Infosys Senior Associate Consultant Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

I am currently working on a project to implement a new customer relationship management system for our client.

• Analyzing client requirements and designing a customized CRM solution

• Collaborating with developers to build and test the system

• Training client staff on how to use the new CRM system

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that contain both data and methods to manipulate that data.

• Encapsulation is a key principle in OOPs, where data is kept private and only accessible through public methods.

• Inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes and methods from other classes.

• Polymorphism allows objects to b...read more

SOLID principles are design principles used in software development to make software more maintainable, flexible, and scalable.

• S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

• O - Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasse...read more

Managing conflicting stakeholder priorities and tight deadlines

• Balancing the needs and expectations of different stakeholders

• Prioritizing tasks to meet project deadlines

• Communicating effectively to manage expectations and resolve conflicts

I would immediately notify the appropriate team, document the bug, and work on a fix to deploy as soon as possible.

• Notify the appropriate team or individual responsible for handling production issues

• Document the bug thoroughly, including steps to reproduce and impact on system

• Work on a fix or workaround to deploy as soon as possible

• Communicate with stakeholders about the issue and resolution progress

A functional predicate is a function that returns a boolean value based on input parameters.

• Functional predicates are commonly used in programming to filter or sort data based on specific criteria.

• They are often used in higher-order functions like filter, map, and reduce.

• For example, a functional predicate could be used to check if a number is even or odd.

• Another example could be a predicate that checks if a string con

Implementing logging functionality is optional in code

• Implementing logging can help in debugging and monitoring the application

• Use logging frameworks like Log4j or SLF4J to easily add logging to code

• Example: Adding log statements before and after critical operations

Delete, drop, and truncate are SQL commands used to remove data from a table. Truncate can't be rollbacked.

• DELETE command is used to remove specific rows from a table

• DROP command is used to remove an entire table from the database

• TRUNCATE command is used to remove all rows from a table

• DELETE can be rollbacked using a transaction, while TRUNCATE cannot be rollbacked

To print something on browser using Spring Boot, you can create a controller method that returns a view or a response entity.

• Create a controller class with a method that returns a view or a response entity

• Use Thymeleaf or other template engine to render HTML views

• Return a response entity with the content type set to text/html for plain text output

Agile ceremonies are regular meetings or events held within an agile framework to facilitate communication, collaboration, and alignment among team members.

• Sprint Planning: Meeting at the start of a sprint to plan the work to be done.

• Daily Stand-up: Short daily meeting for team members to discuss progress and plan for the day.

• Sprint Review: Meeting at the end of a sprint to review and demonstrate the completed work.

• Spr...read more

Yes, I have experience with frontend technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, as well as cloud technologies like AWS and Azure.

• Proficient in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for frontend development

• Experience with cloud technologies such as AWS and Azure

• Familiarity with frontend frameworks like React and Angular

• Knowledge of cloud services like EC2, S3, and Azure Functions

I am a highly motivated and experienced Senior Associate Consultant with a strong background in project management and client relations.

• Over 5 years of experience in consulting industry

• Managed multiple projects simultaneously, exceeding client expectations

• Skilled in data analysis and presentation

• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills

I am currently working on a project in the finance domain, specifically focusing on risk management for a large investment bank.

• Developing risk models to assess potential losses in different market scenarios

• Analyzing historical data to identify trends and patterns in market behavior

• Collaborating with traders and portfolio managers to understand their risk appetite and constraints

Code logic to find duplicate numbers in an array

• Iterate through the array and store each element in a hash set

• If an element is already in the hash set, it is a duplicate

• Return the set of duplicate numbers found

Conflicts in a git merge can be resolved by manually editing the conflicting files and then committing the changes.

• Use 'git status' to identify the conflicting files

• Open the conflicting files in a text editor and resolve the conflicts manually

• Use 'git add' to stage the resolved files

• Commit the changes using 'git commit'

Object creation is not possible for abstract classes because they cannot be instantiated directly.

• Abstract classes are meant to be used as base classes for other classes to inherit from.

• They contain abstract methods that must be implemented by the child classes.

• Attempting to create an object of an abstract class will result in a compilation error.

• Example: abstract class Shape { abstract void draw(); }

Exception handling in Java is used to handle runtime errors and prevent program crashes.

• Purpose is to handle runtime errors and prevent program crashes

• Allows for graceful handling of unexpected situations

• Helps in separating error-handling code from regular code

• Improves code readability and maintainability

• Examples: try-catch blocks, throw keyword, finally block

LinkedList is a linear data structure that stores elements in a sequential order, while HashSet is a collection that does not allow duplicate elements.

• LinkedList maintains the insertion order of elements, while HashSet does not guarantee any specific order.

• LinkedList allows duplicate elements, while HashSet does not allow duplicates.

• LinkedList uses pointers to connect elements, while HashSet uses a hash table for stori...read more

No, method overloading is not possible within a private class in Java.

• Method overloading is achieved by having multiple methods in the same class with the same name but different parameters.

• Private methods are not visible outside the class, so overloading them would not be useful.

• If you need to achieve method overloading, the methods should be public or protected.

Dependency injection is a design pattern in which an object receives other objects that it depends on.

• Constructor injection: Dependencies are provided through a class constructor.

• Setter injection: Dependencies are set through setter methods.

• Interface injection: Dependencies are set through an interface.

• Example: In constructor injection, a class may have a constructor that takes the dependencies as parameters.

Dependency injection in Spring Boot allows objects to be injected into a class, promoting loose coupling and easier testing.

• In Spring Boot, dependency injection is achieved through @Autowired annotation.

• Dependencies are managed by the Spring container and injected into classes at runtime.

• Constructor injection, setter injection, and field injection are common ways to inject dependencies in Spring Boot.

• Example: @Autowire...read more

You can call a private method in another class by using reflection in Java.

• Use the getDeclaredMethod() method from the Class class to get the private method

• Set the accessibility of the private method to true using the setAccessible() method

• Invoke the private method using the invoke() method

TreeMap in Java uses Red-Black tree for implementation.

• TreeMap in Java uses Red-Black tree for implementation

• Red-Black tree is a self-balancing binary search tree

• Red-Black tree ensures logarithmic time complexity for operations like get, put, remove

Inversion of control is a design principle where the control flow of a program is inverted, with the framework or container calling the code instead of the code calling the framework.

• Inversion of control allows for decoupling of components, making the code more modular and easier to maintain.

• Common examples of inversion of control include dependency injection and event-driven programming.

• Inversion of control is often u...read more

Difference between @RestController and @RequestMapping

• RestController is a specialized version of @Controller that includes @ResponseBody by default

• @RequestMapping is used to map web requests to specific handler methods

• RestController is typically used for RESTful web services, while @RequestMapping can be used for any type of web request handling

HTTP requests in Java backend flow from client to server through various layers like servlets, filters, and controllers.

• Client sends HTTP request to server

• Request is received by servlet container (e.g. Tomcat)

• Servlet container forwards request to appropriate servlet based on URL mapping

• Servlet processes request and generates response

• Response is sent back to client

Multiple catch blocks can be used to handle different types of exceptions in a try-catch block.

• Multiple catch blocks can be used to handle different types of exceptions separately.

• Each catch block can specify a different type of exception to catch.

• The catch blocks are evaluated in order, so the most specific exception types should be caught first.

• Using multiple catch blocks can make the code more readable and maintaina

Inheritance in Java allows a class to inherit properties and behaviors from another class.

• Create a new class using the 'extends' keyword followed by the name of the class you want to inherit from

• Use super keyword to call the constructor of the parent class

• Child class can override methods from the parent class

Dependency injection is a design pattern used to remove hard-coded dependencies and make components more reusable and testable.

• Allows for easier testing by injecting dependencies rather than hard-coding them

• Promotes reusability of components by decoupling them from their dependencies

• Improves maintainability by making it easier to swap out dependencies without changing the component's code

Streams represent a sequence of elements and support functional-style operations, while collections are data structures that store and manipulate groups of objects.

• Streams are used for processing sequences of elements, while collections are used for storing and manipulating groups of objects.

• Streams support functional-style operations like filter, map, reduce, while collections provide methods like add, remove, get.

• Str...read more

To create a Spring Boot application, you can use Spring Initializr to generate a project with necessary dependencies and configurations.

• Go to https://start.spring.io/

• Select the project metadata like group, artifact, dependencies, etc.

• Click on 'Generate' to download the project zip file.

• Extract the zip file and import the project into your IDE.

• Start coding your application logic.

Starter dependencies in Spring Boot are pre-configured dependencies that help in quickly setting up a Spring Boot project.

• Starter dependencies are included in the pom.xml file of a Spring Boot project to provide necessary dependencies for specific functionalities.

• They help in reducing the manual configuration required to set up a Spring Boot application.

• Examples of starter dependencies include spring-boot-starter-web f...read more

A B-tree index is a data structure used in databases to efficiently store and retrieve data in sorted order.

• B-tree indexes are commonly used in database management systems to speed up data retrieval operations.

• They are balanced tree data structures that allow for efficient insertion, deletion, and search operations.

• B-tree indexes are particularly useful for range queries and sequential access.

• Example: In a database tab...read more

A trigger in SQL is a special type of stored procedure that is automatically executed when certain events occur in a database.

• Triggers can be used to enforce business rules, maintain referential integrity, and automate repetitive tasks.

• There are two main types of triggers in SQL: BEFORE triggers and AFTER triggers.

• An example of a trigger is a BEFORE INSERT trigger that automatically sets a default value for a column if

ACID properties are a set of properties that guarantee the reliability of database transactions.

• ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.

• Atomicity ensures that either all operations in a transaction are completed successfully or none are.

• Consistency ensures that the database remains in a consistent state before and after the transaction.

• Isolation ensures that the concurrent execution of transac...read more

Types of joins in SQL include inner join, outer join (left, right, full), cross join, and self join.

• Inner join: returns rows when there is a match in both tables based on the join condition.

• Outer join: returns all rows from one table and only matching rows from the other table.

• Left outer join: returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table.

• Right outer join: returns all rows from the righ...read more

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization involves breaking down data into smaller, more manageable tables

• It helps in reducing data redundancy by eliminating duplicate data

• Normalization ensures data integrity by enforcing relationships between tables

• There are different levels of normalization such as 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF

Query to print CustomerID, CustomerName, OrderStatus, and TotalAmount excluding orders placed in August.

• Join Customer and Order tables on CustomerID

• Filter out orders placed in August using WHERE clause

• Select CustomerID, CustomerName, OrderStatus, and TotalAmount columns

Retrieve data from a given URL using Java and Angular code.

• Use Java's HttpURLConnection class to make a GET request to the URL and retrieve the data.

• In Angular, use HttpClient module to send a GET request to the URL and fetch the data.

• Parse the retrieved data in both Java and Angular to extract the required information.