temperature

• Autoclave - to sterilize equipment and media

• Bunsen burner - to sterilize inoculating loops and needles

• Laminar flow hood - to maintain a sterile environment for handling samples

• pH meter - to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

• Colony counter - to count and record bacterial colonies on agar plates

• Spectrophotometer -...read more

Incidents are events that deviate from normal operations. No harm refers to incidents without negative consequences, while near miss refers to incidents with potential harm. HIRA is a risk assessment tool. Patient safety focuses on preventing harm to patients.

• Incidents are events that deviate from normal operations.

• No harm incidents are those that do not result in negative consequences.

• Near miss incidents are those that have the potential to cause harm but are prevented.

• HIRA ...read more

Allergy is a hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system to a foreign substance called allergen.

• Allergens are substances that trigger an allergic reaction.

• Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, animal dander, certain foods, and insect venom.

• Symptoms of allergy include sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, skin rash, and difficulty breathing.

• Allergy can be diagnosed through skin tests, blood tests, and elimination diets.

• Treatment options include antihistamines, decongesta...read more

Target Limit is the maximum acceptable value for a Critical Control Point (CCP) to ensure food safety.

• Target Limit is a key parameter in Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system.

• It is the maximum limit of a physical, chemical or biological hazard that can be present in a food product at a CCP.

• If the hazard exceeds the Target Limit, corrective actions must be taken to bring it back under control.

• For example, the Target Limit for the temperature of cooked meat...read more

Culture media preparation involves sterilization, mixing of ingredients, and pH adjustment.

• Sterilize all equipment and ingredients before use

• Mix ingredients according to recipe or manufacturer instructions

• Adjust pH as necessary using acid or base solutions

• Autoclave or sterilize the final product before use

• Examples of culture media include nutrient agar, blood agar, and MacConkey agar

OOS stands for Out of Specification. Cleaning Validation is the process of ensuring that equipment and facilities are properly cleaned.

• OOS refers to a result that falls outside the specifications or acceptance criteria for a product or process.

• Cleaning Validation is a documented process that ensures equipment and facilities are cleaned to prevent contamination.

• It involves establishing cleaning procedures, selecting appropriate cleaning agents, and testing for residual contami...read more

I have conducted internal, external, and supplier audits. Accuracy depends on the scope and objectives of the audit.

• I have conducted internal audits to assess the effectiveness of the company's quality management system.

• I have conducted external audits to evaluate the compliance of suppliers with the company's quality standards.

• I have conducted supplier audits to ensure that the company's suppliers meet the required quality standards.

• The accuracy of the audit depends on the s...read more

A flag system is a method of indicating a status or condition using a visual symbol or color code.

• Flags can be used in various industries such as aviation, maritime, and construction.

• In aviation, a red flag on the runway indicates that it is closed and cannot be used for takeoff or landing.

• In construction, a yellow flag may indicate caution or a potential hazard in the area.

• Flag systems can also be used in quality assurance to indicate the status of a product or process.

• The f...read more

Pickle making involves soaking vegetables in a mixture of vinegar, salt, and spices.

• Vegetables are sliced or chopped and placed in a jar or container.

• A mixture of vinegar, salt, and spices is boiled and poured over the vegetables.

• The jar is sealed and left to sit for several days to allow the flavors to develop.

• Different vegetables and spices can be used to create a variety of pickles.

• The acidity of the vinegar and salt content help to preserve the vegetables.

Gram staining is a laboratory technique used to differentiate bacterial species into two groups based on their cell wall composition.

• Developed by Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram in 1884

• Involves staining bacterial cells with crystal violet and iodine, then washing with alcohol and counterstaining with safranin

• Gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet stain and appear purple under a microscope, while gram-negative bacteria lose the stain and appear pink or red

• U...read more

SOP stands for Standard Operating Procedure. It is a documented procedure that outlines the steps to be followed in a particular process.

• SOP is a set of instructions that describe how to perform a task or activity.

• It is used to ensure consistency and quality in processes.

• SOPs are commonly used in industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and food service.

• Examples of SOPs include procedures for cleaning equipment, handling hazardous materials, and conducting audits.

• SOPs sh...read more

A cave is a natural underground chamber or series of chambers, typically accessible only by a narrow opening.

• A cave is formed by natural processes such as erosion, weathering, and chemical reactions.

• Caves can be found all over the world and are often used for recreational activities such as spelunking or cave diving.

• Some caves contain unique geological formations such as stalactites and stalagmites.

• Caves can also be used as shelter by animals and humans.

• Caves can be dangerous...read more

The dairy industry's SWOT analysis highlights its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

• Strengths: high demand for dairy products, established distribution channels, diverse product range

• Weaknesses: high production costs, dependence on weather and climate, animal welfare concerns

• Opportunities: increasing demand for organic and plant-based dairy alternatives, expanding global market

• Threats: competition from alternative milk products, government regulations and poli...read more

Emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible liquids, while suspension is a mixture of solid particles in a liquid.

• Emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible liquids, where one liquid is dispersed in the other.

• Examples of emulsions include milk, mayonnaise, and vinaigrette.

• Suspension is a mixture of solid particles in a liquid, where the particles are not dissolved.

• Examples of suspensions include muddy water, blood, and paint.

• Emulsions are usually opaque, while suspensions can be opa...read more

CAPA stands for Corrective and Preventive Action. It is a systematic approach to identify, investigate, and resolve quality issues.

• CAPA is a quality management process used to address and correct nonconformities and prevent their recurrence.

• It involves identifying the root cause of a problem, implementing corrective actions to address the immediate issue, and preventive actions to prevent future occurrences.

• CAPA typically follows a defined process flow, including problem iden...read more

I have extensive experience in the food industry, including food safety and quality assurance.

• I have worked in various roles in the food industry, including as a line cook, food safety inspector, and quality assurance manager.

• I have a deep understanding of food safety regulations and have implemented food safety programs in multiple facilities.

• I have experience conducting audits and inspections to ensure compliance with food safety standards.

• I have also worked on product deve...read more

Bioburden test is a method to measure the number of microorganisms present on a surface or in a sample.

• It is used to ensure the cleanliness and sterility of medical devices and pharmaceutical products.

• The test involves taking a sample from the product or surface and culturing it in a nutrient-rich environment to encourage the growth of microorganisms.

• The number of colonies that grow is then counted and used to determine the bioburden of the sample.

• The results of the test are ...read more

The control system team can be managed by establishing clear goals, providing proper training and resources, promoting effective communication, and implementing regular performance evaluations.

• Establish clear goals and objectives for the control system team.

• Provide proper training and resources to enhance their skills and knowledge.

• Promote effective communication within the team and with other departments.

• Implement regular performance evaluations to assess individual and team...read more

IPQA activities refer to In-Process Quality Assurance activities that ensure compliance with cGMP norms.

• IPQA activities involve monitoring and inspecting the manufacturing process to ensure quality standards are met

• Examples of IPQA activities include in-process checks, sampling, and documentation review

• IPQA activities are essential for maintaining product quality and compliance with cGMP norms

Legal Metrology is the science of measurement and its application in law.

• It deals with the legal requirements and regulations related to weights and measures.

• It ensures accuracy and reliability in measurements used in trade and commerce.

• It covers various aspects such as packaging, labeling, and verification of measuring instruments.

• Examples include weighing scales, fuel dispensers, and measuring tapes.

• Legal Metrology also helps in consumer protection by preventing fraud and e...read more

My current CTC is confidential.

• I prefer not to disclose my current CTC as it is confidential.

• I am open to discussing my salary expectations for this role.

• I believe my skills and experience make me a strong candidate for this position.

• I am willing to negotiate a fair and competitive salary based on the responsibilities and requirements of the role.

Tablet evaluation parameters are the criteria used to assess the quality and performance of tablets.

• Tablet weight and thickness

• Disintegration time

• Dissolution rate

• Hardness and friability

• Uniformity of dosage units

• Content uniformity

• Stability and shelf life

• Packaging and labeling

• Patient acceptability

CAPA effectiveness can be checked by reviewing the implementation of corrective and preventive actions, verifying if the root cause has been addressed, and monitoring for recurrence.

• Review the implementation of corrective and preventive actions taken in response to the CAPA.

• Verify if the root cause identified in the CAPA has been effectively addressed.

• Monitor the process or system to ensure that the issue does not recur.

• Analyze data and metrics to assess the impact of the CAP...read more

HACCP is a systematic approach to food safety that identifies, evaluates, and controls hazards in food production. FSSC 22000 is a certification scheme for food safety management systems.

• HACCP stands for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points

• It is a preventive system to ensure food safety by identifying and controlling potential hazards

• FSSC 22000 is a certification scheme that incorporates ISO 22000 and additional requirements for food safety management systems

• It helps f...read more

Chicken processing involves various steps from slaughtering to packaging.

• The process starts with live birds being transported to the processing plant.

• The birds are then stunned and slaughtered.

• After slaughter, the birds are scalded to remove feathers and then eviscerated.

• The carcasses are then chilled and inspected for quality.

• Finally, the chicken is cut into parts and packaged for distribution.

• The process is highly regulated to ensure food safety and quality.

To prepare volumetric solutions, accurately measure the solute, dissolve it in a solvent, and dilute to the desired volume.

• Accurately measure the solute using a balance or pipette.

• Dissolve the solute in a small amount of solvent to ensure complete mixing.

• Transfer the solution to a volumetric flask and dilute with solvent to the calibration mark.

• Mix the solution thoroughly by inverting the flask several times.

• Verify the concentration by performing a titration or other analytic...read more

Capsules and tablets are two common forms of oral medication.

• Capsules are small, cylindrical-shaped containers that hold medication in powder or liquid form.

• Tablets are solid, compressed medication that come in various shapes and sizes.

• Capsules are often used for medications that are difficult to swallow or have a strong taste or odor.

• Tablets can be coated to make them easier to swallow and to protect the medication from stomach acid.

• Both capsules and tablets are taken orally...read more

Reviews of PVR and PQRS can be conducted through a systematic process involving data analysis and evaluation.

• Collect and analyze data related to PVR and PQRS

• Evaluate the performance and quality based on established criteria

• Identify areas of improvement and develop action plans

• Implement changes and monitor the impact

• Continuously review and update the process to ensure ongoing quality assurance

My expected CTC is negotiable based on the job responsibilities and market standards.

• My expected CTC is based on my experience, skills, and the level of responsibility in the role.

• I am open to discussing the compensation package, including benefits and bonuses.

• I have researched the market rates for similar positions in the industry.

• I am looking for a competitive salary that reflects my qualifications and contributions.

• I am flexible and willing to consider a range of compensat...read more

AMV parameters are used in video encoding to optimize the quality and compression of the video.

• AMV stands for Anime Music Video, a popular video format for fan-made music videos.

• AMV parameters include frame rate, bit rate, resolution, and codec.

• Optimizing these parameters can improve video quality and reduce file size.

• For example, lowering the bit rate can reduce file size but may result in lower video quality.

• Choosing the right codec can also affect the compatibility of the ...read more

Vendor management is the process of managing relationships with third-party vendors who provide goods or services to an organization.

• Identifying and selecting vendors

• Negotiating contracts and pricing

• Monitoring vendor performance

• Managing vendor relationships

• Ensuring compliance with regulations and standards

• Examples: IT outsourcing, supply chain management, facilities management

Food safety and system requirements are crucial for ensuring quality assurance in the food industry.

• Food safety refers to the measures taken to ensure that food is free from harmful contaminants and pathogens.

• System requirements involve implementing processes and procedures to maintain food safety standards.

• Examples of system requirements include HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) and GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices).

A friability test is a method to determine the durability of tablets or granules by measuring their tendency to break or crumble.

• It is a quality control test performed on tablets or granules

• The tablets or granules are subjected to mechanical stress by tumbling them in a rotating drum

• The percentage weight loss due to breakage or crumbling is measured and compared to the acceptable limit

• It helps to ensure the tablets or granules can withstand handling and transportation without...read more

Carbon Black is a form of elemental carbon that is used in various industries for its properties such as high surface area and light absorption.

• Carbon Black is produced by incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products.

• It is commonly used as a reinforcing filler in tires, plastics, and other rubber products.

• Carbon Black is also used as a pigment in inks, coatings, and plastics.

• It is known for its ability to absorb ultraviolet light, making it useful in sunscreens and prote...read more

FSMS stands for Food Safety Management System. The role of Quality Assurance in FSMS is to ensure that food products meet safety and quality standards.

• FSMS is a systematic approach to controlling food safety hazards within a food business.

• Quality Assurance plays a key role in implementing and maintaining FSMS by conducting audits, inspections, and testing.

• Quality Assurance ensures that food products are safe for consumption and meet regulatory requirements.

• Examples of FSMS in...read more

APQR stands for Annual Product Quality Review. Validation is the process of establishing documented evidence that provides a high degree of assurance that a specific process will consistently produce a product meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes.

• APQR is a review conducted annually to evaluate the quality standards of a product throughout its lifecycle.

• Validation involves documenting evidence to ensure a process consistently produces a product meeti...read more

Standardization of milk refers to the process of adjusting the fat content to a specific level.

• Standardization is done to ensure consistent quality and taste of milk products.

• It involves removing or adding cream to adjust the fat content.

• For example, whole milk has a fat content of around 3.5%, while skimmed milk has less than 0.5%.

• Standardization is important for the production of dairy products like cheese, butter, and yogurt.

• It also helps to meet regulatory requirements an...read more

Acidity/PH plays a crucial role in determining the quality and safety of dairy products.

• Acidity/PH affects the texture, flavor, and shelf life of dairy products.

• The ideal PH range for most dairy products is between 6.4 and 6.8.

• Low PH levels can lead to sourness and spoilage, while high PH levels can cause coagulation and separation.

• Acidity/PH is often measured using a pH meter or litmus paper.

• Regulating acidity/PH is important in ensuring the safety and consistency of dairy p...read more